scholarly journals Editorial for the Special Issue “Parasitic Diseases from Wild Animals with an Emphasis on Zoonotic Infections”

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2267
Author(s):  
María Teresa Gómez-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
Zoonotic Infections ◽  
Zoonotic Parasites

The present Editorial intends to briefly describe the findings published in the Special Issue, “Parasitic diseases from wild animals with an emphasis on zoonotic infections”. Prevalence data or diagnostic techniques were the focus of several zoonotic parasites transmitted from wildlife, including the protozoa Toxoplasma, Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Blastocystis and Leishmania, and the helminths Echinococcus and Anisakis.

scholarly journals Animal sales from Wuhan wet markets immediately prior to the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Xiao ◽  
Chris Newman ◽  
Christina D. Buesching ◽  
David W. Macdonald ◽  
Zhao-Min Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Protected Species ◽  
Zoonotic Infections ◽  
Global Biodiversity ◽  
Poor Welfare

AbstractHere we document 47,381 individuals from 38 species, including 31 protected species sold between May 2017 and November 2019 in Wuhan’s markets. We note that no pangolins (or bats) were traded, supporting reformed opinion that pangolins were not likely the spillover host at the source of the current coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. While we caution against the misattribution of COVID-19’s origins, the wild animals on sale in Wuhan suffered poor welfare and hygiene conditions and we detail a range of other zoonotic infections they can potentially vector. Nevertheless, in a precautionary response to COVID-19, China’s Ministries temporarily banned all wildlife trade on 26th Jan 2020 until the COVID-19 pandemic concludes, and permanently banned eating and trading terrestrial wild (non-livestock) animals for food on 24th Feb 2020. These interventions, intended to protect human health, redress previous trading and enforcement inconsistencies, and will have collateral benefits for global biodiversity conservation and animal welfare.

scholarly journals Introduction to the Special Issue: Assessing the Environmental Adaptation of Wildlife and Production Animals: Applications of Physiological Indices and Welfare Assessment Tools

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2280
Author(s):  
Edward Narayan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Environmental Adaptation ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Welfare Assessment ◽  
Farm Production ◽  
Physiological Indices ◽  
Human Care ◽  
Production Animals

Wild animals under human care as well as domesticated farm production animals are often exposed to environmental changes (e [...]

scholarly journals Glasgow encounters with tropical diseases

Parasitology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 144 (12) ◽  
pp. 1561-1566
Author(s):  
FRANCIS E. G. COX
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Sleeping Sickness ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
African Sleeping Sickness ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
The Tropics

SUMMARYThe period 1875–1925 was remarkable in the history of parasitology mainly for the elucidation of the life cycles of parasites causing important parasitic diseases and the incrimination of vectors in their transmission. These discoveries were made by a small number of scientists working in the tropics a number of whom were Scots. Sir Patrick Manson, the discoverer of the mosquito transmission of filarial worms, was instrumental in directly or indirectly encouraging other Scots including Douglas Argyll-Robertson, David Blacklock, David Bruce, David Cunningham, Robert Leiper, William Leishman, George Low, Muriel Robertson and Ronald Ross, who all made significant discoveries across a wide spectrum of tropical diseases. Among these, William Leishman, Robert Leiper and Muriel Robertson were all graduates of the University of Glasgow and their achievements in the fields of leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis, dracunculiasis and African sleeping sickness, together with subsequent developments in these fields, are the subjects of the ten papers in this Special Issue of Parasitology.

scholarly journals Parasitic Diseases of Domestic and Wild Animals in Northern Kerala: A Retrospective Study based on Clinical Samples

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 2381-2392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murikoli Nimisha ◽  
R. Kariyappa Pradeep ◽  
Prashant S. Kurbet ◽  
B.M. Amrutha ◽  
Anju Varghese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Wild Animals

Zoonotic infections with filarial nematodes

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harman S. Paintal ◽  
Rajinder K. Chitkara
Keyword(s):  
Human Mobility ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Primary Host ◽  
Zoonotic Infections ◽  
Filarial Nematodes ◽  
Worldwide Web ◽  
Dna Primers

