scholarly journals Effect of Carbon Sources in Carotenoid Production from Haloarcula sp. M1, Halolamina sp. M3 and Halorubrum sp. M5, Halophilic Archaea Isolated from Sonora Saltern, Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1096
Author(s):  
Ana Sofía Vázquez-Madrigal ◽  
Alejandra Barbachano-Torres ◽  
Melchor Arellano-Plaza ◽  
Manuel Reinhart Kirchmayr ◽  
Ilaria Finore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Halophilic Archaea ◽  
Taxonomic Identification ◽  
Santa Barbara ◽  
Carotenoid Production ◽  
First Time ◽  
Effect Of Glucose ◽  
Methyl Phosphate

The isolation and molecular and chemo-taxonomic identification of seventeen halophilic archaea from the Santa Bárbara saltern, Sonora, México, were performed. Eight strains were selected based on pigmentation. Molecular identification revealed that the strains belonged to the Haloarcula, Halolamina and Halorubrum genera. Neutral lipids (quinones) were identified in all strains. Glycolipid S-DGD was found only in Halolamina sp. strain M3; polar phospholipids 2,3-O-phytanyl-sn-glycerol-1-phosphoryl-3-sn-glycerol (PG), 2,3-di-O-phytanyl-sn-glycero-1-phospho-3′-sn-glycerol-1′-methyl phosphate (PGP-Me) and sodium salt 1-(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-rac-glycerol were found in all the strains; and one unidentified glyco-phospholipid in strains M1, M3 and M4. Strains M1, M3 and M5 were selected for further studies based on carotenoid production. The effect of glucose and succinic and glutamic acid on carotenoid production was assessed. In particular, carotenoid production and growth significantly improved in the presence of glucose in strains Haloarcula sp. M1 and Halorubrum sp. M5 but not in Halolamina sp. M3. Glutamic and succinic acid had no effect on carotenoid production, and even was negative for Halorubrum sp. M5. Growth was increased by glutamic and succinic acid on Haloarcula sp. M1 but not in the other strains. This work describes for first time the presence of halophilic archaea in the Santa Bárbara saltern and highlights the differences in the effect of carbon sources on the growth and carotenoid production of haloarchaea.

Effect Factors of Biodegradation on Phenanthrene by Pseudomonas putida

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 2107-2110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Xiang Han ◽  
Zhang Meng ◽  
Chun Xia Lv
Keyword(s):  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Pseudomonas Putida ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Ionic Surfactants ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Effect Factors ◽  
Phenanthrene Degradation ◽  
Repressive Effect ◽  
Effect Of Glucose ◽  
Optimal Ph

Abstract. This study discussed the effect factors of biodegradation on phenanthrene by P.putida. The outcomes showed that the optimal temperature conditions was 35°C, and the optimal pH was pH7.5, and that under the shaking condition increases the availability of phe. The effect of glucose increase in the concentration of glucose showed repressive effect. Moreover, the presence of salicylate increased the phenanthrene degradation to some extent. Phenanthrene degradation in presence of succinic acid did not differ significantly, this implies that the presence of other carbon sources does not completely inhibited. Therefore, phenanthrene may be co-utilized by p. putida along with other substrates. And that the addition of non-ionic surfactants bring about further phe biodegradation, the biodegradability of phe is greatly improved in presence of surfactants at proper concentrations. The phenanthrene was degraded higher efficiently at higher phe concentrations under the presence of fluorene, phe and fluorene present an obviously co-metabolism.

scholarly journals Comparative Proteomics of Marinobacter sp. TT1 Reveals Corexit Impacts on Hydrocarbon Metabolism, Chemotactic Motility, and Biofilm Formation

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Saskia Rughöft ◽  
Nico Jehmlich ◽  
Tony Gutierrez ◽  
Sara Kleindienst
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Comparative Proteomics ◽  
Hydrocarbon Biodegradation ◽  
Solvent Tolerance ◽  
Marine Microorganisms ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
First Time

