scholarly journals Rare Earth Elements and Sr Isotope Ratios of Large Apatite Crystals in Ghareh Bagh Mica Mine, NW Iran: Tracing for Petrogenesis and Mineralization

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 833
Author(s):  
Narges Daneshvar ◽  
Hossein Azizi ◽  
Yoshihiro Asahara ◽  
Motohiro Tsuboi ◽  
Mahdi Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Alkali Feldspar ◽  
Sr Isotope ◽  
Nw Iran ◽  
Apatite Crystals ◽  
Type Granite ◽  
Alteration Minerals ◽  
Ree Pattern

The 320 Ma Ghareh Bagh mica mine is the only active mica mine in northwest Iran, and hosts Mg-bearing biotite (phlogopite) with apatite, epidote, and calcite. Chemical investigation of apatite infers the high abundances of the rare earth elements (REEs up to 5619 ppm), higher ratios of the LREE/HREE ((La/Yb)N = 28.5–36.7)) and high content of Y (236–497 ppm). REE pattern in the apatite and host A-type granite is almost the same. Ghareh Bagh apatite formed from the early magmatic-hydrothermal exsolved fluids at the high temperature from the Ghushchi alkali feldspar granite. The apatite crystals came up as suspension grains and precipitated in the brecciated zone. The early magmatic-hydrothermal fluids settle phlogopite, epidote, chlorite, K-feldspar and albite down in the brecciation zone. Due to the precipitation of these minerals, the late-stage fluids with low contents of Na+, Ca2+ and REE affected the early stage of alteration minerals. The high ratios of 87Sr/86Sr (0.70917 to 0.70950) are more consistent with crustal sources for the apatite large crystals. The same ages (320 Ma) for both brecciated mica veins and host alkali feldspar granites infer the apatite and paragenesis minerals were related to host granite A-type granite in the Ghareh Bagh area.

S-type granite formation in the Dalradian rocks of Connemara, W. Ireland

1990 ◽  
Vol 54 (374) ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Ahmed-Said ◽  
B. E. Leake
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Partial Melting ◽  
Fission Track ◽  
Sr Isotope ◽  
Crustal Rocks ◽  
Granite Formation ◽  
Type Granite ◽  
Gabbroic Intrusion ◽  
Detailed Picture

AbstractThe vicinity of the 490 Ma Cashel gabbroic intrusion experienced pressures of about 4.05 ± 0.2 kbar and temperatures in excess of 850 °C. These conditions caused intense hornfelsing and partial melting of the surrounding Dalradian metasediments. From the study of the progressively changed composition of the aureole hornfelses it is deduced that elements were fractionated into the melts as follows: Si>K>Na>Ca>Mn>Al>Fe>Mg and Rb>Ba>Sr>Ga>Cr,Ni,Co. This order of fractionation, which is the opposite to that in magmatic crystallization, provides a detailed picture of the mode of interaction between a mantle derived basic magma and mid-crustal rocks, illustrating how one type of S-type granite can be produced. The rare earth elements (REE) were both removed and fractionated but Eu largely remained in the crystal fractions giving increasing positive Eu anomalies with rising partial melting and these trends can be explained by the extraction of a granitic melt from the hornfelses. Fission track mapping of U is used to study the behaviour of U within the aureole and the metamorphic recrystallization of detrital brown zircon to pink new zircon. The S-type Cashel microgranite sill is shown to have been derived by anatexis from the Dalradian rocks, to have preserved the Sr isotope ratios of the metasediments at 490 Ma, and not to be of the same composition as the leucosomes in the metasediments.

scholarly journals Petrography, geochemistry and Sm-Nd isotopes of the granites from eastern of the Tapajós Domain, Pará state

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávio Robson Dias Semblano ◽  
◽  
Moacir José Buenano Macambira ◽  
Marcelo Lacerda Vasquez ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Alkali Feldspar ◽  
Eu Anomaly ◽  
High K ◽  
Amazonian Craton ◽  
Heavy Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Type Granite ◽  
Archean Crust ◽  
Intrusive Suite

