scholarly journals Geological Prospection of Placer Chromium Deposits in the Waropen Regency—Indonesia (New Guinea) Using the Method of Indicator Minerals

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Karol Zglinicki ◽  
Paweł Kosiński ◽  
Adam Piestrzyński ◽  
Krzysztof Szamałek
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Base Metals ◽  
Mantle Zone ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Parent Rocks ◽  
Indicator Minerals ◽  
Source Of Information

Indicator minerals (IM) have been used in the research of gemstone and base metals for over 100 years. IMs are a main source of information about the occurrence of deposits, hydrothermal and weathering changes, as well as bedrock source and type. Since 2013, base metal mineral exploration has taken place on New Guinea Island (the Indonesian part). The analysis of chromian spinels as IM in beach and river sediments led to the discovery of rich chromian-bearing deposits in the Botawa River sediments. The dominant detrital minerals include chromian spinels, olivine, pyroxenes and serpentine. The source of chromian spinels, olivine and pyroxenes are most likely peridotites from the Earth’s mantle zone of the ophiolite series, generated under supra-subduction conditions. The terrigenous deposits contain metamorphic minerals, such as staurolites, andalusites, epidotes, amphiboles and fragments of micas, quartz and chlorite schists. Using ICP-MS analysis of the beach sands, the concentration of Cr2O3 was determined to be at the level of 1.17%, while in the heavy minerals concentrate from the Botawa River sediment, the content of Cr2O3 amounts to 24.83%. The authors conclude that the west parts of the Van Rees Mountains are the probable parent rocks for chromium-bearing sediments.

scholarly journals New methods in provenance studies based on heavy minerals: an example from Miocene sands in Jylland, Denmark

2005 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Knudsen ◽  
Dirk Frei ◽  
Thomas Rasmussen ◽  
Erik S. Rasmussen ◽  
Roger McLimans
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Compositional Variation ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
Cost Efficient

New techniques using Computer Controlled Scanning Electron Microscopy (CCSEM) and Laser Ablation – Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectroscopy (LA-ICP-MS) have recently been developed at the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) to determine source, compositional variation and sedimentary pathways of sandstones. These new time- and cost-efficient methods are highly applicable in petroleum and mineral exploration. This paper illustrates how the provenance and variability of Miocene titanium-rich sands in western and central Jylland have been investigated, but the methods are presently also used offshore the Faroe Islands and in East and West Greenland. CCSEM and LA-ICP-MS utilise simple sample preparation methods, are relatively rapid and less expensive than conventional methods and yield more information.

Micrometer-Resolved Binding of Lead to Iron in Urban River Sediments

2004 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastien Rauch ◽  
Gregory M. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Multi Element Analysis

Recent developments in laser microprobes and the coupling of laser ablation (LA) to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has opened up the possibility for detailed analysis of individual sediment grains and the elucidation of metal association with bulk elements and phases. Here, LA–ICP-MS is used for the micrometer-resolved, multi-element analysis of Pb and bulk elements such as Fe, Mg, Al, and Si. Normalized Pb signals show a clear association to Fe coatings at the surface of the particles.

scholarly journals Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Analyses of Heavy Minerals and Heavy Elements in River Sediments of Kyushu for Constructing a Forensic Soil Database

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko HIROKAWA ◽  
Issei MAEDA ◽  
Shunsuke FURUYA ◽  
Yoshinari ABE ◽  
Keiichi OSAKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Heavy Elements ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Soil Database

scholarly journals Characterization of the Heavy Mineral Suite in a Holocene Beach Placer, Barrytown, New Zealand

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Hannah C. Wells ◽  
Richard G. Haverkamp
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Density Fractions ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ore Minerals ◽  
Grain Size Distributions ◽  
Elemental Associations