Filarial nematodes have been known to cause human disease for many centuries. Lymphatic filariasis is a common disease in the developing part of the world and much has been written about diagnosis and treatment of this scourge. Wuchereria , Brugia and Onchocerca (especially O. volvulus) have a wide pattern of distribution with severe morbidity. Given the years of scientific work in this field, many drugs that work against these parasites are available today and are attempting to control these infections. In this chapter, the focus is on those filarial nematodes that do not have humans as their primary host. Instead, the filarial organisms that usually parasitize other animals and cause human infection due to a variety of factors are discussed. These factors include: 1. Proximity of humans to the primary host, 2. Proximity of humans to the vector, 3. Changing ecology with introduction of different animals (both host and vector) into new environments, 4. Increasing human mobility, 5. Special scenarios concerning humans, including altered immune function (immunosuppressed due to drugs, auto-immune illness, immunosuppressive diseases), There has been a recent interest in this field because newer diagnostic techniques, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, DNA primers and electron microscopy have become widespread in use. This will eventually enhance our understanding of the pathophysiology of infections with these seemingly rare filarial organisms.Much of the early work in this field was done in a few specialized centers. As information about these parasites (through the worldwide web) and diagnostic techniques are now widely available, it is our hope that more work regarding these nematodes will be carried out in the developing countries where these infections are common. In this chapter, we focus on Dirofi laria, Meningonema, Loaina, Dipetalonema and certain species of Onchocerca and Brugia.

FEATURES OF DISINFECTION AND DISINFECTION IN THE CENTERS OF REINTRODUCTION OF WILD ANIMALS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
P.I. Khristianovsky ◽  
◽  
I.S. Ponomareva ◽  
D.A. Grudinin ◽  
V.V. Belimenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Animal Diseases ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific Station ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Introduction and reintroduction requires the movement of different groups of animals over considerable distances. In this case, there is a risk of the spread of infectious and parasitic diseases. The current veterinary rules and requirements contain instructions on measures for the import (movement) of zoo and circus animals, but there are no instructions on animals in protected areas. This paper proposes options for disinfection and disinfestation of various objects at the points of introduction and reintroduction of animals, based on the instructions approved by the Department of Veterinary Medicine of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation. The work was carried out in connection with the need to develop recommendations to prevent the spread of infectious and invasive animal diseases, including anthropozoonoses, on the territory of the steppe scientific station of the Steppe Institute of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences «Orenburg Tarpania».

scholarly journals Introduction: A Special Issue on Cellular Biology of Protozoan Parasites

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 511-512
Author(s):  
Roberto Docampo
Keyword(s):  
Human Population ◽  
Cellular Biology ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Protozoan Parasites

It is estimated that more than half of the human population, plus a much greater number of domestic and wild animals, suffer from parasitic infections. The magnitude of the problem can be illustrated by estimates of more than 100 million cases and 1 million deaths each year from malaria alone.

scholarly journals Dioctophyme renale (Nematoda: Dioctophymatidae) in Leopardus geoffroyi (Carnivora: Felidae) in the Neotropical region

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maira Aparecida Christello Trindade ◽  
Marcia Raquel Pegoraro de Macedo ◽  
Gertrud Muller
Keyword(s):  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Wild Carnivores ◽  
Wild Felid ◽  
First Time

Abstract Parasitic diseases affecting wild carnivores remain largely unknown or poorly described. Dioctophymosis is a parasitosis caused by the nematode Dioctophyme renale that is found worldwide. It affects domestic and wild animals and has been reported frequently in Brazil. This paper reports dioctophymosis in a wild felid for the first time.

scholarly journals Conditions affecting the timing and magnitude of Hendra virus shedding across pteropodid bat populations in Australia

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (15) ◽  
pp. 3143-3153 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. PÁEZ ◽  
J. GILES ◽  
H. MCCALLUM ◽  
H. FIELD ◽  
D. JORDAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scale Effects ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Hendra Virus ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
Periodic Signal ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
Virus Shedding ◽  
Zoonotic Infections ◽  
Virus Prevalence ◽  
Infection Dynamics

SUMMARYUnderstanding infection dynamics in animal hosts is fundamental to managing spillover and emergence of zoonotic infections. Hendra virus is endemic in Australian pteropodid bat populations and can be lethal to horses and humans. However, we know little about the factors driving Hendra virus prevalence in resevoir bat populations, making spillover difficult to predict. We use Hendra virus prevalence data collected from 13 000 pooled bat urine samples across space and time to determine if pulses of prevalence are periodic and synchronized across sites. We also test whether site-specific precipitation and temperature affect the amplitude of the largest annual prevalence pulses. We found little evidence for a periodic signal in Hendra virus prevalence. Although the largest amplitude pulses tended to occur over winter, pulses could also occur in other seasons. We found that Hendra virus prevalence was weakly synchronized across sites over short distances, suggesting that prevalence is driven by local-scale effects. Finally, we found that drier conditions in previous seasons and the abundance of Pteropus alecto were positively correlated with the peak annual values of Hendra virus prevalence. Our results suggest that in addition to seasonal effects, bat density and local climatic conditions interact to drive Hendra virus infection dynamics.

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