ABSTRACT: The Tapajós Domain, located in the southern portion of the Amazonian Craton, is a tectonic domain of the Tapajós-Parima Province, a Paleoproterozoic orogenic belt adjacent to a reworked Archean crust, the Central Amazonian Province. This domain has been interpreted as the product of an assemblage of successive magmatic arcs followed by post-orogenic A-type magmatism formed ca. 1880 Ma-old granites of the Maloquinha Intrusive Suite. The study presented here was carried out in four granitic bodies of this suite (Igarapé Tabuleiro, Dalpaiz, Mamoal and Serra Alta) from the eastern part of the Tapajós Domain, as well as an I-type granite (Igarapé Salustiano) related to the Parauari Intrusive Suite. The A-type granites are syenogranites and monzogranites, and alkali feldspar granites and quartz syenites occur subordinately. These rocks are ferroan, alkalic-calcic to alkalic and dominantly peraluminous, with negative anomalies of Ba, Sr, P and Ti and high rare earth elements (REE) contents with pronounced negative Eu anomaly. This set of features is typical of A-type granites. The Igarapé Salustiano granite encompasses monzogranites and quartz monzonites, which are magnesian, calcic to calc-alkalic, high-K and mainly metaluminous, with high Ba and Sr contents and depleted pattern in high field strength elements (HFSE) and heavy rare earth elements (HREE), characteristic of I-type granites. The source of magma of these A-type granites is similar to post-collisional granites, while the I-type granite keeps syn-collisional signature. Most of the studied granites have εNd (-3.85 to -0.76) and Nd TDM model ages (2.22 to 2.46 Ga) compatible with the Paleoproterozoic crust of the Tapajós Domain. We conclude that the Archean crust source (εNd of -5.01 and Nd TDM of 2.6 Ga) was local for these A-type granites.

scholarly journals Petrography, geochemistry and age of Cerro Frontino Gabro

2015 ◽  
pp. 25-40
Author(s):  
Gabriel Rodríguez-García ◽  
Jose Gilberto Bermúdez-Cordero
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Alkali Feldspar ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Magmatic Arc ◽  
Western Cordillera ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Heavy Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Light Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Northern Segment

The Gabro de Cerro Frontino was emplaced in the Cañasgordas Block, located in the Northern Segment of the Colombian Western Cordillera. It corresponds to a pluton composed of at least three magmatic pulses, emplaced during a short period of time. Gabbros and diorites are more common in the unit than clinopiroxenites, monzodiorites and monzonites. These rocks are composed of calcic to intermediate plagioclase, augite-egerine type clinopyroxene and biotite; olivine and flogopite may be present in some mafic rocks and alkali feldspar and quartz may be present in some felsic rocks. Sphene, magnetite and apatite are common accessory minerals. The silica content in the rocks varies between 37.08% and 54.4%, with constant values of MnO (0.1% 0.4%), impoverishment of Fe2O3, MgO, CaO, TiO2 and P2O5 as SiO2 increases, and enrichment of K2O, Na2O and Al2O3 as SiO2 increases. The basic and ultrabasic rocks fall in the sub-alkaline series, the rest of the samples fall in the medium to K-rich calc-alkaline series and in the shoshonitic series. The Gabro de Cerro Frontinocorresponds to magmas impoverished on heavy rare earth elements with respect to light rare earth elements, which suggests the contribution of a subduction component in the magma genesis. The LILE (Sr, K, Rb, Pb, Ba) are enriched with respect to the HFSE values that are relatively flat and impoverished; the unit also exhibits a negative anomaly of Nb with respect to Th and Ce, being a magmatic arc the environment of generation. The ages obtained in biotite using the Ar-Ar method fall between 9.87±0.18 Ma and 11.44±0.36 Ma, Middle to upper Miocene (Tortonian-Serravallian), similar to age of other plutons that are part of the Botón Arc.

