scholarly journals Ochre-Based Pigments in the Tablinum of the House of the Bicentenary (Herculaneum, Italy) Between Decorative Technology and Natural Disasters

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Michele Secco ◽  
Leslie Rainer ◽  
Kiernan Graves ◽  
Arlen Heginbotham ◽  
Gilberto Artioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Thermal Alteration ◽  
Red Pigments ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Degradation Processes ◽  
Analytical Results ◽  
Color Scheme

Ochre-based pigments have been employed since the first artistic expressions of mankind, with widespread diffusion during the Roman civilization. Such prominent use influenced their technological development, focused on functional and aesthetic optimization through complex manufacturing procedures. Furthermore, their appearance is also influenced by degradation processes, sometimes driven by natural disasters such as the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD, in which yellow ochres of Vesuvian sites were sometimes converted to red by thermal alteration. In this contribution, a multi-analytical approach was adopted based on preliminary non-invasive investigations complemented by laboratory analyses to characterize the painted surfaces of the tablinum of the House of the Bicentenary (Herculaneum) with a particular focus on the ochre-based monochrome backgrounds. The study was aimed at (a) reconstructing the original color scheme of the walls and (b) deciphering the complex decorative techniques adopted by Roman craftsmen. The analytical results allowed testing and defining analytical procedures for the discrimination between the original and converted red pigments. Furthermore, these studies indicated that specific decorative technologies were adopted according to aesthetic, functional, and economic purposes, including the utilization of various qualities of ochre with different compositional and textural properties, and the mixture of ochre pigments with other compounds.

AVALIAÇÃO PRELIMINAR DE MATERIAIS DIDÁTICOS MULTIMÍDIAS DE DESASTRES NATURAIS NA FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (17) ◽  
pp. 320-340
Author(s):  
Valdir Adilson Steinke ◽  
Ercília Torres Steinke ◽  
Alfonso Garcia de la Vega
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Training ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Geographic Education ◽  
Multimedia Resources ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
Analysis Of Teaching

O cenário atual na área de desenvolvimento tecnológico proporciona e demanda uma complexa análise dos processos de ensino-aprendizagem, tendo em vista os desafios de vincular as possibilidades potenciais dos recursos multimídias no cotidiano escolar. Particularmente para o caso da educação geográfica, estes recursos, podem ser articulados com o contexto da formação profissional básica na licenciatura em Geografia e, de maneira perene, na formação continuada de professores. A articulação entre temáticas transversais, que possam estar embasadas em conceitos estruturantes da Geografia e as possibilidades multimídias atuais, foram o direcionamento encontrado para uma avaliação preliminar do material produzido versando sobre desastres naturais e suas aplicações na capacitação de professores de Geografia. Foram aplicadas atividades testes com 79 professores. Observou-se um resultado muito acima do esperado, com índices de aprovação e aplicabilidade acima de 75%, o que consolida, especialmente, a demanda elevada por materiais com características capazes de proporcionar inovação e versatilidade na formação de professores, o que poderá gerar novas abordagens pedagógicas na dimensão escolar.PALAVRAS-CHAVEMultimídias, Tecnologia da Informação, Educação Geográfica.PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF MULTIMEDIA DIDATICAL MATERIALS OF NATURAL DISASTERS IN CONTINUED TEACHER TRAININGABSTRACTThe current scenario in the area of technological development provides and demands a complex analysis of teaching-learning processes, aiming the challenges in linking the potential possibilities of multimedia resources in everyday school. Particularly in the case of geographic education, these resources can be articulated with the context of the basic vocational training in the graduation in Geography, and permanently in the continued teacher training. The articulation between transversal themes that could be based on structuring concepts of Geography and the current multimedia possibilities were the orientation found for a preliminary evaluation of the material produced on natural disasters and their applications in the training of Geography teachers. Testing activities were applied with 79 teachers. A much higher-than-expected result was observed, with approval and applicability indexes over 75%, which especially consolidates the high demand for materials with characteristics capable of providing innovation and versatility in teacher training, which could generate new pedagogical approaches in the school dimension.KEYWORDSMultimedia, Information Technology, Geographic Education.ISSN: 2236-3904REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EDUCAÇÃO EM GEOGRAFIA - RBEGwww.revistaedugeo.com.br - [email protected]

scholarly journals Liquid Biopsy as Novel Tool in Precision Medicine: Origins, Properties, Identification and Clinical Perspective of Cancer’s Biomarkers

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Fernández-Lázaro ◽  
Juan Luis García Hernández ◽  
Alberto Caballero García ◽  
Alfredo Córdova Martínez ◽  
Juan Mielgo-Ayuso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Medical Oncology ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Clinical Perspective ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Innovative Methodology ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Molecular Information ◽  
Knowledge Of Cancer

