scholarly journals Legacy Effects Overshadow Tree Diversity Effects on Soil Fungal Communities in Oil Palm-Enrichment Plantations

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1577
Author(s):  
Johannes Ballauff ◽  
Delphine Clara Zemp ◽  
Dominik Schneider ◽  
Bambang Irawan ◽  
Rolf Daniel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Ecological Crisis ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Financially profitable large-scale cultivation of oil palm monocultures in previously diverse tropical rain forest areas constitutes a major ecological crisis today. Not only is a large proportion of the aboveground diversity lost, but the belowground soil microbiome, which is important for the sustainability of soil function, is massively altered. Intermixing oil palms with native tree species promotes vegetation biodiversity and stand structural complexity in plantations, but the impact on soil fungi remains unknown. Here, we analyzed the diversity and community composition of soil fungi three years after tree diversity enrichment in an oil palm plantation in Sumatra (Indonesia). We tested the effects of tree diversity, stand structural complexity indices, and soil abiotic conditions on the diversity and community composition of soil fungi. We hypothesized that the enrichment experiment alters the taxonomic and functional community composition, promoting soil fungal diversity. Fungal community composition was affected by soil abiotic conditions (pH, N, and P), but not by tree diversity and stand structural complexity indices. These results suggest that intensive land use and abiotic filters are a legacy to fungal communities, overshadowing the structuring effects of the vegetation, at least in the initial years after enrichment plantings.

scholarly journals Response of Soil Fungal Diversity and Community Composition to Varying Levels of Bamboo Biochar in Red Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1385
Author(s):  
Muhammad Waqqas Khan Tarin ◽  
Lili Fan ◽  
Dejin Xie ◽  
Muhammad Tayyab ◽  
Jundong Rong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Red Soil ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
The Impact

Soil fungi play a vital role in soil nutrient dynamics, but knowledge of their diversity and community composition in response to biochar addition into red soil is either limited or inconsistent. Therefore, we determined the impact of bamboo biochar (BB) with increasing concentrations (0, 5, 20, and 80 g kg−1 of soil, referred to as B0, BB5, BB20, and BB80, respectively) on soil physicochemical properties and fungal communities (Illumina high-throughput sequencing) in red soil under Fokenia hodginsii (Fujian cypress). We found that increasing BB levels effectively raised the soil pH and soil nutrients, particularly under BB80. BB addition significantly increased the relative abundance of important genera, i.e., Basidiomycota, Mucoromycota, and Chytridiomycota that could play a key role in ecological functioning, e.g., wood degradation and litter decomposition, improvement in plant nutrients uptake, and resistance to several abiotic stress factors. Soil amended with BB exhibited a substantial ability to increase the fungal richness and diversity; BB80 > BB20 > BB5 > B0. Basidiomycota, Mucoromycota, Glomeromycota, Rozellomycota, Aphelidiomycota, Kickxellomycota, and Planctomycetes were positively associated with soil pH, total nitrogen, phosphorous, and carbon, and available potassium and phosphorous. Besides, the correlation analysis between the soil fungal communities and soil properties also showed that soil pH was the most influential factor in shaping the soil fungal communities in the red soil. These findings have significant implications for a comprehensive understanding of how to ameliorate acidic soils with BB addition, as well as for future research on sustainable forest management, which might increase soil fungi richness, diversity, and functionality in acidic soils.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Responses of Soil Fungal Community to Straw, Inorganic Fertilizer, and Compost in a Farmland in the Loess Plateau

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yalin Yin ◽  
Ye Yuan ◽  
Xiaowen Zhang ◽  
Huhe ◽  
Yunxiang Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Ecology ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Loessial Soil ◽  
Environmental Disturbances ◽  
Soil Fungal Community ◽  
Occurrence Pattern ◽  
The Impact

Determining the response of soil fungi in sensitive ecosystems to external environmental disturbances is an important, yet little-known, topic in microbial ecology. In this study, we evaluated the impact of traditional fertilization management practices on the composition, co-occurrence pattern, and functional groups of fungal communities in loessial soil.

scholarly journals Effect of Charcoal on the Properties, Enzyme Activities and Microbial Diversity of Temperate Pine Forest Soils

