scholarly journals Screening Fungal Endophytes Derived from Under-Explored Egyptian Marine Habitats for Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties in Factionalised Textiles

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1617
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Hamed ◽  
Sylvia Soldatou ◽  
M. Mallique Qader ◽  
Subha Arjunan ◽  
Kevin Jace Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Chemical Screening ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Promising Source

Marine endophytic fungi from under-explored locations are a promising source for the discovery of new bioactivities. Different endophytic fungi were isolated from plants and marine organisms collected from Wadi El-Natrun saline lakes and the Red Sea near Hurghada, Egypt. The isolated strains were grown on three different media, and their ethyl acetate crude extracts were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against a panel of pathogenic bacteria and fungi as well as their antioxidant properties. Results showed that most of the 32 fungal isolates initially obtained possessed antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The most potent antimicrobial extracts were applied to three different cellulose containing fabrics to add new multifunctional properties such as ultraviolet protection and antimicrobial functionality. For textile safety, the toxicity profile of the selected fungal extract was evaluated on human fibroblasts. The 21 strains displaying bioactivity were identified on molecular basis and selected for chemical screening and dereplication, which was carried out by analysis of the MS/MS data using the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) platform. The obtained molecular network revealed molecular families of compounds commonly produced by fungal strains, and in combination with manual dereplication, further previously reported metabolites were identified as well as potentially new derivatives.

scholarly journals Screening of Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Secondary Metabolites from Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Wheat (Triticum Durum)

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nouari Sadrati ◽  
Harzallah Daoud ◽  
Amina Zerroug ◽  
Saliha Dahamna ◽  
Saddek Bouharati
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Triticum Durum ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Promising Source

Abstract The emergence of antibiotic-resistant micro-organisms calls for inventive research and development strategies. Inhibition of these pathogenic micro-organisms may be a promising therapeutic approach. The screening of antimicrobial compounds from endophytes is a promising way to meet the increasing threat of drug-resistant strains of human and plant pathogens. In the present study, a total of 20 endophytic fungi and 23 endophytic actinomycetes have been isolated from wheat (Triticum durum). Mohamed Ben Bachir variety collected from Bordj Bou Arreridj region (Algeria) during winter 2010. The isolates were screened and evaluated for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated for crude ethyl acetate extracts using an agar diffusion assay against twelve pathogenic bacteria, yeast, and two phytopathogenic fungi. All extracts showed inhibitory activity on at least one or more pathogenic microorganisms, with an average zone of inhibition varied between 7 mm to 25 mm, and the largest zone was of 25 and 25.3 mm against candida albicans and Escherichia coli respectively. The antioxidant capacity of the extracts was evaluated by β-carotene/linoleic acid assay. Results showed that 60% of these extracts have antioxidant activity, exhibiting 50, 57% to 78, 96% inhibitions. While the inhibitory activity for oxidation of linoleic acid of 40% of them was less than 50%. From the present work it is possible to conclude that these microorganisms could be promising source of bioactive compounds, and warrant further study.

Mycochemical composition and antioxidant potential of Macrolepiota africana (Heim) Heinem. (Agaricaceae), an edible mushroom from Gabon

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 028-033
Author(s):  
Hugues Calixte Eyi Ndong ◽  
André Ledoux Njouonkou
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Mushroom Species ◽  
Chemical Screening ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Pharmacological Potential

Macrolepiota africana is a fungus used as food in Gabon for its culinary properties. However, its nutritional value, mycochemical contents, antioxidant properties and health potential still unknown. The present study investigated the phytochemicals and antioxidant properties of this mushroom species. This chemical screening was followed by a study of the antioxidant activity and a prediction of additional pharmacological activities of M. africana. Using standard methodology, the mycochemical analyses were carried out on aqueous, hydro-ethanolic and ethanolic fungi extracts. The antioxidant activity of the mushroom extracts was determined using DPPH radical scavenging assay. Apart from Digitoxigenine, flavonol and gitoxigenine that were not found in any of the extracts, all other tested mycochemical were found in atleast one of the extracts. Alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, oses and holosides, proanthocyanidins and coumarins were found in all extracts at different intensity. Saponosids, sterols and triterpenes, tannins gallics, reducing sugar, anthracenosides and digitoxine were found in two extracts while tannins catechics, flavone and gitoxine were detected only in one extract. The dosage of phenolic compounds confirmed the richness of this fungus in total polyphenols, its moderate richness in proanthocyanidins, the lack of flavonoids in the aqueous extract and the moderate richness of the hydro-ethanolic and ethanolic extracts in flavonoids. Regarding the antioxidant activities, the results obtained for the DPPH trapping test showed that the different extracts had low to moderate antioxidant activity with antioxidant activity index (IAA) ranged 0.29 to 0.97 respectively in aqueous and ethanolic extracts. The presence of these mycochemical compounds along with the identified antioxidant activities shows that this M. africana have some pharmacological potential.

