scholarly journals Akkermansia muciniphila, a New Generation of Beneficial Microbiota in Modulating Obesity: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1098
Author(s):  
Jumana Nabil Abuqwider ◽  
Gianluigi Mauriello ◽  
Mohammad Altamimi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Akkermansia Muciniphila ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Obesity is a complex syndrome and is recognized as the ultimate pathway of many chronic diseases. Studies using Akkermansia muciniphila supplementation strategy have proved to be effective for the prevention and treatment of obesity and other metabolic disorders. Although there are studies that support the protective effect of this strategy, the effects on the prevention of obesity on humans are not clear yet and need more investigation. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of A. muciniphila administration on modulating obesity. This systematic review was generated from articles published within the last 10 years. All articles were in English and included animal subjects. The review relied on the search engines Google Scholar, Pub Med, Web of Science and Medline using the following keywords: A. muciniphila, next-generation probiotic, new-generation probiotic, obesity, fat mass, body fat and lipid profile. The search has revealed 804 articles with relevant key words. After the exclusion of irrelevant articles, 10 studies were selected based on the criteria. These studies were randomized controlled trials that have shown that A. muciniphila modulates obesity by regulating metabolism and energy hemostasis and improving insulin sensitivity and glucose hemostasis. In addition, studies showed this microorganism enhances low grade inflammation by different mechanisms.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND FOLLOW-UP OF BARRETT’S ESOPHAGUS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-295
Author(s):  
José Roberto ALVES ◽  
Fabrissio Portelinha GRAFFUNDER ◽  
João Vitor Ternes RECH ◽  
Caique Martins Pereira TERNES ◽  
Iago KOERICH-SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Barrett’S Esophagus ◽  
Barrett's Esophagus ◽  
Endoscopic Surveillance ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Mesh Terms

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Barrett’s esophagus (BE) is a premalignant condition that raises controversy among general practitioners and specialists, especially regarding its diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up protocols. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aims to present the particularities and to clarify controversies related to the diagnosis, treatment and surveillance of BE. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane, and SciELO based on articles published in the last 10 years. PRISMA guidelines were followed and the search was made using MeSH and non-MeSH terms “Barrett” and “diagnosis or treatment or therapy or surveillance”. We searched for complete randomized controlled clinical trials or Phase IV studies, carried out with individuals over 18 years old. RESULTS: A total of 42 randomized controlled trials were selected after applying all inclusion and exclusion criteria. A growing trend of alternative and safer techniques to traditional upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were identified, which could improve the detection of BE and patient acceptance. The use of chromoendoscopy-guided biopsy protocols significantly reduced the number of biopsies required to maintain similar BE detection rates. Furthermore, the value of BE chemoprophylaxis with esomeprazole and acetylsalicylic acid was relevant, as well as the establishment of protocols for the follow-up and endoscopic surveillance of patients with BE based predominantly on the presence and degree of dysplasia, as well as on the length of the follow-up affected by BE. CONCLUSION: Although further studies regarding the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of BE are warranted, in light of the best evidence presented in the last decade, there is a trend towards electronic chromoendoscopy-guided biopsies for the diagnosis of BE, while treatment should encompass endoscopic techniques such as radiofrequency ablation. Risks of ablative endoscopic methods should be weighted against those of resective surgery. It is also important to consider lifetime endoscopic follow-up for both short and long term BE patients, with consideration to limitations imposed by a range of comorbidities. Unfortunately, there are no randomized controlled trials that have evaluated which is the best recommendation for BE follow-up and endoscopic surveillance (>1 cm) protocols, however, based on current International Guidelines, it is recommended esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) every 5 years in BE without dysplasia with 1 up to 3 cm of extension; every 3 years in BE without dysplasia with >3 up to 10 cm of extension, every 6 to 12 months in BE with low grade dysplasia and, finally, EGD every 3 months after ablative endoscopic therapy in cases of BE with high grade dysplasia.

scholarly journals Probiotics, Pre-biotics and Synbiotics in the Treatment of Pre-diabetes: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Wang ◽  
Jiao Yang ◽  
Xianliang Qiu ◽  
Qing Wen ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Objectives: This study aimed to review the data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and identify evidence for microbiota's role and use of probiotics, pre-biotics, or synbiotics in pre-diabetes.Methods: RCTs of pro-, pre-, synbiotics for the treatment of pre-diabetes population will be summarized. We searched for EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, Clinical Trials (ClinicalTrials.gov) from inception to February 2021.Results: The gut microbiota influences host metabolic disorders via the modulation of metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the endotoxin lipopolysaccharides (LPS), bile acids (BA) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), as well as mediating the interaction between the gastrointestinal system and other organs. Due to the limited sources of studies, inconsistent outcomes between included studies. Probiotics can decrease glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and have the potential to improve post-load glucose levels. The supplementation of probiotics can suppress the rise of blood cholesterol, but the improvement cannot be verified. Pre-biotics are failed to show an evident improvement in glycemic control, but their use caused the changes in the composition of gut microbiota. A combination of probiotics and pre-biotics in the synbiotics supplementation is more effective than probiotics alone in glycemic control.Conclusion: In the current studies using probiotics, pre-biotics or synbiotics for the treatment of pre-diabetes, the benefits of modulating the abundance of gut microbiota were partially demonstrated. However, there is insufficient evidence to show significant benefits on glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism and body composition.