The placer deposit at Barrytown, New Zealand, has been worked for gold and is known for high levels of ilmenite that has not been exploited. Other heavy minerals are present but have not been well characterized, which is the purpose of this research. Sand grains were separated into the density fractions and the heavier fractions analyzed by laser ablation ICP-MS for elemental composition and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) EDS in whole grains and polished sections. Grain size distributions were determined from SEM images of polished grain mounts. Elemental associations have been identified with different minerals. A wide range of ore minerals, or potential useful industrial minerals, have been shown to be present largely as individual sand grains. These include gold, ilmenite, garnet, zircon, monazite, allanite, uraninite, thorite, cassiterite, wolframite, scheelite, and columbite. The ilmenite contains many inclusions, consisting of silicates and phosphates and 100–400 ppm Nb. Scandium is found to be present in zircon at 100–600 ppm along with 3000 ppm Y. Monazite is depleted in Eu relative to chondrite and contains Ga and Ge at 1000–3000 ppm. Because the sand grains are mostly individual minerals, it is suggested that separation may be possible using a combination of density, electrostatic and magnetic methods to obtain almost pure mineral fractions. This knowledge should inform decisions on potential exploitation of the resource.

scholarly journals Genesis of Pyrite Concretions: Constraints from Mineral and Geochemical Features of Longtan Formation in Anhui Province, Eastern China

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Qing He ◽  
Yanfei An ◽  
Fangji Sun ◽  
Chunkit Lai
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Intense Evaporation ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Major Shift

The occurrence of pyrite concretions in the Permian Longtan Formation sheds light on the paragenesis, formation conditions and regional paleoenvironment. We analyzed the mineral and geochemical characteristics of pyrite concretions using scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) from the Longtan Formation shales in Anhui, Eastern China. These pyrite concretions consist of two types, each with a distinct nucleus and outer layer: The former is mainly made up of quartz, bivalve fragments and minor gypsum, ankerite, siderite and pyrite, the latter consists of pyrite (FeS2) in the voids of quartz. Based on the correlation matrix and geochemical/mineralogical affinity, trace elements in the pyrite concretions fall into three groups, that is, I (Sr, Ba, Rb and K) in calcic minerals from bivalve-bearing nucleus, II (Nb, Ta, Zr and Hf) in certain heavy minerals and III (V, Cr, Co and Ni) in pyrites. Mineral assemblage and paragenetic analysis show that the formation of pyrite concretions can be divided into three stages: (1) deposition of bivalve-bearing nucleus, (2) lithification of diatoms and (3) diagenesis of pyrite. Mineral and geochemical indicators suggest that the formation environment of pyrite concretions has undergone a major shift from lagoon with intense evaporation, to strong reducing marsh.

Trace elements in native gold by solution ICP-MS and their use in mineral exploration: A British Columbia example

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 1076-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marty McInnes ◽  
John D. Greenough ◽  
Brian J. Fryer ◽  
Ron Wells
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Native Gold ◽  
Mineral Exploration ◽  
Icp Ms

scholarly journals River response to climate and sea level changes during the Late Saalian/Early Eemian in northern Poland – a case study of meandering river deposits in the Chłapowo cliff section

Geologos ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Damian Moskalewicz ◽  
Robert J. Sokołowski ◽  
Stanisław Fedorowicz
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
River Sediments ◽  
Luminescence Dating ◽  
Heavy Minerals ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Point Bar ◽  
Meandering River ◽  
Base Level ◽  
River Deposits ◽  
And Sea Level