The application of chemical dispersants during marine oil spills can affect the community composition and activity of marine microorganisms. Several studies have indicated that certain marine hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria, such as Marinobacter spp., can be inhibited by chemical dispersants, resulting in lower abundances and/or reduced biodegradation rates. However, a major knowledge gap exists regarding the mechanisms underlying these physiological effects. Here, we performed comparative proteomics of the Deepwater Horizon isolate Marinobacter sp. TT1 grown under different conditions. Strain TT1 received different carbon sources (pyruvate vs. n-hexadecane) with and without added dispersant (Corexit EC9500A). Additional treatments contained crude oil in the form of a water-accommodated fraction (WAF) or chemically-enhanced WAF (CEWAF; with Corexit). For the first time, we identified the proteins associated with alkane metabolism and alginate biosynthesis in strain TT1, report on its potential for aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation and present a protein-based proposed metabolism of Corexit components as carbon substrates. Our findings revealed that Corexit exposure affects hydrocarbon metabolism, chemotactic motility, biofilm formation, and induces solvent tolerance mechanisms, like efflux pumps, in strain TT1. This study provides novel insights into dispersant impacts on microbial hydrocarbon degraders that should be taken into consideration for future oil spill response actions.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis Reveals a Promotion of Carotenoid Production by Copper Ions in Recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Buli Su ◽  
Anzhang Li ◽  
Ming-Rong Deng ◽  
Honghui Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Carotenoid Production ◽  
Carotenoid Accumulation ◽  
Nutritional Components ◽  
Differential Gene ◽  
First Time

We previously constructed a Saccharomyces cerevisiae carotenoid producer BL03-D-4 which produced much more carotenoid in YPM (modified YPD) media than YPD media. In this study, the impacts of nutritional components on carotenoid accumulation of BL03-D-4 were investigated. When using YPM media, the carotenoid yield was increased 10-fold compared to using the YPD media. To elucidate the hidden mechanism, a transcriptome analysis was performed and showed that 464 genes changed significantly in YPM media. Furthermore, inspired by the differential gene expression analysis which indicated that ADY2, HES1, and CUP1 showed the most remarkable changes, we found that the improvement of carotenoid accumulation in YPM media was mainly due to the copper ions, since supplementation of 0.08 mM CuSO4 in YPD media could increase carotenoid yield 9.2-fold. Reverse engineering of target genes was performed and carotenoid yield could be increased 6.4-fold in YPD media through overexpression of ACE1. The present study revealed for the first time the prominent promotion of carotenoid yield by copper ions in engineered S. cerevisiae and provided a new target ACE1 for genetic engineering of S. cerevisiae for the bioproduction of carotenoids.

Metallasilsesquioxane-derived ultrathin porous carbon nanosheet 3D architectures via an “in situ dual templating” strategy for ultrafast sodium storage

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 6423-6431
Author(s):  
Xieji Lin ◽  
Yue Dong ◽  
Xiaohong Chen ◽  
Haiyan Liu ◽  
Zhaobin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Carbon Nanosheets ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sodium Storage

It is the first time that metallasilsesquioxanes are introduced into the synthesis of porous carbon nanosheets. Lithium hepta(i-butyl)silsesquioxane trisilanolate is a multifunctional precursor for both carbon sources and templates with different dimensions.

scholarly journals Detección de la presencia del ácaro (Aculops lycopersici) causante del bronceamiento del tomate (Lycoprsicon esculentum) en El Salvador, América Central

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Leopoldo Serrano Cervantes
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Central America ◽  
Taxonomic Identification ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Plant Mortality ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Aculops Lycopersici ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
First Time