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1488
Author(s):  
Jarosław Lasota ◽  
Ewa Błońska ◽  
Tomasz Babiak ◽  
Wojciech Piaszczyk ◽  
Hanna Stępniewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Charcoal Production ◽  
Soil Enzymatic Activity ◽  
The Impact

Relict charcoal hearths (RCHs) increases soil fertility in forest ecosystems. However, the effects of RCHs on the activity and abundance of soil microorganisms remain unknown. In this paper, we analysed the impact of relict charcoal production on the soil enzymatic activity and composition of soil bacterial and fungal communities in Scots pine forests of the Manowo Forest District in northern Poland. Moreover, we determined the effect of relict charcoal production on the soil properties. Our research was conducted by comparing the physical, chemical, enzymatic and microbiological properties of charcoal-enriched and charcoal-free soils. Significant differences in physical properties were found between these two soil types in terms of their structure and water holding capacity. As expected, horizons enriched with charcoal were characterised by a significantly higher organic carbon content (4.7% on average compared to 2.2% in control horizons), and also by a considerably higher content of available phosphorus (an average of 64.07 mg·kg−1 compared to 36.21 mg·kg−1 in the control). Similarly, RCH horizons displayed a higher pH and higher contents of Ca and Na cations. These results indicated that RCH soils provided more favourable conditions for the soil microbiome, as reflected by the higher enzymatic activity and diversity of the microorganisms. Moreover, bacterial and fungal communities in RCH soils were more diverse and had greater species/genera richness, especially in the case of fungi. Members of the genus Rhodoplanes dominated the bacterial community at both RCH and non-RCH sites, followed by Streptomyces, Burkholderia, Skermanella, Tsukamurella and Candidatus Solibacter. Both culture- and next generation sequencing (NGS)-based analyses showed that soil fungal communities were dominated by Ascomycota, with Penicillium as the most abundant genus. Our results showed that hearth soils may represent a significant C pool in the forest ecosystem. This study supports the strategy of safeguarding such charcoal-enriched soils as precious C reservoirs and ecologically important biodiversity hotspots. Moreover, the application of charcoal may effectively increase the microbial diversity of forest soils, especially during the reforestation or re-cultivation of disturbed habitats.

scholarly journals The Impact of Selective-Logging and Forest Clearance for Oil Palm on Fungal Communities in Borneo

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e111525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorsaf Kerfahi ◽  
Binu M. Tripathi ◽  
Junghoon Lee ◽  
David P. Edwards ◽  
Jonathan M. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Selective Logging ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Forest Clearance ◽  
The Impact

The impact of tropical forest logging and oil palm agriculture on the soil microbiome

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 2244-2257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binu M. Tripathi ◽  
David P. Edwards ◽  
Lucas William Mendes ◽  
Mincheol Kim ◽  
Ke Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Forest Logging ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Early response of soil fungal communities to the conversion of monoculture cropland to a temperate agroforestry system

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12236
Author(s):  
Lukas Beule ◽  
Petr Karlovsky
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Fungal Biomass ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Alley Cropping ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Temperate Agroforestry ◽  
Fungal Populations

Background Alley-cropping systems in the temperate zone are a type of agroforestry in which rows of fast-growing trees are alternated with rows of annual crops. With numerous environmental benefits, temperate agroforestry is considered a promising alternative to conventional agriculture and soil fungi may play a key in maintaining productivity of these systems. Agroforestry systems that are established for more than 10 years have shown to increase the fungal biomass and impact the composition of soil fungal communities. Investigations of soil fungi in younger temperate agroforestry systems are scarce and the temporal dynamic of these changes is not understood. Methods Our study was conducted in a young poplar-based alley cropping and adjacent monoculture cropland system in an Arenosol soil in north-west Germany. We investigated the temporal dynamics of fungal populations after the establishment of agroforestry by collecting soil samples half, one, and one and a half years after conversion of cropland to agroforestry. Samples were collected within the agroforestry tree row, at 1, 7, and 24 m distance from the tree row within the crop row, and in an adjacent conventional monoculture cropland. The biomass of soil fungi, Asco-, and Basidiomycota was determined by real-time PCR. Soil fungal community composition and diversity were obtained from amplicon sequencing. Results Differences in the community composition of soil fungi in the tree row and arable land were detected as early as half a year following the conversion of monoculture cropland to agroforestry. In the tree row, soil fungal communities in the plots strongly diverged with the age of the system. The presence of young trees did not affect the biomass of soil fungi. Conclusions The composition of soil fungal communities responded rapidly to the integration of trees into arable land through agroforestry, whereas the fungal biomass was not affected during the first one and a half years after planting the trees. Fungal communities under the trees gradually diversified. Adaptation to spatially heterogeneous belowground biomass of the trees and understory vegetation or stochastic phenomena due to limited exchange among fungal populations may account for this effect; long-term monitoring might help unravelling the cause.