scholarly journals Production of eugenol from fungal endophytesNeopestalotiopsissp. andDiaporthesp. isolated fromCinnamomum loureiroileaves

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chutima Tanapichatsakul ◽  
Sarunpron Khruengsai ◽  
Sakon Monggoot ◽  
Patcharee Pripdeevech
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Fungal Extracts

Endophytic fungi, which colonize within a host plant without causing any apparent diseases, have been considered as an important source of bioactive secondary metabolites containing antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The aim of this research was to isolate the endophytic fungi ofCinnamomum loureiroiand then to screen their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. A total of 11 fungal endophytes were isolated from healthy leaves ofCinnamomum loureiroibelonging to six genera:Botryosphaeria,Colletotrichum,Diaporthe,Fusarium,Neopestalotiopsis, andPestalotiopsis. All isolated strains were cultured and further extracted with ethyl acetate solvent. Antimicrobial activity of all crude endophytic fungal extracts was analyzed using disc diffusion assay against six bacterial and two fungal pathogens. Crude extracts of strains MFLUCC15-1130 and MFLUCC15-1131 showed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against all tested pathogens. Activity againstBacillus cereusandStaphylococcus epidermidiswas notable, showing the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration at 3.91 μg/mL. Antioxidant activity of all crude endophytic fungal extracts was also evaluated based on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay. Significant antioxidant activity was detected in the crude extracts of fungus MFLUCC15-1130 and MFLUCC15-1131 with IC50of 22.92 ± 0.67 and 37.61 ± 0.49 μg/mL, respectively. Using molecular identification, MFLUCC15-1130 and MFLUCC15-1131 were identified asNeopestalotiopsissp. andDiaporthesp., respectively. The major chemical constituents produced by both crude extracts were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Eugenol, myristaldehyde, lauric acid, and caprylic acid were the primary antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds in both crude extracts. This is the first report of eugenol being a biologically active compound ofNeopestalotiopsissp. andDiaporthesp. fungal endophytes. Eugenol has been reported as antimicrobial and antioxidant agents with agronomic applications. Thus the two newly-isolated endophytes may be used for eugenol production, which in turn can be used in a variety of applications.

scholarly journals Fungal Endophytes of Vitis vinifera—Plant Growth Promotion Factors

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1250
Author(s):  
Markéta Kulišová ◽  
Maria Vrublevskaya ◽  
Petra Lovecká ◽  
Blanka Vrchotová ◽  
Milena Stránská ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Antifungal Compounds ◽  
Microscopic Fungi ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Promising Source

Endophytes are microorganisms that live asymptomatically inside plant tissues. They are beneficial to their host in many aspects, especially as a defense against foreign phytopathogens through the production of a variety of metabolites. These substances can serve as sources of new natural products for medicinal, agricultural, and industrial purposes. This article is focused on endophytic fungi from Vitis vinifera. The purpose of the research was their isolation and identification during the Vitis vinifera growing season. Subsequently, the isolates were tested for the production of biotechnologically interesting metabolites (siderophores, antioxidants, and antifungal compounds). In total, 24 endophytic fungi were isolated, the most represented genus was Cladosporium sp. The results of the test for antioxidant and antifungal properties, as well as siderophore production, have shown that the population of Vitis vinifera endophytic microscopic fungi could serve as a promising source of metabolites with a wide range of applications.

Bioactive potential of endophytic fungi isolated from Phyllanthus niruri L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-318
Author(s):  
SU Hannana ◽  
F Afroz ◽  
MN Begum ◽  
S Sharmin ◽  
F Moni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
White Crystal ◽  
Phyllanthus Niruri ◽  
Chemical Screening ◽  
Activity Screening ◽  
Bioactive Potential ◽  
Promising Source

Present work describes the isolation and morphological identification of endophytic fungi from Phyllanthus niruri L. including their chemical and bioactivity screening. Two isolated and purified endophytic fungi with the internal strain numbers PNRE and PNLE were taxonomically identified as Colletotrichum sp. and Fusarium sp., respectively. Preliminary chemical screening of the fungal extracts through thin layer chromatography (TLC) revealed the presence of various components. PNLE showed significant antifungal activity against the fungi Aspergillus niger (24 mm) and Aspergillus flavus (20 mm). Extracts of PNRE and PNLE gave significant cytotoxic activity with LC50 values of 1.08 μg mL-1 and 1.05 μg mL-1, respectively in the brine shrimp lethality bioassay. PNRE extract showed mild scavenging of DPPH with IC50 value of 96.06 μg mL-1 during antioxidant activity screening. Crystal formation was observed in the crude PNRE fungal extract which was purified using methanol/dichloromethane (0-20%) to obtain pure white crystal and the structure was elucidated by NMR (1H NMR and 13C NMR) spectroscopic analysis to be confirmed as ergosterol. Since isolated fungi showed promising antifungal and cytotoxic activities, the crude extract of endophytic fungi of P. niruri could be considered as a promising source for isolation of potential bioactive compounds. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.55(4), 311-318, 2020