scholarly journals The Effect of Inflammation and Insulin Resistance on Lipid and Lipoprotein Responsiveness to Dietary Intervention

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina S Petersen ◽  
Kate J Bowen ◽  
Alyssa M Tindall ◽  
Valerie K Sullivan ◽  
Emily A Johnston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

ABSTRACT Lipids and lipoproteins are major targets for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. Findings from a limited number of clinical trials suggest diet-induced atherogenic lipoprotein lowering can be altered in the presence of chronic low-grade inflammation or insulin resistance. This review summarizes results from randomized controlled trials that have examined diet-induced changes in lipids/lipoproteins by inflammatory or insulin sensitivity status. In addition, mechanisms to explain these clinical observations are explored. Post hoc analyses of data from a limited number of randomized controlled trials suggest attenuation of diet-induced lipid/lipoprotein lowering in individuals with inflammation and/or insulin resistance. These findings are supported by experimental studies showing that inflammatory stimuli and hyperinsulinemia alter genes involved in endogenous cholesterol synthesis and cholesterol uptake, reduce cholesterol efflux, and increase fatty acid biosynthesis. Further a priori defined research is required to better characterize how chronic low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance modulate lipid and lipoprotein responsiveness to guide CVD risk reduction in individuals presenting with these phenotypes.

scholarly journals Mindfulness for patients with rheumatoid arthritis: systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e2610212047
Author(s):  
Ledjane Neves Oliveira ◽  
André Telis de Vilela Araújo ◽  
João Nelson Rodrigues Branco ◽  
João Carlos Marchiori de Claudio ◽  
Jeanne Liliane Marlene Michel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness as a complementary therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Method: Protocol numbered CRD42017080108 on the PROSPERO platform. Manual searches and the Cochrane Collation assessment instrument were performed for systematic reviews in the databases CENTRAL, MEDLINE, PEDro, PsycoINFO, LILACS, Web of Science, clinical trials.gov, WHO-ICTRP and Open Gray. Randomized controlled trials were included without language restrictions or mindfulness temporality compared to placebo, psychotherapy or another equivalent strategy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Results: Four primary studies included (249 participants), which compared mindfulness with waiting lists, cognitive therapy and education. They presented better scores of disease activities, depressive symptoms, psychological distress, well-being, pain catastrophization, although they were classified as having a high risk of occurrence in at least one domain of the instrument used, presenting the need for robust clinical trials, proving the effectiveness of mindfulness in clinical practice. Conclusions: Beneficial effects of mindfulness in patients with rheumatoid arthritis are shown to present important results of changes in outcomes that affect the biopsychosocial dimensions in patients with. However, the evidence from the studies evaluated is of low quality, making it difficult to recommend intervention in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Mindfulness training and systemic low-grade inflammation in stressed community adults: Evidence from two randomized controlled trials

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. e0219120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniella K. Villalba ◽  
Emily K. Lindsay ◽  
Anna L. Marsland ◽  
Carol M. Greco ◽  
Shinzen Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Mindfulness Training ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Pump Techniques and Pompages: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4150
Author(s):  
Carla Vanti ◽  
Matteo Golfari ◽  
Giacomo Pellegrini ◽  
Alice Panizzolo ◽  
Luca Turone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Length Of Hospitalization

Background: Osteopathic manual procedures called pump techniques include thoracic, abdominal, and pedal pumps. Similar techniques, called pompages, are also addressed to joints and muscles. Despite their widespread use, no systematic review has been published on their effectiveness. (2) Methods: CINAHL, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, ISI Web of Science, PEDro, PubMed, and Scopus databases were searched until July 2020. Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) on adults were included. Subjective (e.g., pain, physical function) and objective (e.g., pulmonary function, blood collection) outcomes were considered. The Risk of Bias tool (RoB 2) and the GRADE instrument were used to evaluate the quality of evidence. (3) Results: 25 RCTs were included: 20 concerning the pump techniques and five concerning pompages. Due to the extensive heterogeneity of such studies, it was not possible to perform a meta-analysis. The risk of bias resulted from moderate to high and the quality of the evidence was from very low to high. Singular studies suggested some effectiveness of pump techniques on pain and length of hospitalization. Pompage seems also to help improve walking distance and balance. (4) Conclusions: Although several studies have been published on manual pump techniques, the differences for population, modalities, dosage, and outcome measures do not allow definite conclusions of their effectiveness.

scholarly journals Impact of spirulina supplementation on obesity-related metabolic disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

NFS Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Sofía L. Bohórquez-Medina ◽  
Andrea L. Bohórquez-Medina ◽  
Vicente A. Benites Zapata ◽  
Felipe L. Ignacio-Cconchoy ◽  
Carlos J. Toro-Huamanchumo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled
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