scholarly journals Specialisation of Yeast Genera in Different Phases of Bee Bread Maturation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1789
Author(s):  
Roxane Detry ◽  
Noa Simon-Delso ◽  
Etienne Bruneau ◽  
Heide-Marie Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Random Distribution ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
New Information ◽  
Bee Bread ◽  
Yeast Isolation ◽  
Isolated Species

Pollen stored by bees undergoes a fermentation marked by the presence of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts. It results in bee bread. Past studies have singled out Starmerella (Candida) magnoliae as the most common yeast species in honey bee-stored bee bread. Starmerella species are ecological specialists with potential biotechnological value. The rarity of recent studies on yeasts in honey bees prompted us to generate new information on yeast diversity during the conversion of bee-collected pollen to bee bread. Bees and stored pollen from two apiaries in Belgium were sampled, a yeast isolation protocol was developed, yeast isolates were grouped according to their macro- and micromorphology, and representative isolates were identified using DNA sequences. Most of the 252 identified isolates belonged to the genera Starmerella, Metschnikowia, and Zygosaccharomyces. The high abundance of yeasts in fresh bee bread decreased rapidly with the storage duration. Starmerella species dominated fresh bee bread, while mostly Zygosaccharomyces members were isolated from aged bee bread. Starmerella (Candida) apis, a rarely isolated species, was the most frequent and abundant species in fresh bee bread. Yeasts from the bee’s honey stomach and from pollen pellets obtained from bees hind legs were dominated by Metschnikowia species. The distinctive communities from pollen pellets over fresh bee bread to aged bee bread indicate a non-random distribution of these yeasts.

Small rodent communities (Muridae) in Gabonese savannas: species diversity and biogeographical affinities

Mammalia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Mboumba ◽  
Maxime R. Hervé ◽  
Véronique Guyot ◽  
Frederic Ysnel
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Small Rodent ◽  
Small Rodents ◽  
South West ◽  
New Information ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mus Minutoides ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Coastal Basin

Abstract The study contributes to the knowledge of species composition and biogeographical affinities of savannas rodent in Gabon. Unlike small rodents in Gabonese forests, there is little data on the diversity of small rodents in Gabonese savannas. The diversity and distribution of rodent murid communities was studied in four different types of savanna in Gabon: Coastal Basin (South-West), Lopé/Okanda (in the Center), Batéké Plateaux (Southeastern) and Ngougnié/ N’yanga (in the South). A total of 428 individuals representing six species were captured over 11,920 trap nights. Trap success was highly variable (2.2–6.9 %). The most abundant species were Mus minutoides (69%) followed by Lemniscomys striatus (21.5%). Indices of species richness varied from 2 to 5 and diversity (Shannon and Weaver) was low in the four savannas with the highest value at Ngougnié/N’yanga (H′ = 1.2). Species distributions show that Gabonese savanna small rodents conform to four distribution types, with one species known from Zambesian savannas exhibiting austral affinities (Pelomys campanae: occurs in three southern savannas). This new information provides important insight into the biogeography of small rodents at a local and regional level. Moreover, the correspondence analysis highlighted an influence of local ecological factors on population abundance.

scholarly journals Note: Recording of Some Beetles in Honey Bee Colonies

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.F. Abou-Shaara ◽  
M.E. Ahmad ◽  
J. Háva
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
The Other ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The World ◽  
Bee Bread ◽  
Small Hive Beetles ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract Honey bees are very valuable to human. These social insects contribute in the pollination of many crops. Also, the products from honey bee colonies have many nutritional and medicinal benefits. Thus, keeping honey bees are very valuable and can be considered as source of income to many families. There are many diseases and pests that attack honey bee colonies. The pests attack bee colonies include: hornets, wax moths, bee-eater birds, and beetles. Such challenges can impact the survival and productivity of honey bee colonies. In this study, some beetle species belong to Fam. Nitidulidae, Dermestidae and Mycetophagidae were detected in honey bee colonies in Egypt, during spring. Despite the presence of many beetle species in the agricultural environment, only few species preferred the invasion of the colonies for feeding. These beetles do not attack stages of honey bees. They only feed on stored pollen or bee bread, especially those fallen on the bottom of the beehives. This is an alarm to follow the feeding behavior and distribution of these beetles. These beetles’ species can be considered as potential pests to weak honey bee colonies, housed in old or damaged beehives. The presence of large numbers of these beetles in weak colonies may disturb the activities of the bees and may passively impact the survival of the colonies. Listing these beetles is very important to better understanding the interaction between honey bees and beetles. On the other side, small hive beetles were not detected in the colonies. These beetles are currently one of the major problems facing honey bees in different parts of the world. This study confirms the absence of small hive beetles from Egypt.