Abstract Fluvial sediments in the Chłapowo cliff section were studied in order to reconstruct their palaeoflow conditions and stratigraphical position. Lithofacies, textural and palaeohydraulic analyses as well as luminescence dating were performed so as to achieve the aim of study. Sedimentary successions were identified as a record of point bar cycles. The fluvial environment probably functioned during the latest Saalian, shortly after the retreat of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet. Discharge outflow was directed to the northwest. The river used the older fluvioglacial valley and probably was directly connected to the Eem Sea. Good preservation and strong aggradation of point-bar cycles were related to a rapid relative base level rise. The meandering river sediments recognised showed responses to climate and sea level changes as illustrated by stratigraphical, morphological and sedimentological features of the strata described. The present study also revealed several insights into proper interpretation of meandering fluvial successions, in which the most important were: specific lithofacies assemblage of GSt (St, Sp) → Sl → SFrc → Fm (SFr) and related architectural elements: channel/sandy bedforms CH/SB → lateral accretion deposits LA → floodplain fines with crevasse splays FF (CS); upward-fining grain size and decreasing content of denser heavy minerals; estimated low-energy flow regime with a mean depth of 1.6–3.3 m, a Froude number of 0.2–0.4 and a sinuosity of 1.5.

scholarly journals Distribution and Dispersion of Heavy Metals in the Rock–soil–moss System in Areas Covered by Black Shale in the Southeast of Guizhou Province, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyuan Xu ◽  
Ruidong Yang ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Lei Gao ◽  
Xinran Ni
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Black Shale ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Black Shales ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Parent Rocks ◽  
Exclusion Mechanism ◽  
Positive Correlations

Abstract Black shales are easily exposed duo to human activities such as mining, road construction, and shale gas development, which results in several environmental issues including heavy metals (HMs) pollution, soil erosion and the destruction of vegetation. Moss are widely used to monitor metal pollution in the atmosphere, but few studies on the distribution and dispersion of HMs in the rock – soil – moss system are available. Here, mosses (P. flexuosa Harv), growing soils, and corresponding parent rocks were collected from black shale areas. After appropriate pretreatment, samples were analyzed for multiple elements concentration by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. The results show that black shales parent rocks have elevated HMs concentration, and act as a source of multiple metals. Soil significantly inherit and accumulate heavy metals released from black shale. Significant positive correlations between HMs in P. flexuosa Harv and the growing soils indicate that HMs are mainly originating from geological source rather than atmospheric deposition. Compared with other elements, only the transfer factor (TF) of Cd is greater than 1, the normal functioning of mineral elements (K and Zn) absorption and transportation may contribute to its high tolerance to Cd. Finally, both the BCF and TF for most HMs in P. flexuosa Harv are less than 1, indicated that it has a tolerance and exclusion mechanism for these metals. Therefore, the luxuriant and spontaneous growth of P. flexuosa Harv could be used as a phytostabilization pioneer plant in the black shale outcrop where vascular plants are rare.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Pollution and Mobility in Soils within a Landfill Vicinity: A South African Case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1286-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Mwihaki Nyika ◽  
Ednah Kwamboka Onyari ◽  
Megersa Olumana Dinka ◽  
Shivani Bhardwaj Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Parent Rocks ◽  
High Concentrations

Heavy metal contamination in soils results from anthropogenic and lithologic factors and is a potential hazard to land and water resources. Sources of such pollution include landfills, domestic sewage, agricultural fertilisers and industries. In this work, soils from Roundhill landfill vicinity in South Africa were sampled and analyzed to determine the concentrations of particular heavy metals, namely As, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, V and Zn. The main objectives of this work were to: quantify the concentration levels of heavy metals in the soil; determine the mobility of the heavy metals in the soil; and establish their origins and interrelationships. The soils were collected at various distances and depths from the landfill facility. The concentrations of heavy metals in the soil samples were analysed by ICP-MS and statistical analysis was carried out to establish their relationships and sources. From the analysis, some elements including Cr, Mn, Cu and Ni had measured concentrations beyond the threshold limits in most sampling sites irrespective of their distance and depth from the landfill vicinity. Conversely, some elements were observed to be immobile and had higher concentrations on the top soils closer to the landfill, such as As, Pb, Zn, Co and V. Iron (Fe) had high concentrations in all the sampling sites due to its natural occurrence in the parent rocks. In conclusion, the potential of soil quality deterioration due to heavy metal pollution in a landfill vicinity was observed. Furthermore, all heavy metals observed showed positive correlation to each other except for As and Co, indicating same origin.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document