scholarly journals High Colonization Rate and Heterogeneity of ESBL- and Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Gull Feces in Lisbon, Portugal

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1487
Author(s):  
Marta Aires-de-Sousa ◽  
Claudine Fournier ◽  
Elizeth Lopes ◽  
Hermínia de Lencastre ◽  
Patrice Nordmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Encoding Genes

In order to evaluate whether seagulls living on the Lisbon coastline, Portugal, might be colonized and consequently represent potential spreaders of multidrug-resistant bacteria, a total of 88 gull fecal samples were screened for detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)- or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and for vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE). A large proportion of samples yielded carbapenemase- or ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (16% and 55%, respectively), while only two MRSA and two VRE were detected. Mating-out assays followed by PCR and whole-plasmid sequencing allowed to identify carbapenemase and ESBL encoding genes. Among 24 carbapenemase-producing isolates, there were mainly Klebsiella pneumoniae (50%) and Escherichia coli (33%). OXA-181 was the most common carbapenemase identified (54%), followed by OXA-48 (25%) and KPC-2 (17%). Ten different ESBLs were found among 62 ESBL-producing isolates, mainly being CTX-M-type enzymes (87%). Co-occurrence in single samples of multiple ESBL- and carbapenemase producers belonging to different bacterial species was observed in some cases. Seagulls constitute an important source for spreading multidrug-resistant bacteria in the environment and their gut microbiota a formidable microenvironment for transfer of resistance genes within bacterial species.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial O-Alkyl Derivatives of Naringenin and Their Oximes Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 3642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Duda-Madej ◽  
Joanna Kozłowska ◽  
Paweł Krzyżek ◽  
Mirosław Anioł ◽  
Alicja Seniuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Alkyl Derivatives ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Derivatives Of

New antimicrobial agents are needed to address infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. Here, we are reporting novel O-alkyl derivatives of naringenin and their oximes, including novel compounds with a naringenin core and O-hexyl chains, showing activity against clinical strains of clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and beta-lactam-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), which provide a quantitative measure of antimicrobial activity, were in the low microgram range for the selected compounds. Checkerboard assays for the most active compounds in combination with antibiotics revealed interactions that varied from synergistic to neutral.

scholarly journals Investigation of the environmental presence of multidrug-resistant bacteria at small animal hospitals in Hungary

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ádám Kerek ◽  
Ágnes Sterczer ◽  
Zoltán Somogyi ◽  
Dóra Kovács ◽  
Ákos Jerzsele
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

AbstractMultidrug-resistant bacteria can cause severe nosocomial infections in both human and veterinary clinics. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence and antibiotic susceptibility of Enterococcus, Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas strains at four small animal clinics of Hungary in 2018, as these bacteria can reliably represent the level of antimicrobial resistance in the investigated environment. A total of 177 Staphylococcus colonies were found, including 22 Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and 13 Staphylococcus aureus. As regards enterococci, 9 Enterococcus faecium, 2 E. faecalis and further 286 Enterococcus strains were isolated. The number of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates (n = 34) was considered too low for relevant susceptibility testing. Among staphylococci, the highest resistance was found to sulphamethoxazole (82.9%), penicillin (65.7%) and erythromycin (54.3%), while in the case of enterococci, resistance to norfloxacin and rifampicin was the most common, with 25.5% of the strains being resistant to both antibiotics. Ten methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) and six vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) strains could be identified. Only 5.7% of the Staphylococcus isolates were susceptible to all tested agents, while this ratio was 36.2% among enterococci. The results of this study have revealed a high prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in Hungarian small animal clinics, which highlights the importance of regular disinfection processes and stringent hygiene measures in veterinary clinics.

scholarly journals Synthesis of photo-excited Chlorin e6 conjugated silica nanoparticles for enhanced anti-bacterial efficiency to overcome methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (18) ◽  
pp. 2656-2659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-fu Lin ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
Ashna Gopal ◽  
Tasnim Munshi ◽  
Yi-wen Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Chlorin E6 ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

Nano photodynamic therapy to overcome multidrug resistant bacteria.

scholarly journals Cold Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Caused Protein Damage in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Cells in Biofilms

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1072
Author(s):  
Li Guo ◽  
Lu Yang ◽  
Yu Qi ◽  
Gulimire Niyazi ◽  
Lingling Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Pressure Plasma ◽  
Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma

Biofilms formed by multidrug-resistant bacteria are a major cause of hospital-acquired infections. Cold atmospheric-pressure plasma (CAP) is attractive for sterilization, especially to disrupt biofilms formed by multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is not clear. In this study, CAP effectively reduced the living cells in the biofilms formed by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and 6 min treatment with CAP reduced the S. aureus cells in biofilms by 3.5 log10. The treatment with CAP caused the polymerization of SaFtsZ and SaClpP proteins in the S. aureus cells of the biofilms. In vitro analysis demonstrated that recombinant SaFtsZ lost its self-assembly capability, and recombinant SaClpP lost its peptidase activity after 2 min of treatment with CAP. Mass spectrometry showed oxidative modifications of a cluster of peaks differing by 16 Da, 31 Da, 32 Da, 47 Da, 48 Da, 62 Da, and 78 Da, induced by reactive species of CAP. It is speculated that the oxidative damage to proteins in S. aureus cells was induced by CAP, which contributed to the reduction of biofilms. This study elucidates the biological effect of CAP on the proteins in bacterial cells of biofilms and provides a basis for the application of CAP in the disinfection of biofilms.

Renaissance of vancomycin: approaches for breaking antibiotic resistance in multidrug-resistant bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Mühlberg ◽  
Florian Umstätter ◽  
Christian Kleist ◽  
Cornelius Domhan ◽  
Walter Mier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Structural Modifications ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
New Antibiotics ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria demands innovations in the development of new antibiotics. For decades, the glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin has been considered as the “last resort” treatment of severe infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria. Since the discovery of the first vancomycin-resistant enterococci strains in the late 1980s, the number of resistances has been steadily rising, with often life-threatening consequences. As an alternative to the generation of completely new substances, novel approaches focus on structural modifications of established antibiotics such as vancomycin to overcome these resistances. Here, we provide an overview of several promising modifications of vancomycin to restore its efficacy against vancomycin-resistant enterococci.

scholarly journals First report of a linezolid-resistant MRSA (methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus) isolated from a dog with a severe bilateral otitis in Portugal

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
R. Seixas ◽  
V. Monteiro ◽  
C. Carneiro ◽  
C. L. Vilela ◽  
M. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
First Report ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

<p class="Pa5"><span lang="EN-US">The widespread use of antimicrobials has lead to the emergence of resistant bacteria to one or more antibiotic, including new drugs like linezolid. This antimicrobial is the first of the oxazolidinone group and soon after its approval in 2000, linezolid-resistant MRSA and linezolid vancomycin-resistant enterococci have emerged. Several outbreaks of linezolid-resistant MRSA have been reported worldwide but, to our knowledge, this is the first report of a linezolid-resistant MRSA isolated from a dog in Portugal. The animal arrived at the Teaching Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Technical University of Lisboa with a severe bilateral otitis that was refractory to antibiotic therapy. Bacteriology showed that the infection was caused by a multiresistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>strain that also phenotipically expressed other virulence factors. Besides the challenge to practitioners, the isolation of this strain is of pub­lic health concern due to its antimicrobial resistant profile. </span></p>

scholarly journals Vancomycin-Lipopeptide Conjugates with High Antimicrobial Activity on Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Mühlberg ◽  
Florian Umstätter ◽  
Cornelius Domhan ◽  
Tobias Hertlein ◽  
Knut Ohlsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Structural Modification ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant

Multidrug-resistant bacteria represent one of the most important health care problems worldwide. While there are numerous drugs available for standard therapy, there are only a few compounds capable of serving as a last resort for severe infections. Therefore, approaches to control multidrug-resistant bacteria must be implemented. Here, a strategy of reactivating the established glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin by structural modification with polycationic peptides and subsequent fatty acid conjugation to overcome the resistance of multidrug-resistant bacteria was followed. This study especially focuses on the structure–activity relationship, depending on the modification site and fatty acid chain length. The synthesized conjugates showed high antimicrobial potential on vancomycin-resistant enterococci. We were able to demonstrate that the antimicrobial activity of the vancomycin-lipopeptide conjugates depends on the chain length of the attached fatty acid. All conjugates showed good cytocompatibility in vitro and in vivo. Radiolabeling enabled the in vivo determination of pharmacokinetics in Wistar rats by molecular imaging and biodistribution studies. An improved biodistribution profile in comparison to unmodified vancomycin was observed. While vancomycin is rapidly excreted by the kidneys, the most potent conjugate shows a hepatobiliary excretion profile. In conclusion, these results demonstrate the potential of the structural modification of already established antibiotics to provide highly active compounds for tackling multidrug-resistant bacteria.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document