Are polymorphic species of Uropodina (Acari: Mesostigmata) more successful evolutionarily?—A case study of closely related species from the genus Oodinychus Berlese, 1917 based on DNA sequences

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 866
Author(s):  
Jerzy Błoszyk ◽  
Katarzyna Buczkowska ◽  
Anna Maria Bobowicz ◽  
Alina Bączkiewicz ◽  
Zbigniew Adamski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Genetic Differences ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Wide Range

The study presented in this research paper is the first taxonomic investigation focusing on Uropodina (Acari: Mesostigmata) mites with a brief discussion of the genetic differences of two very closely related species from the genus Oodinychus Berlese, 1917, i.e. O. ovalis (C.L. Koch, 1839) and O. karawaiewi (Berlese, 1903). These two morphologically similar species are quite common and they have a wide range of occurrence in Europe. They also live in almost the same types of habitat. However, O. ovalis usually exhibits higher abundance and frequency of occurrence. The major aim of the study was to carry out a comparative analysis of the systematic position, morphological and biological differences, as well as habitat preferences and distribution of O. ovalis and O. karawaiewi. The next aim was to ascertain whether the differences in number and frequency of these species may stem from the genetic differences at the molecular level (16S rDNA and COI). The study shows that O. ovalis, which is a more abundant species than O. karawaiewi, turned out to be genetically more polymorphic.

scholarly journals Yeast isolation and identification in water used in a Brazilian hemodialysis unit by classic microbiological techniques and Raman spectroscopy

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian Bueno Montanari ◽  
Flávio Garcia Sartori ◽  
Diórginis Bueno Montrazi Ribeiro ◽  
Luís Fernando Leandro ◽  
Regina Helena Pires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Water Disinfection ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Hemodialysis Unit ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Yeast Isolation ◽  
Excellent Tool ◽  
Effective Water

Abstract The use of poorly treated water in hemodialysis centers may lead to fungal contamination, which poses a serious threat to immunologically debilitated hemodialysis patients. This study aimed to isolate and identify yeast species in the water of a Brazilian hemodialysis center by using classic microbiological techniques and Raman spectroscopy. For 12 months, a total of 288 water samples were collected from different points of the hemodialysis treatment distribution center. One hundred and forty-six yeast species were isolated and identified in the samples that tested positive for the presence of yeasts such as Candida parapsilosis (100 isolates, or 68.50%), C. guilliermondii (17 isolates, or 11.65%), Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (23 isolates, or 15.75%), R. glutinis (three isolates, or 2.05%), and Trichosporon inkin (three isolates, or 2.05%). Yeast susceptibility to the antifungal fluconazole was also assayed. Only two C. guilliermondii isolates were resistant to fluconazole: the minimal inhibitory concentrations were higher than 64 μg/mL. The different yeast species present in the water of a Brazilian hemodialysis center call for more effective water disinfection procedures in this unit. Raman spectroscopy is an excellent tool to identify yeast species and is potentially applicable in routine water monitoring in hemodialysis units.

scholarly journals NEW RECORDS AND PRELIMINARY REPRODUCTIVE ASPECTS OF ELASMOBRANCHS OF THE TRINDADE-MARTIN VAZ INSULAR COMPLEX

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (01) ◽  
pp. 159-165
Author(s):  
Thierry Salmon ◽  
Bianca de Sousa Rangel ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Malavasi-Bruno ◽  
José Roberto Kfoury-Jr
Keyword(s):  
Abundant Species ◽  
Shark Species ◽  
Tiger Shark ◽  
Blue Shark ◽  
Galeocerdo Cuvier ◽  
Shortfin Mako ◽  
New Information ◽  
Thresher Shark ◽  
Pelagic Fishing ◽  
First Time

