scholarly journals Uranium and Thorium Resources of Estonia

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 798
Author(s):  
Alvar Soesoo ◽  
Johannes Vind ◽  
Sigrid Hade
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Black Shale ◽  
Earth Element ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Elemental Distribution ◽  
Environmental Constraints ◽  
Waste Dump ◽  
Continental Scale ◽  
Icp Ms

We provide a compilation of geology of uranium and thorium potential resources in the Ordovician black shale (graptolite argillite), Cambrian–Ordovician shelly phosphorite and in the secondary resources (tailings) of Estonia. Historical and new geological, XRF and ICP-MS geochemical data and ArcGIS modeling results of elemental distribution and tonnages are presented. The Estonian black shale contains 5.666 million tons of U, 16.533 Mt Zn, 12.762 Mt Mo, 47.754 Mt V and 0.213–0.254 Mt of Th. The Estonian phosphate resources, altogether about 3 billion metric tons of phosphate ore, contain about 147,000 to 175,000 tons of U. Rare earth element concentrations in the phosphorite ore average at 1200–1500 ppm of ΣREE. Thorium can also be a possible co-product. The mining waste dump at the Maardu contains at least 3650 tons of U and 730 tons of Th. The Sillamäe radioactive waste depository contains about 1200 tons of U and 800 tons of Th. Due to the neighboring geological positions, as well as environmental constraints and mining technologies, the black shale and phosphorite can be treated as a complex multi-resource, possibly at the continental scale, which needs to be extracted together.

Lithospheric roots beneath western Laurentia: the geochemical signal in mantle garnets

2003 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1027-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Canil ◽  
D J Schulze ◽  
D Hall ◽  
B C Hearn Jr. ◽  
S M Milliken
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
North America ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Earth Element ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Trace Element Data ◽  
Mantle Lithosphere ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Wyoming Province ◽  
Thick Mantle

This study presents major and trace element data for 243 mantle garnet xenocrysts from six kimberlites in parts of western North America. The geochemical data for the garnet xenocrysts are used to infer the composition, thickness, and tectonothermal affinity of the mantle lithosphere beneath western Laurentia at the time of kimberlite eruption. The garnets record temperatures between 800 and 1450°C using Ni-in-garnet thermometry and represent mainly lherzolitic mantle lithosphere sampled over an interval from about 110–260 km depth. Garnets with sinuous rare-earth element patterns, high Sr, and high Sc/V occur mainly at shallow depths and occur almost exclusively in kimberlites interpreted to have sampled Archean mantle lithosphere beneath the Wyoming Province in Laurentia, and are notably absent in garnets from kimberlites erupting through the Proterozoic Yavapai Mazatzal and Trans-Hudson provinces. The similarities in depths of equilibration, but differing geochemical patterns in garnets from the Cross kimberlite (southeastern British Columbia) compared to kimberlites in the Wyoming Province argue for post-Archean replacement and (or) modification of mantle beneath the Archean Hearne Province. Convective removal of mantle lithosphere beneath the Archean Hearne Province in a "tectonic vise" during the Proterozoic terminal collisions that formed Laurentia either did not occur, or was followed by replacement of thick mantle lithosphere that was sampled by kimberlite in the Triassic, and is still observed there seismically today.

scholarly journals A User‐Friendly Workbook to Facilitate Rapid and Accurate Rare Earth Element Analyses by ICP‐MS for Multispiked Samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Wu ◽  
L. D. Pena ◽  
S. L. Goldstein ◽  
C. Basak ◽  
L. L. Bolge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Element ◽  
Earth Element ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
User Friendly

Rare earth element determination in heavy crude oil by USN-ICP-MS after digestion using a microwave-assisted single reaction chamber

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1185-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel T. Druzian ◽  
Leticia S. F. Pereira ◽  
Paola A. Mello ◽  
Marcia F. Mesko ◽  
Fabio A. Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Rare Earth Element ◽  
Earth Element ◽  
Reaction Chamber ◽  
Heavy Crude Oil ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Heavy Crude ◽  
Single Reaction

In this work a method for rare earth element (REE) determination by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was proposed after heavy crude oil digestion by microwave-assisted wet digestion (MAWD) using a single reaction chamber (SRC) system.

scholarly journals Mineralogical and geochemical characterisation of the Kipawa syenite complex, Quebec: implications for rare-earth element deposits

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Matte ◽  
M Constantin ◽  
R Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Element ◽  
Earth Element ◽  
Crustal Contamination ◽  
Hydrothermal Activity ◽  
Trace Element Geochemistry ◽  
Element Geochemistry ◽  
Gneissic Granite ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Regional Tectonic

The Kipawa rare-earth element (REE) deposit is located in the Parautochton zone of the Grenville Province 55 km south of the boundary with the Superior Province. The deposit is part of the Kipawa syenite complex of peralkaline syenites, gneisses, and amphibolites that are intercalated with calc-silicate rocks and marbles overlain by a peralkaline gneissic granite. The REE deposit is principally composed of eudialyte, mosandrite and britholite, and less abundant minerals such as xenotime, monazite or euxenite. The Kipawa Complex outcrops as a series of thin, folded sheet imbricates located between regional metasediments, suggesting a regional tectonic control. Several hypotheses for the origin of the complex have been suggested: crustal contamination of mantle-derived magmas, crustal melting, fluid alteration, metamorphism, and hydrothermal activity. Our objective is to characterize the mineralogical, geochemical, and isotopic composition of the Kipawa complex in order to improve our understanding of the formation and the post-formation processes, and the age of the complex. The complex has been deformed and metamorphosed with evidence of melting-recrystallization textures among REE and Zr rich magmatic and post magmatic minerals. Major and trace element geochemistry obtained by ICP-MS suggest that syenites, granites and monzonite of the complex have within-plate A2 type anorogenic signatures, and our analyses indicate a strong crustal signature based on TIMS whole rock Nd isotopes. We have analyzed zircon grains by SEM, EPMA, ICP-MS and MC-ICP-MS coupled with laser ablation (Lu-Hf). Initial isotopic results also support a strong crustal signature. Taken together, these results suggest that alkaline magmas of the Kipawa complex/deposit could have formed by partial melting of the mantle followed by strong crustal contamination or by melting of metasomatized continental crust. These processes and origins strongly differ compare to most alkaline complexes in the world. Additional TIMS and LA-MC-ICP-MS analyses are planned to investigate whether all lithologies share the same strong crustal signature.

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