Metasomatic Processes in the Lithospheric Mantle Beneath the No. 30 Kimberlite (Wafangdian Region, North China Craton)

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren Z. Zhu ◽  
Pei Ni ◽  
Jun Y. Ding ◽  
Guo G. Wang ◽  
Ming S. Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
North China Craton ◽  
Lithospheric Mantle ◽  
North China ◽  
Compositional Data ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Mantle Metasomatism ◽  
Element Data

AbstractThis paper presents the first major and trace element compositions of mantle-derived garnet xenocrysts from the diamondiferous No. 30 kimberlite pipe in the Wafangdian region, and these are used to constrain the nature and evolution of mantle metasomatism beneath the North China Craton (NCC). The major element data were acquired using an electron probe micro-analyzer and the trace element data were obtained using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Based on Ni-in-garnet thermometry, equilibrium temperatures of 1107–1365 °C were estimated for peridotitic garnets xenocrysts from the No. 30 kimberlite, with an average temperature of 1258 °C, and pressures calculated to be between 5.0 and 7.4 GPa. In a CaO versus Cr2O3 diagram, 52% of the garnets fall in the lherzolite field and 28% in the harzburgite field; a few of the garnets are eclogitic. Based on rare earth element patterns, the lherzolitic garnets are further divided into three groups. The compositional variations in garnet xenocrysts reflect two stages of metasomatism: early carbonatite melt/fluid metasomatism and late kimberlite metasomatism. The carbonatite melt/fluids are effective at introducing Sr and the light rare earth elements, but ineffective at transporting much Zr, Ti, Y, or heavy rare earth elements. The kimberlite metasomatic agent is highly effective at element transport, introducing, e.g., Ti, Zr, Y, and the rare earth elements. Combined with compositional data for garnet inclusions in diamonds and megacrysts from the Mengyin and Wafangdian kimberlites, we suggest that these signatures reflect a two-stage evolution of the sub-continental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) beneath the NCC: (1) early-stage carbonatite melt/fluid metasomatism resulting in metasomatic modification of the SCLM and likely associated with diamond crystallization; (2) late-stage kimberlite metasomatism related to the eruption of the 465 Ma kimberlite.

Geochemical evolution of the Chatham–Grenville stock, Quebec

1985 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 872-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Denis Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Major Element ◽  
Parental Magma ◽  
Alkali Feldspar ◽  
Geochemical Evolution ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mean

The Chatham–Grenville stock is an anorogenic multiple intrusion that shows a complete gradation from early cumulate and noncumulate syenites to slightly peralkaline granites. It can be divided into four units. Unit 1, the first unit, is a noncumulate syenite with modal quartz less than 5%. Unit 2 has a wide range in composition from cumulate syenites (no modal quartz) to noncumulate syenites and quartz syenites (modal quartz = 20%). Units 3 and 4 are granites with modal quartz up to 25 and 30%, respectively. The parental magma of the whole complex was syenitic. Differentiation occurred as a result of crystal fractionation by filter pressing both at depth and in situ. Ba, Sr, Rb, and Eu abundances and major-element mass-balance calculations show that alkali feldspar, mafic minerals, and apatite were fractionated. At least 79% fractionation is necessary to transform the mean composition of the first unit (1) into the mean composition of the last unit (4). The rare-earth elements, Th, Ta, Hf, and Zr, did not behave in a residual fashion but may have been fractionated in minor accessory phases such as apatite, zircon, monazite, allanite, and xenotime.

scholarly journals Compositional Variability of Monazite–Cheralite–Huttonite Solid Solutions, Xenotime, and Uraninite in Geochemically Distinct Granites with Special Emphasis to the Strongly Fractionated Peraluminous Li–F–P-Rich Podlesí Granite System (Erzgebirge/Krušné Hory Mts., Central Europe)

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Karel Breiter ◽  
Hans-Jürgen Förster
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Heavy Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Compositional Variability ◽  
Variscan Granites ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Ree Pattern ◽  
Highly Evolved ◽  
Comprehensive Study