Temporal dynamics of mycorrhizal fungal communities and co-associations with grassland plant communities following experimental manipulation of rainfall

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coline Deveautour ◽  
Sally Power ◽  
Kirk Barnett ◽  
Raul Ochoa-Hueso ◽  
Suzanne Donn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Rainfall Regimes

Climate models project overall a reduction in rainfall amounts and shifts in the timing of rainfall events in mid-latitudes and sub-tropical dry regions, which threatens the productivity and diversity of grasslands. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi may help plants to cope with expected changes but may also be impacted by changing rainfall, either via the direct effects of low soil moisture on survival and function or indirectly via changes in the plant community. In an Australian mesic grassland (former pasture) system, we characterised plant and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities every six months for nearly four years to two altered rainfall regimes: i) ambient, ii) rainfall reduced by 50% relative to ambient over the entire year and iii) total summer rainfall exclusion. Using Illumina sequencing, we assessed the response of AM fungal communities sampled from contrasting rainfall treatments and evaluated whether variation in AM fungal communities was associated with variation in plant community richness and composition. We found that rainfall reduction influenced the fungal communities, with the nature of the response depending on the type of manipulation, but that consistent results were only observed after more than two years of rainfall manipulation. We observed significant co-associations between plant and AM fungal communities on multiple dates. Predictive co-correspondence analyses indicated more support for the hypothesis that fungal community composition influenced plant community composition than vice versa. However, we found no evidence that altered rainfall regimes were leading to distinct co-associations between plants and AM fungi. Overall, our results provide evidence that grassland plant communities are intricately tied to variation in AM fungal communities. However, in this system, plant responses to climate change may not be directly related to impacts of altered rainfall regimes on AM fungal communities. Our study shows that AM fungal communities respond to changes in rainfall but that this effect was not immediate. The AM fungal community may influence the composition of the plant community. However, our results suggest that plant responses to altered rainfall regimes at our site may not be resulting via changes in the AM fungal communities.

scholarly journals Inoculation with Mycorrhizal Fungi and Irrigation Management Shape the Bacterial and Fungal Communities and Networks in Vineyard Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1273
Author(s):  
Nazareth Torres ◽  
Runze Yu ◽  
S. Kaan Kurtural
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Vineyard Soil ◽  
Vineyard Soils

Vineyard-living microbiota affect grapevine health and adaptation to changing environments and determine the biological quality of soils that strongly influence wine quality. However, their abundance and interactions may be affected by vineyard management. The present study was conducted to assess whether the vineyard soil microbiome was altered by the use of biostimulants (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation vs. non-inoculated) and/or irrigation management (fully irrigated vs. half irrigated). Bacterial and fungal communities in vineyard soils were shaped by both time course and soil management (i.e., the use of biostimulants and irrigation). Regarding alpha diversity, fungal communities were more responsive to treatments, whereas changes in beta diversity were mainly recorded in the bacterial communities. Edaphic factors rarely influence bacterial and fungal communities. Microbial network analyses suggested that the bacterial associations were weaker than the fungal ones under half irrigation and that the inoculation with AMF led to the increase in positive associations between vineyard-soil-living microbes. Altogether, the results highlight the need for more studies on the effect of management practices, especially the addition of AMF on cropping systems, to fully understand the factors that drive their variability, strengthen beneficial microbial networks, and achieve better soil quality, which will improve crop performance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document