In October 1989, microscopic specimens of (acaros) with symptoms of browning and plant mortality in young and older tomato plants from various locations in El Salvador were sent tó the entomologist Ing. Ronald Ochoa from Costa Rica. lng. Ronald Ochoa is associated with the Diagnostics Network of the Centro Agronomico Tropical de Investigation y Enseñanza (CATlE) based in Turrialba, Costa Rica. Microscopic examination of this material confirmed the taxonomic identification as Aculops lycopersici (Acariformes: Eriophyidae), suspected since May 1988 with the first observation and collection of samples. Abrief review of literature and a phone conversation with the specialist who identified the material, permits reporting for the first time of the presence of this species in El Salvador. This finding is a warning about this pest which could be apotential problem in the tropics of Central America. This paper discusses personal observations of some of the characteristics, habits and appearances of this species, small experiments, and it includes a review of literature pertinent to this subject

Lipid Composition and Structural Studies on Lipids from the Land Snail Eobania vermiculata

1989 ◽  
Vol 44 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 597-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen J. Stavrakakis ◽  
Sofia K. Mastronicolis
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Land Snail ◽  
Fatty Acyl ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ethanolamine Plasmalogen ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Eobania Vermiculata ◽  
First Time

The total lipids of the commercial land snail Eobania vermiculata (Gastropoda, Pulm onata, Stylom m atophora) are found to constitute a small percentage (0.8% ) of the wet tissue, which is comparable to that reported for other gastropods. Polar lipid components comprise 61.4% of the total lipids. The individual lipid classes obtained by column chromatographic fractionation were purified by preparative TLC or by column chromatography and their structure was confirmed by a combination of chromatographic and analytical determinations before and after mild alkaline hydrolysis and/or (dry) acid methanolysis and by IR analysis. Neutral lipids represent 36.4% of total lipids, containing cholesterol, cholesterol esters and triglycerides as their major components (26.2% , 29.1% and 25.5% respectively). They contain also a significant amount (14%) of free glyceryl ethers, which are found in a mollusc for the first time. The overall composition of the polar lipids (mol/100 mol lipid-P) was found as follows: Cardiolipin, 2.9; phosphatidylethanolamine, 24.9 (of which 19.8% plasmalogen analog); phosphatidylcholine, 49.2 (of which 45.6% glycerylether analog); ceramide aminoethylphosphonate, 7.5 plus 0.01 (another three minor species); diglyceride-am noethylphosphonate, 6.3; Sphingoethanolamine 1.65 (for the first time found and structurally studied in a land gastropod); and phosphatidic acid 1.1. Unsaturated fatty acyl groups represent about 72.6 and 44.1 respectively in phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. A significant amount (70.5% ) of unsaturated fatty acids is concentrated in neutral lipids. The C16:0 alk-1-enyl chain was found to predominate (55.6% ) in the side chains of ethanolamine plasmalogen. Batyl alcohol was found as the main glycerylether bound to choline phosphate (97.5% ). Saturated fatty acyl groups with 16 carbon atoms were main components (54%) of the major ceramide aminoethylphosphonate species.

scholarly journals Radon Gas in the City of Alicante. High Risk of Low Indoor Air Quality in Poorly Ventilated Buildings

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8762
Author(s):  
Carlos Rizo-Maestre ◽  
Víctor Echarri-Iribarren
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Santa Barbara ◽  
Buried Structures ◽  
Gaseous State ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Radon Gas ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Measurement Location ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