scholarly journals Evaluation of bioactivity and phytochemical screening of endophytic fungi isolated from Ceriops decandra (Griff.) W. Theob, a mangrove plant in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mita Munshi ◽  
Md. Hossain Sohrab ◽  
Mst. Nadira Begum ◽  
Sattyajit Roy Rony ◽  
Md. Adnan Karim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Mangrove Plant ◽  
Chemical Screening ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Ceriops Decandra

Abstract Background Due to increasing number of individuals within the world having health issues caused by varied cancers, drug-resistant microorganism, parasitic protozoans, and fungi could be a cause for alarm. Endophyte’s are a unique source of medicinal compounds which requires an intensive seek for newer and simpler agents to handle these sickness issues is currently advancing. This study explores the description of endophytic fungi of Ceriops decandra (Griff.) W. Theob., a mangrove plant growing in mangrove forest, Sundarban, Bangladesh. Methods The endophytic fungi of experimental plants were identified by DNA amplification and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region Moreover, cytotoxicity, antioxidant and antimicrobial tests were assessed. In addition, the screening of extracts was performed by visual detection using UV light. Results Three fungi namely CEDBE-1, CEDLE-6 and CEDLE-10 (internal strain no) were isolated as endophytic fungi and identified as Fusarium oxysporum, Clonostachys spp. and Fusarium solani respectively on the basis of morphological characteristics and DNA sequencing. The isolates were cultured at 280 C±2 for 21 days in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media. The extracts of fungal isolates were examined at 100 µg/disc concentration for the screening of antibacterial activity and exhibited no activity against tested human pathogenic bacteria. The strain CEDBE-1 showed highest antioxidant activity of IC50 value of 31.07 µg/mL comparing with the positive control ascorbic acid (0.74) and BHA (7.79) µg/mL. All isolates exhibited strong cytotoxic activity using brine shrimp lethality bioassay compared with the positive control tamoxifen. Preliminary chemical screening of the fungal extracts by thin layer chromatography technique revealed the presence of various compounds. Conclusions The findings indicate that endophytic fungal isolates explored from C. decandra has diversified biological activities which may be potential source of leads for new drug development.

scholarly journals Screening of Biological Effectiveness of Endophytic Fungi Associated with Plectranthus amboinicus: A focus on Aspergillus terreus

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tejaswini H.K ◽  
Jayashankar M ◽  
Mohammed Ali Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Edible Plant ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Biological Effectiveness ◽  
Plectranthus Amboinicus

Endophytic fungi produce a diverse range of bioactive molecules, which aids to produce a rich source of different types of medicines. The present study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activity of fungal endophytes associated with edible leaves Plectranthus amboinicus (Indian borage). The results of preliminary screening of antibacterial activity showed inhibition against all tested pathogens similarly, crude ethyl acetate extract of all the isolates in the secondary screening of antidiabetic activity showed a good zone of inhibition with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The antioxidant activities were also determined by using the TPC, FRAP, and DPPH assay, which showed considerable variations concerning their positive control. The correlation among antioxidant assays indicated a strong correlation between TPC and DPPH. Also, the antidiabetic activity by alpha-amylase inhibition assay showed good inhibitory activity in different concentrations. Thus, the study suggested that endophytes from this edible plant could be potential source for the production of broad-spectrum antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic compounds.

scholarly journals The Antibacterial, Antiheamolytic, and Antioxidant Activities of Laurus nobilis and Alhagi maurorum Native to Iraq.