Here we presented records of elasmobranchs obtained during a longline pelagic fishing monitoring around the Trindade-Martin Vaz insular complex, including one new record. New information on the reproductive aspects of the blue shark (Prionace glauca) and pelagic stingray (Pteroplatytrygon violacea) suggest the use of this area as mating and parturition ground for these species. The most abundant species was the P. glauca (N = 65), followed by shortfin mako shark Isurus oxyrinchus (N = 12). We also recorded for the first time the smooth hammerhead shark Sphyrna zygaena (N = 3) and the bigeye thresher shark Alopias superciliosus (N = 2), and other shark species previous reported for the insular complex, including the oceanic whitetip Carcharhinus longimanus (N = 2), and the tiger shark Galeocerdo cuvier (N = 1). Our findings highlight the importance of further studies at the Trindade-Martin Vaz insular complex considering the pelagic biodiversity and reproductive aspects of elasmobranchs.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic analysis of the king cobra, Ophiophagus hannah in Thailand based on mitochondrial DNA sequences

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunutcha Suntrarachun ◽  
Lawan Chanhome ◽  
Montri Sumontha
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase Subunit 2 ◽  
Clade B ◽  
New Information ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Ophiophagus Hannah

Abstract Background: Snakes possess adaptive characteristics of morphology that may result in incorrect reconstruction of phylogeny. Molecular approaches have become the major source of new information for advancing our understanding of evolutionary, genetic relationships, and species identification. Objective: We studied DNA sequences of Ophiophagus hannah in different parts of Thailand and compared them with those of O. hannah from other countries. Materials and Methods: We studied the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2) and control region (CR) sequences of 12 individuals O. hannah from different localities across Thailand. Phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences were compared to the published sequences of O. hannah deposited in NCBI GenBank database from other countries. Results: O. hannah could be categorized into 2 Clades, 5 haplotypes, and 4 localities based on 43 different nucleotide positions from the 736 bp of ND2 and 673 bp of CR. Clade A was haplotype A from southern Thailand. Clade B consisted of haplotypes B, C, D, and E. Haplotype B and C came from northern Thailand. Haplotype D came from western Thailand, while haplotype E was O. hannah from central Thailand. The DNA sequences of Clade B were similar to the sequences of O. hannah in Myanmar and southern China that are already deposited in NCBI GenBank database. Conclusion: We found a different genotype of O. hannah from southern Thailand and suggest that this may be a new species of O. hannah.

Biological indicators of bee families against the background of stimulating additives

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
A. G. Mannapov ◽  
A. N. Krichevtsova ◽  
Yu. N. Kutlin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Summer Generation ◽  
Bee Bread ◽  
New Generation

Modeling of hive buildings with the architectonics of cells close to the natural sample against the background of stimulating additives can become an effective biological and technological lever not only in increasing the productivity of bee families, but also in rearing complete offspring in bee generations. This is especially relevant in association to the reproduction of the spring generation of honey bees. A characteristic feature of this period is that bee colonies should show high nesting activity and increase their strength. At the same time, the amino acids of honey bees play an important role in the detoxification of poisons, which is especially characteristic of histidine. The importance of tyrosine in the metabolism of honey bees as a class of insects is difficult to overestimate, because its derivatives play the important role not only in the formation of the exoskeleton of insects, but also in the creation of body color, they are also part of protective secretions and probably serve as chemical mediators of the nervous system. It has been proved that the spring-summer development of bee families was most active after wintering against the background of stimulating additives with inverted sugar syrup with the addition of cobalt chloride or drug Apinik, or in combination with 10 % bee bread and the construction of new-generation wax honeycombs, which compared with the control group, ensured the achievement of the maximum parameters of the growth indices of strength and construction activity for the construction of honeycombs – in 3,0, 4,26, 4,52 and in 0,86, 1,0 and 1,0 (in the control group – 2,61 and 0,57) and increased the live weight of bee individuals of the summer generation by 4,18, 4,6 and 4,7 %. It has been found that minerals, essential amino acids of the drug Apinik, associated with str. Fasium microorganisms, and 10 % bee bread as part of stimulating additives top dressing against the background of the renewal of new-generation wax combs before the main honey collection, increase the volume of hemolymph in inactive worker bees by 6,76–7,63 %, the degree of development of the fat body by 10,0 %, and in nectar-collecting bees by 6,75–8,16 % and 5,56–7,88 %, respectively. At the same time, the increase in the level of the amino acids histidine and tyrosine was recorded in inactive worker bees by 0,76–1,56 % and by 16,56–17,72 %, in nectar-collecting bees by 2,53–3,19 % and 28,68–30,08 %, respectively. This indicates the receipt of the complete generation of working bees of the summer generation, which will actively work on the main honey collection, providing economically useful traits of bee families.