In December 2019, Spain considered for the first time the presence of radon to the Technical Building Code (Basic Document HS 6: Radon Exposure Protection), although it only mentions minimum presences and the need for ventilation. This research shows that in buried structures or in places with little ventilation, even in soils with a low probability of granite, a high content of radon gas can be found. The city of Alicante has been used as a measurement location for different architectural sites; here, the level of 100 Bq/m3 is the first threshold where the gas must be monitored, and the level of 300 Bq/m3 is the maximum threshold above which corrective ventilation measures must be taken. The research conducted during the years 2015 and 2016 shows that it is necessary to account for also the areas considered to be “low presence of radon gas” to achieve healthy constructions. The renewal of air in the different places will be tested for the presence of radon, i.e., the greater the accumulation is, the less ventilation and the greater the risk of accumulation of radon gas. This study is located in the city of Alicante, where the seven civil constructions are located: two Civil War shelters, the Santa Barbara Castle, the Ereta Powder Keg, the Luceros-Marq and Serra Grossa railway tunnels and the Británica underground deposits. Radon gas is currently a concern for major health and medical agencies because it is considered to be a chemical element that is very harmful to people. The World Health Organization is one of the organisations that has the objective of studying and researching this element, to develop solutions. Radon gas is normally found in a gaseous state and is highly radioactive. It is present in many terrains and it is mostly found in those with granite; although the presence of this element is very low, there is always a minimum presence. In the past, in nongranite soils, the dose of radon was considered to be so low that it was insignificant. Therefore, in this research, the aim is to consider the high presence of radon gas in nongranite soils as long as the conditions for its accumulation are present.

Induction and Transcription Studies of the Dextransucrase Gene in Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-512F

1999 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 5504-5509 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Quirasco ◽  
A. López-Munguía ◽  
M. Remaud-Simeon ◽  
P. Monsan ◽  
A. Farrés
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Leuconostoc Mesenteroides ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Promoter Sequence ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Start Codon ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Product Specificity ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT Dextransucrase production by Leuconostoc mesenteroidesNRRL B-512F in media containing carbon sources other than sucrose is reported for the first time. Dextransucrases were analyzed by gel electrophoresis and by an in situ activity assay. Their polymers and acceptor reaction products were also compared by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance and high-performance liquid chromatography techniques, respectively. From these analyses, it was found that, independently of the carbon source, L. mesenteroides NRRL B-512F produced dextransucrases of the same size and product specificity. The 5′ ends of dextransucrase mRNAs isolated from cells grown under different culture conditions were identical. Based on this evidence, we conclude that dextransucrases obtained from cells grown on the various carbon sources result from the transcription of the same gene. The control of expression occurs at this level. The low dextransucrase yields from cultures in d-glucose ord-fructose and the enhancement of dextransucrase gene transcription in the presence of sucrose suggest that an activating phenomenon may be involved in the expression mechanism. Dextransucrase mRNA has a size of approximately 4.8 kb, indicating that the gene is located in a monocistronic operon. The transcription start point was localized 34 bp upstream from the ATG start codon. The −10 and −35 sequences found, TATAAT and TTTACA, were highly homologous to the only glycosyltransferase promoter sequence reported for lactic acid bacteria.

Variation in lipid reserves of second-stage juveniles of Meloidogyne exigua in a coffee field and its relationship with infectivity

Nematology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando da Silva Rocha ◽  
Jorge Teodoro de Souza ◽  
Vicente Paulo Campos
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Annual Variations ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
First Time

AbstractIn this study we assessed the variations in lipid content of second-stage juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne exigua, recovered from a coffee field, by staining and quantifying the neutral lipids using image analysis. Our results showed that annual variations in J2 stained lipid area correlate with temperature, rainfall and total number of J2 per 100 cm3 of soil. Laboratory and glasshouse experiments showed that decreases in the lipid stained area of J2 of M. exigua led to decreased infectivity and reproduction on tomato. The susceptibility of tomato cvs Kada and Nemadoro to M. exigua varied according to the stained lipid area of the J2 inoculated on roots. Only J2 containing an average of 80% stained lipid area were able to infect cv. Nemadoro, which contains the Mi resistance gene, whereas J2 containing 20% stained lipid area were still able to infect cv. Kada, considered to be highly susceptible. In this study we show for the first time the dynamics of lipid variation in J2 of M. exigua in a coffee field and the dependence of infectivity and parasitism on the resistance level of tomato cultivars and the lipid stained area in J2.

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