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3(Suppl.)) ◽  
pp. 0707
Author(s):  
Hussein Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Laurus Nobilis ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Dpph Method

Ethanolic crude extracts of leaves from Laurus nobilis and Alhagi maurorumfor were screened for alkaloids, saponins, tannins, anthraquinones, steroids, flavonoids, glycosides, and glucosides contents. Biochemical activities, including antibacterial activity, antioxidant, and antihemolytic activity, were investigated. Antibacterial activity against Three types of pathogenic bacteria was detected by disc diffusion analysis and characterized by zone of inhibition (ZOI). Antioxidant properties were determined by a diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Results revealed that the inhibitory activity of the plants against G+ve and G-ve bacteria were different, where the greatest ZOI  of  Alhagi maurorum against Staphylococcus  aureus  was 12.66 mm, while its effect  against Pseudomonas  aeruginosa generated an  8.33 mm ZOI, with no did not effects on Escherichia coli. Extract of Laurus nobilis against Escherichia coli with a ZOI reached to 10.33 mm, but did not significantly influence the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. When the plant extracts were mixed in equal quantities, the percentage of  the effect were  increased, where the greatest effect of the mixed observed in E. coli was a 16.66mm ZOI, and in Staphylococcus aureus to 15.66mm. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa the ZOI reached to a 12.33 mm. This is referred to as synergistic effect between these plants against pathogenic bacteria. The extracts did not have any toxic effects on human red blood cells.

scholarly journals Bioactivity Screening and Identification of Secondary Metabolites from Fungal Endophytes of Carica papaya L. Leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Israt Farha Lini ◽  
Rabita Zinnurine ◽  
Md. Habibur Rahman ◽  
Mst. Nadira Begum ◽  
Farhana Afroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Alternariol Monomethyl Ether ◽  
Chemical Screening

<strong>Objectives:</strong> This work describes the chemical and <em>in-vitro</em> bioactivity studies on endophytic fungi derived from the leaves of <em>Carica papaya</em> L. <strong>Methods:</strong> Column Chromatography was employed for isolation of fungal metabolites. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectral data was utilized to elucidate the structure of the isolated compounds and physicochemical properties of them were also examined. As a part of<em> in-vitro</em> bioactivity screening disc diffusion method, 1, 1-diphenyl-2- picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay and brine shrimp lethality bioassay were conducted to evaluate antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities, respectively.<strong> Results:</strong> A total of four fungal isolates were identified as endophytic fungi and purified from the young leaves of <em>Carica papaya</em>. These fungi, encoded as CPLE-1, CPLE-2, CPLE-3 and CPLE-4, were identified up to the genus level on the basis of their macroscopic and microscopic characteristics as <em>Colletotrichum</em> sp., <em>Carvularia</em> sp., and next two as <em>Alternaria</em> sp., respectively. Chemical profiling and preliminary bioactivity screening of the fungal endophytes signified strain CPLE-3 with highest potentiality to produce bioactive compounds which directs its large scale cultivation. Ergosterol and Alternariol monomethyl ether were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the fungus, CPLE-3. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Bioactivity and chemical screening of the endophytic fungal extracts of <em>Carica papaya</em> leaf along with the isolation of fungal secondary metabolites suggested these endophytic fungi to be possible source of bioactive leads for developing new and improved medicines.

scholarly journals Diversity and antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi from Combretum sp. collected in monsoon from three regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Biplab Bagchi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Colonization Frequency ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

Aerial tissues of the woody lianas- Combretum sp. was selected and assessed for study of endophytic fungal diversity from three forest areas of West Medinipur and Jhargram districts of West Bengal. In monsoon study it was observed that out of 225 various tissue segments ,165 segments had been colonized by endophytic fungi Combretum roxburghii and 209 endophytic isolates were isolated from them. Average colonization frequency (CF)was 73.32 percent. Highest CF was in plant of Belpahari (76%) and in petiole (82.66%). Out of isolated fungal genera Pestalotiopsis sp. was highest in number. Diplodia sp., Beltrania sp., Chaetomium sp., Fusarium sp., Arthrinium sp. were also greater in number. Dominance index was highest in Belpahari (0.1547). Simpson’s diversity was maximum in Godapiasal (0.8693) and Shannon-Wiener index was also highest (2.152) in plant of Godapiasal. Highest diversity of endophytic fungi was in plants of Chilkigarh. Isolated endophytic fungi were Lasiodiplodia sp., Diplodia sp., Fusarium sp., Chaetomium sp., Arthrinium sp., Aspergillus sp., Pestalotiopsis sp. etc. Simpson’s diversity and Shannon-Wiener index were maximum in plants of Godapiasal. The study of antimicrobial activity of isolated fungal endophytes indicated that few plugs showed antimicrobial activity against few pathogenic bacteria. Among all isolates tested only seven showed antimicrobial activity. Aspergillus sp. and one unidentified fungi showed the antimicrobial activity against three bacteria i. e., Bacillus cereus, Escherechia coli and Vibrio cholera and maximum inhibition zone was observed against E. coli, diameter of inhibition zone is 1.4 cm. Other fungi showed less antimicrobial activity. Diameter of zone of inhibition varied (0.7 – 1.4) and this variation might be due to the difference of bioactive compound produced or the varied concentrations or amount degree of same compound.

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