In recent years, there has been an increase in knowledge of cancer, accompanied by a technological development that gives rise to medical oncology. An instrument that allows the implementation of individualized therapeutic strategies is the liquid biopsy. Currently, it is the most innovative methodology in medical oncology. Its high potential as a tool for screening and early detection, the possibility of assessing the patient’s condition after diagnosis and relapse, as well as the effectiveness of real-time treatments in different types of cancer. Liquid biopsy is capable of overcoming the limitations of tissue biopsies. The elements that compose the liquid biopsy are circulating tumor cells, circulating tumor nucleic acids, free of cells or contained in exosomes, microvesicle and platelets. Liquid biopsy studies are performed on various biofluids extracted in a non-invasive way, and they can be performed both from the blood and in urine, saliva or cerebrospinal fluid. The development of genotyping techniques, using the elements that make up liquid biopsy, make it possible to detect mutations, intertumoral and intratumoral heterogeneity, and provide molecular information on cancer for application in medical oncology in an individualized way in different types of tumors. Therefore, liquid biopsy has the potential to change the way medical oncology could predict the course of the disease.

scholarly journals Approaching a semiotics of exaptation: At the intersection between biological evolution and technological development

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Weible
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Biological Evolution ◽  
Semiotic Approach ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Cultural Functions

This paper recognizes a specific correspondence between biological evolution and technological development and on this basis tries to set up a semiotic approach to the evolutionary phenomenon of exaptation. To do this, the existence of a historical-structural and pragmatic analogy between organs and tools is shown, which in turn implies on a communicative ground the dissolution of some of their traditional distinctive attributes. Finally, a philosophical-analytical approach to natural and cultural functions is applied to define three types of exaptations.

scholarly journals Analytical Approach to Polarization Mode Dispersion in Linearly Spun Fiber with Birefringence

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod K. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Polarization Mode Dispersion ◽  
Optical Networking ◽  
Polarization Mode ◽  
Profile Function ◽  
Analytical Results ◽  
Mode Dispersion ◽  
Spun Fiber ◽  
Parameter Ranges

The behavior of Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD) in spun optical fiber is a topic of great interest in optical networking. Earlier work in this area has focused more on approximate or numerical solutions. In this paper we present analytical results for PMD in spun fibers with triangular spin profile function. It is found that in some parameter ranges the analytical results differ from the approximations.

scholarly journals A Systematic Literature Review of Non-Invasive Indoor Thermal Discomfort Detection

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Marchenko ◽  
Alenka Temeljotov-Salaj
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Thermal Discomfort ◽  
Non Invasive

Since 1997, scientists have been trying to utilize new non-invasive approaches for thermal discomfort detection, which promise to be more effective for comparing frameworks that need direct responses from users. Due to rapid technological development in the bio-metrical field, a systematic literature review to investigate the possibility of thermal discomfort detection at the work place by non-invasive means using bio-sensing technology was performed. Firstly, the problem intervention comparison outcome context (PICOC) framework was introduced in the study to identify the main points for meta-analysis and, in turn, to provide relevant keywords for the literature search. In total, 2776 studies were found and processed using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) methodology. After filtering by defined criterion, 35 articles were obtained for detailed investigation with respect to facility types used in the experiment, amount of people for data collection and algorithms used for prediction of the thermal discomfort event. The given study concludes that there is potential for the creation of non-invasive thermal discomfort detection models via utilization of bio-sensing technologies, which will provide a better user interaction with the built environment, potentially decrease energy use and enable better productivity. There is definitely room for improvement within the field of non-invasive thermal discomfort detection, especially with respect to data collection, algorithm implementation and sample size, in order to have opportunities for the deployment of developed solutions in real life. Based on the literature review, the potential of novel technology is seen to utilize a more intelligent approach for performing non-invasive thermal discomfort prediction. The architecture of deep neural networks should be studied more due to the specifics of its hidden layers and its ability of hierarchical data extraction. This machine learning algorithm can provide a better model for thermal discomfort detection based on a data set with different types of bio-metrical variables.

scholarly journals A Multi-Analytical Non-Invasive Approach to Aqueous Cleaning Systems in Treatments on Bowed String Musical Instruments

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Ilaria Cazzaniga ◽  
Marco Gargano ◽  
Claudia Invernizzi ◽  
Nicola G. Ludwig ◽  
Marco Malagodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Multispectral Imaging ◽  
Musical Instruments ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cleaning System ◽  
Cleaning Methods ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
Different Levels