Cyberlindnera sylvatica sp. nov., a yeast species isolated from forest habitats

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Brysch-Herzberg ◽  
Dénes Dlauchy ◽  
Martin Seidel ◽  
Gábor Péter
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequence Comparisons ◽  
Yeast Strains ◽  
D2 Domain ◽  
Forest Habitats

Five yeast strains isolated from forest habitats in Hungary and Germany were characterized phenotypically and by sequencing of the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit rRNA gene and the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS) region of the rRNA gene. The strains have identical D1/D2 domain and ITS region sequences. By sequence comparisons, Candida mycetangii and Candida maritima were identified as the closest relatives among the currently recognized yeast species. The DNA sequences of the investigated strains differ by 1.2 % (six substitutions) in the D1/D2 domain and by 3.5 % (12 substitutions and eight indels) in the ITS region from the type strain of C. mycetangii (CBS 8675T) while by 1.2 % (six substitutions and one indel) in the D1/D2 domain and by 7 % (32 substitutions and seven indels) in the ITS region from the type strain of C. maritima (CBS 5107T). Because the intraspecies heterogeneity seems to be very low and the distance to the most closely related species is above the commonly expected level for intraspecies variability Cyberlindnera sylvatica sp. nov. (holotype, CBS 16335T; isotype, NCAIM Y.02233T; MycoBank no., MB 835268) is proposed to accommodate the above-noted five yeast strains. Phenotypically the novel species can be distinguished from C. mycetangii and C. maritima by the formation of ascospores. Cyberlindnera sylvatica forms one or two hat-shaped ascospores per ascus on many different media as well as well-developed pseudohyphae and true hyphae. Additionally, we propose the transfer of three anamorphic members of the Cyberlindnera americana sub-clade to the genus Cyberlindnera as the following new taxonomic combinations Cyberlindnera maritima f.a., comb. nov., Cyberlindnera mycetangii f.a., comb. nov. and Cyberlindnera nakhonratchasimensis f.a., comb. nov.

scholarly journals Filamentous Fungi and Yeasts Associated with Mites Phoretic on Ips typographus in Eastern Finland

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 743
Author(s):  
Riikka Linnakoski ◽  
Ilmeini Lasarov ◽  
Pyry Veteli ◽  
Olli-Pekka Tikkanen ◽  
Heli Viiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Yeast Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Ips Typographus ◽  
Ophiostomatoid Fungi ◽  
Spruce Bark ◽  
Blue Stain ◽  
Fungal Associates

The European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) has become a major forest pest in Finland in recent years. The beetle is a well-known vector of mainly ophiostomatoid fungi causing blue-stain of timber and pathogens that have the ability to amplify the insect damage. It also vectors other associated organisms, such as phoretic mites. The ecology of these mites remains poorly understood, including their associations with fungi. In this study, we considered filamentous fungi and yeasts associated with mites phoretic on I. typographus. Fungal identifications were based on DNA sequences and phylogenetic analyses of the ITS and/or partial β-tubulin gene regions. Fifteen fungal species were detected, including eight yeasts and seven filamentous fungi. Eleven percent of the beetles carried mites and of these 74% carried at least one fungal species. An average of two fungal species were carried per mite. The most commonly found filamentous fungi were Grosmannia penicillata (25%), Ophiostoma bicolor (19%), O. ainoae (12%) and O. brunneolum (12%). Of the yeast species, the most commonly found was Wickerhamomyces bisporus (47%). This study is the first to report yeasts associated with I. typographus and its phoretic mites in Finland. Majority of the filamentous fungal species found are those previously reported in association with I. typographus. The results also confirmed that many of the fungal species commonly found on I. typographus are also associated with its phoretic mites. However, the nature of the symbiosis between the mites, beetles and fungal associates remains to be understood.

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