scholarly journals Multi-Scale Measurements of Neolithic Ceramics—A Methodological Comparison of Portable Energy-Dispersive XRF, Wavelength-Dispersive XRF, and Microcomputer Tomography

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 931
Author(s):  
Julia Menne ◽  
Astrid Holzheid ◽  
Christopher Heilmann
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Portable Xrf ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ancient Pottery ◽  
Production Techniques ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Xrf Analyses

Archaeometric investigation of ancient pottery with regard to their material composites allows insights into the material structures, production techniques and manufacturing processes. The applied methods depend on the classification of the pottery: some finds should remain unchanged for conservation reasons, other finds are less valuable or more common. While the first group cannot be destroyed for material analyses and the choice of analytical methods is limited, the latter can be investigated using destructive methods and thus can widen the spectrum of possible devices. Multi-element analyses of portable energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (portable XRF) have become important for archaeological research, as portable XRF provides a quick overview about the chemical composition of potteries and can be used in non-destructive as well as destructive ways in addition to conventional microscopic examination and petrographic thin sections. While most portable XRF analyses of solely fracture surfaces do not provide satisfying results, portable XRF analyses on pulverized samples are a cost-efficient and fast alternative to wavelength-dispersive XRF (WD-XRF). In comparison to WD-XRF, portable XRF on pulverized samples provides reliable concentration data (K, Fe, Rb, Ti, V, Y, Zn, Zr), but other elements need to be corrected. X-ray microtomography (µCT) has proven to be a non-destructive technique to derive not only the porosity of ancient pottery but also to characterize temper components and non-plastic inclusions. Hence, the µCT technique has the potential to extract valuable information needed by archaeologists, for example, to deduce details about manufacturing.

scholarly journals Portable XRF on Prehistoric Bronze Artefacts: Limitations and Use for the Detection of Bronze Age Metal Workshops

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heide Wrobel Nørgaard
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Portable Xrf ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Tin Alloys ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Metal Composition ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Xrf Analyses

AbstractTwo different scientific analyses-one destructive and one non-destructive-were conducted on two separate groups of bronze ornaments dating from 1500-1100 BC to investigate, amongst other traits, the metal composition of their copper-tin alloys. One group of artefacts was sampled, and polished thin sections were analysed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results from the corrosion crust of copper-tin alloys, and the change measured within the elemental composition from the bulk metal to the surface, greatly influenced the interpretation of the second data set, which was measured using a handheld X-ray fluorescence (XRF) device. The surface of corroded bronze ornaments consists mostly of copper carbonates, oxides, and chlorides. Chemical processes, such as decuprification, change the element composition in such a manner that the original alloy cannot be traced with a non-destructive method. This paper compares the results of both investigations in order to define the possibilities and limits of non-destructive XRF analyses of corroded bronze artefacts.

scholarly journals Energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) for operando materials characterization within batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (37) ◽  
pp. 20972-20989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy C. Marschilok ◽  
Andrea M. Bruck ◽  
Alyson Abraham ◽  
Chavis A. Stackhouse ◽  
Kenneth J. Takeuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Materials Characterization ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
System Level ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Non Destructive Characterization

This review highlights the efficacy of EDXRD as a non-destructive characterization tool in elucidating system-level phenomena for batteries.

ANALYSIS OF COPPER COINS BY EDXRF TECHNIQUE

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. RAUTRAY ◽  
V. VIJAYAN ◽  
P. K. NAYAK ◽  
S. JENA
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Major And Trace Elements ◽  
Spectroscopic Technique ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Edxrf Technique ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Archaeological Objects

Coins are important archaeological objects that can provide useful information regarding preparation methodology and provenance. Their classification plays a fundamental role in dating historical events, in constructing trade routes and in establishing the welfare of population. Several Indian copper coins of different periods have been studied using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) spectroscopic technique. The method is rapid, efficient, multi elemental and non-destructive in nature. Concentrations of the major and trace elements like Ca , Ti , V , Cr , Mn , Fe , Co , Ni , Cu , Zn , As and Pb have been estimated in these copper coins. In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to characterize some Indian copper coins of different periods using EDXRF technique.

Handheld Portable Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (pXRF)

2016 ◽  
pp. 362-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Holmqvist
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Analytical Sensitivity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Destructive

Handheld portable energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometry is used for non-destructive chemical characterization of archaeological ceramics. Portable XRF can provide adequate analytical sensitivity to discriminate geochemically distinct ceramic pastes, and to identify compositional clusters that correlate with data patterns acquired by NAA or other high sensitivity techniques. However, successful non-destructive analysis of unprepared inhomogeneous ceramic samples requires matrix-defined scientific protocols to control matrix effects which reduce the sensitivity and precision of the instrumentation. Quantification of the measured fluorescence intensities into absolute concentration values and detection of light elements is encumbered by the lack of matrix matched calibration and proper vacuum facilities. Nevertheless, semi-quantitative values for a limited range of high Z elements can be generated. Unstandardized results are difficult to validate by others, and decreased analytical resolution of non-destructive surface analysis may disadvantage site-specific sourcing, jeopardize correct group assignments, and lead to under-interpretation of ceramic craft and production systems.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Study of Three Different Portable XRF Scanners to Assess the Soil Geochemistry of An Extensive Sample Dataset

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 2490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ynse Declercq ◽  
Nele Delbecque ◽  
Johan De Grave ◽  
Philippe De Smedt ◽  
Peter Finke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Soil Geochemistry ◽  
Portable Xrf ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Soil Database ◽  
Elemental Concentrations ◽  
Caco3 Content ◽  
Proximal Soil Sensing ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The assessment of soil elemental concentrations nowadays mainly occurs through conventional laboratory analyses. However, proximal soil sensing (PSS) techniques such as X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry are proving to reduce analysis time and costs, and thus offer a worthy alternative to laboratory analyses. Moreover, XRF scanners are non-destructive and can be directly employed in the field. Although the use of XRF for soil elemental analysis is becoming widely accepted, most previous studies were limited to one scanner, a few samples, a few elements, or a non-diverse sample database. Here, an extensive and diverse soil database was used to compare the performance of three different XRF scanners with results obtained through conventional laboratory analyses. Scanners were used in benchtop mode with built-in soil calibrations to measure the concentrations of 15 elements. Although in many samples Cu, S, P, and Mg concentrations were up to 6, 12, 13, and 5 times overestimated by XRF, and empirical recalibration is recommended, all scanners produced acceptable results, even for lighter elements. Unexpectedly, XRF performance did not seem to depend on soil characteristics such as CaCO3 content. While performances will be worse when expanding to the field, our results show that XRF can easily be applied by non-experts to measure soil elemental concentrations reliably in widely different environments.

A background correction for energy-dispersive X-ray analysis of thin sections

1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Sherry ◽  
John B. Vander Sande
Keyword(s):  
Background Correction ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
X Ray
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