A comprehensive study of monazite–cheralite–huttonite solid solutions (s.s.) and xenotime from the highly evolved, strongly peraluminous P–F–Li-rich Podlesí granite stock in the Krušné Hory Mts., Czech Republic, indicates that, with the increasing degree of magmatic and high-T early post-magmatic evolution, the content of the cheralite component in monazite increases and the relative dominance of middle rare earth elements (MREE) in xenotime becomes larger. Considering the overall compositional signatures of these two accessory minerals in the late Variscan granites of the Erzgebirge/Krušné Hory Mts., three types of granites can be distinguished: (i) chemically less evolved F-poor S(I)- and A-type granites contain monazite with a smooth, mostly symmetric chondrite-normalized (CN) rare-earth elements (REE) pattern gradually declining from La to Gd; associated xenotime is Y-rich (˃0.8 apfu Y) with a flat MREE–HREE (heavy rare earth elements) pattern; (ii) fractionated A-type granites typically contain La-depleted monazite with Th accommodated as the huttonite component, combined with usually Y-poor (0.4–0.6 apfu Y) xenotime characterized by a smoothly inclining, Yb–Lu-dominant CN-REE pattern; (iii) fractionated peraluminous Li-mica granites host monazite with a flat, asymmetric (kinked at La and Nd) CN-LREE pattern, with associated xenotime distinctly MREE (Gd–Tb–Dy)-dominant. Monazite and xenotime account for the bulk of the REE budgets in all types of granite. In peraluminous S(I)-type granites, which do not bear thorite, almost all Th is accommodated in monazite–cheralite s.s. In contrast, Th budgets in A-type granites are accounted for by monazite–huttonite s.s. together with thorite. The largest portion of U is accommodated in uraninite, if present.

scholarly journals The ‘europium anomaly’ in plants: facts and fiction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Pourret ◽  
Antony van der Ent ◽  
Andrew Hursthouse ◽  
Dasapta Irawan ◽  
Haiyan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Soil Systems ◽  
Eu Anomaly ◽  
Interference Correction ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Fair Principles ◽  
Preferential Uptake ◽  
Ree Pattern

Rare earth elements (REEs) and normalized REE pattern determined in plant and soil samples represent powerful tools to trace biogeochemical processes during weathering, soil genesis and processes in the rhizosphere, and thus publications reporting rare earth elements and normalized REE pattern in soil systems and plants are increasing rapidly. Generally, a normalized REE pattern allow for the recognition of an anomalous concentrations of an individual REE. In the literature anomalies are predominantly reported/focused for/on the redox-sensitive elements cerium (Ce) and europium (Eu) that can shift their oxidation state during interactions with organic and inorganic soil phases and biological processes affecting the elements’ mobility in soil and uptake by plants. Thus positive Eu anomalies in plants are often interpreted as a consequence of reduction of Eu3+ to Eu2+ in the rhizosphere followed by a preferential uptake of Eu2+. However, due to an analytical artefact in ICP-MS analysis, a false Eu anomaly may be reported. This can be avoided by using a barium (Ba) interference correction. We draw attention to the possibility of this problem and to being aware of potential occurrence when Eu anomalies are reported. Finally, we recommend (i) including information on how this potential problem was dealt with in the Materials and Methods section of articles and (ii) how to implement FAIR principles in the section (including data availability on an open repository).

Geochemistrical Features of Laojunshan Granite and its Evolution in East-South Yunnan, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 3375-3379
Author(s):  
Ying Shu Li ◽  
Yan Cai ◽  
Jiao Jiao Chen ◽  
Nan Chen ◽  
Lun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Continental Crust ◽  
Regional Metamorphism ◽  
Rock Body ◽  
Rock Formation ◽  
Transformation Type ◽  
Type Granite ◽  
Magma Emplacement

Laojunshan granite is located in east-south Yunnan. Study on the geology, petrochemistry, microelement and rare earth elements of the Laojunshan granite indicates that the Laojunshan granite is a complex granite, which is divided into three epoch and various metasomatism within the granite is visible. The content of titanium, iron, magnesium is low and the content of silicon, aluminium, potassium is high in the granite, reflecting the granite is a granite of saturated-aluminium series and speculating mother rock of the granite is mud, psammitic rock. Formation of the granite is related with geological development of Laojunshan area, sedimenting in form of subside in the pre-Caledonian epoch, upheavaling in the late-Caledonian epoch and arising orogeny from the Indo-Chinese epoch to the Yannshan epoch, and undergoing sedimention, regional metamorphism, migmatization, granitization and remelting magma emplacement. Because Laojunshan granite possesses features of autochthonous and parautochthonous transformation type granite, origin of Laojunshan rock body belongs to continental crust alterational and metasomatic remelting granite.

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