Restoration and conservation procedures for historical musical instruments involve several issues, also connected with their frequent being played. One of the most delicate procedures for their preservation is the cleaning of surfaces from soil and dirt which have accumulated over the years. In fact, when external particles reach the surface, a fraction of them can deposit on it. Moreover, the contact with the player can generate chemical-physical changes, rapidly warming and wetting the surfaces through sweat deposition. This work focused on the cleaning methods of surfaces of bowed string musical instruments by a systematic and analytical approach. The selective cleaning procedure of varnished surfaces from grime and soil needs to be performed without compromising the original matter. Therefore, a dirty surface was reproduced on a set of varnished mock-ups and different water-based cleaning systems—generally used by restorers—were tested. The procedures were monitored in each step with several analytical methods: multispectral imaging (near-infrared (NIR), IRFC, visible imaging (VIS), UV-induced visible fluorescence), stereomicroscopy, XRF and FTIR spectroscopies allowed us to non-invasively outline the cleaning system efficacy. The results highlighted different levels of cleaning and, in some cases, it was possible to identify the best selectivity for the different procedures.

scholarly journals A multi-analytical diagnostic approach to study patinas, trace of colours and degradation process on the stone surface of a Renaissance Piety from the Museum of Ancient Art (Castello Sforzesco, Milan)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Fermo ◽  
Mario Colella ◽  
Marco Malagodi ◽  
Giacomo Fiocco ◽  
Michela Albano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Stone Surface ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Renaissance Period ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Colorimetric Measurements ◽  
Invasive Techniques

Abstract Alteration dark patinas and traces of colours present on the surface of a marble Piety dating to the Renaissance period and stored at the Castello Sforzesco-Museum of Ancient Art (Milan, Italy) were studied and chemically characterized. For this purpose, a multi-analytical approach based on both portable non-invasive (XRF and colorimetric measurements) and micro-invasive techniques (FTIR/ATR and SEM-EDS), has been applied. The statue has been recently submitted to a restoration before an exhibition at the Louvre Museum and the original appearance of the marble surface recovered thanks to the patina removal. Through the analytical characterization carried out before and after the marble cleaning, the presence of a degradation layer composed by gypsum was evidenced on the stone surface. The origin of this layer is probably ascribable to the exposure of the statue to outdoor environment and interaction with atmospheric pollution. The chemical nature of the coating applied at the end of 19th century and responsible for the patina formation was hypothesized. Finally, the use of pigments originally applied by means of an organic binder was also highlighted.

scholarly journals A multidisciplinary approach for the physic-chemical characterization of peloids to new perspectives in the development for “hydrothermal Developing Countries” using partecipatory methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-232
Author(s):  
Davide ROSSI ◽  
Renata URUCI
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Mud Therapy ◽  
Surface Tensiometry ◽  
Cutaneous Application

The Osservatorio Termale Permanente (OTP) operated from 1996 to 2014 in the Italian and international therapeutic thermalism field. The main aim of OTP was the development of a multidisciplinary approach for the characterization of the quality of peloids for cutaneous application and their maturation process using different qualitative and quantitative analytic techniques opening at the Integrated Analytical Approach in the field of therapeutic thermalism. The main innovation introduced by OTP were rheology and surface tensiometry applications on peloids. The introduction of surface tensiometry included the skin as a fundamental element for the development of mud therapy protocols based on the bioadhesive properties of peloids. The interfacial investigations between peloids and skin led to the characterization of the exchange activity occurring during pelotherapy on the cutaneous surface in a non-invasive and fast way. On these bases, our work linked each other the multidisciplinarity approach to the study of hydrothermal resources performed by OTP with the concept of the participative methodology commonly applied to the development of projects in the field of development cooperation. This combined approach led us to develop a scientific proposal for the development of therapeutic thermalism in countries not yet improved in this field and characterized by the presence of hydrothermal resources. Keywords: peloid, surface tensiometry, Rossi factor, rheology, Rheological Termal Mud, skin, integrated analytical approach, participative methodology, therapeutical thermal proposal, hydrothermal development countries

Information Management for the University-Enterprise Interaction

2020 ◽  
pp. 200-213
Author(s):  
Morjane Armstrong Santos de Miranda ◽  
Sérgio Maravilhas-Lopes ◽  
Ernani Marques dos Santos ◽  
Antonio Eduardo de Albuquerque Junior ◽  
Daniella Barbosa Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Management ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
National Council ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
The University ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

This chapter analyzes the importance of Information Management for the phenomenon of University-Enterprise (U-E) interaction, based on the Directory of Research Groups (DGP) in Brazil, of the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). The methodology used consisted in analyzing, by the empirical-analytic research and descriptive-analytical approach, the data available on this database. The data is about the activities of the research groups of the Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), interacting with companies from 2002 to 2010. Results show information management is important for this occurrence because it contributes to the recognition of interest and the conditions of interaction of the actors, enhancing the transfer of knowledge and technologies.

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