scholarly journals Prevalence and Subtype Distribution of Blastocystis sp. in Senegalese School Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1408
Author(s):  
Salma Khaled ◽  
Nausicaa Gantois ◽  
Amadou Tidjani Ly ◽  
Simon Senghor ◽  
Gaël Even ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Blastocystis Sp ◽  
Northwestern Region ◽  
Waterborne Transmission ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Enteric Protozoan

Blastocystis sp. is an enteric protozoan that frequently colonizes humans and many animals. Despite impacting on human health, data on the prevalence and subtype (ST) distribution of Blastocystis sp. remain sparse in Africa. Accordingly, we performed the first multicenter and largest epidemiological survey ever conducted on Blastocystis sp. for this continent. A total of 731 stool samples collected from healthy school children living in 10 villages of the northwestern region of Senegal were tested for the presence of Blastocystis sp. by real-time polymerase chain reaction followed by subtyping of positive samples. Considerable variation in prevalence between villages (51.7 to 100%) was evident with the overall prevalence being 80.4%. Mixed infections were identified in 23% of positive individuals. Among 453 school children with a single infection, ST2 was predominant, followed by ST1, ST3, ST7, ST10, and ST14; this is the first report of ST10 and ST14 in humans. Genetic polymorphisms were evident at the intra-ST level with the identification of numerous ST1 to ST3 genotypes. ST1 showed the greatest intra-ST diversity followed by ST2 and ST3. The prevalence and distribution of STs and genotypes varied among target villages, pointing to several potential infection sources, including human-to-human, zoonotic, and waterborne transmission.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Blastocystis sp., Cryptosporidium sp., and Giardia intestinalis by Multiplex PCR: An Optimization Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ahmet Kilimcioğlu ◽  
Nogay Girginkardeşler ◽  
Tuba Oyur ◽  
Selin Bölük Sabuncu ◽  
Didem Düzyol Azak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Dna Isolation ◽  
Giardia Intestinalis ◽  
Molecular Method ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Optimization Study ◽  
Optimized Protocol ◽  
Blastocystis Sp ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Objective: It was aimed to develop a new Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) protocol with isolates obtained from local patients for the diagnosis of Blastocystis sp., Cryptosporidium sp. and Giardia intestinalis, which can cause severe gastrointestinal system complaints especially in immunocompromised patients and children. Method: DNA isolation was performed with a commercial kit from three stool samples of different patients whose microscopic examination showed dense amounts of Blastocystis sp., Cryptosporidium sp. and Giardia intestinalis. First, a special PCR protocol has been developed for each protozoon. Then, the multiplex PCR protocol, in which these three protozoa can be diagnosed together, was optimized. Results: In the multiplex PCR protocol performed after DNA isolation, bands of 95 bp., 227 bp. and 258 bp. were obtained for Cryptosporidium sp., Blastocystis sp. and G. intestinalis, respectively. Conclusion: Blastocystis sp., Cryptosporidium sp. and Giardia intestinalis were diagnosed by multiplex PCR with the original protocol developed. Due to the difficulties in using different methods in parasitological examination, by adding other protozoa important for public health to this optimized protocol, it will be possible to detect a large number of parasites with a single molecular method.

scholarly journals MOLECULAR DETECTION OF ASTROVIRUS USING REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE QUANTITATIVE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION TECHNIQUE

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Special) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadhil & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Melting Curve ◽  
Single Infection ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Qpcr Analysis ◽  
Efficient Detection ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain

This study was aimed to highlight the importance of the melt curve-quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis in the detection of astrovirus (AstV) from both negative and positive rotavirus and enterovirus (EVs) samples, and the effectiveness of the AstV infection on the vaccine immunogenicity in the vaccinated infected children.  By RT-qPCR based Sybre green associated- melting curve assay, stool samples of 49 enterovirus suspected patients and of 39 rotavirus suspected patients were tested for AstV. Results of EVs group showed a 29 (59.2%) positive AstV contributed to 26 (89.5%) co-infection with Evs and 3 (10.3%) as a single infection in negative samples for Evs. Furthermore, AstV co-infection percentage is higher than the single infection. Moreover, the percentage of the Astrovirus among the vaccinated AFP-suspected cases was 53%, while the percentage of these viruses among the unvaccinated was 100%. Thus, MamAstrovirus- 1 MK948878 is the first local isolate recorded in the Genbank. In conclusion, the RT-qPCR based on SYBR Green showed the rapid and efficient detection of AstV with few copies number. This allow to be used for the diagnosis of AstV along with other gastroenteritis viruses in a multiplex assay to reduce processing time.

scholarly journals Blastocystis sp. Prevalence and Subtypes Distribution amongst Syrian Refugee Communities Living in North Lebanon

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Salma Khaled ◽  
Nausicaa Gantois ◽  
Aisha Ayoubi ◽  
Gaël Even ◽  
Manasi Sawant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Syrian Population ◽  
Blastocystis Sp ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Molecular data concerning the prevalence and subtype (ST) distribution of the intestinal parasite Blastocystis sp. remain scarce in the Middle East. Accordingly, we performed the first molecular epidemiological survey ever conducted in the Syrian population. A total of 306 stool samples were collected from Syrian refugees living in 26 informal tented settlements (ITS) subjected or not to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) interventions in North Lebanon, then screened for the presence of Blastocystis sp. by real-time polymerase chain reaction followed by subtyping. The overall prevalence of the parasite was shown to reach 63.7%. Blastocystis sp. colonization was not significantly associated with gender, age, symptomatic status, abdominal pain or diarrhea. In contrast, WASH intervention status of ITS was identified as a risk factor for infection. Among a total of 164 subtyped isolates, ST3 was predominant, followed by ST1, ST2, and ST10. No particular ST was reported to be associated with age, gender, symptomatic status, digestive disorders, or WASH intervention status of ITS. Intra-ST diversity of ST1 to ST3 was low suggesting large-scale anthroponotic transmission. Moreover, comparative analysis of ST1 to ST3 genotypes revealed that the circulation of the parasite between Syrian refugees and the host population was likely limited.

scholarly journals Seasonal Differences in Cyclospora cayetanensis Prevalence in Colombian Indigenous People

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 627
Author(s):  
Hagen Frickmann ◽  
Juliane Alker ◽  
Jessica Hansen ◽  
Juan Carlos Dib ◽  
Andrés Aristizabal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Seasonal Effects ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Fecal-orally transmitted cyclosporiasis is frequent in remote resource-limited settings in Central and South America with poor hygiene conditions. In this study, we aimed at assessing seasonal effects on the epidemiology of colonization or infection with C. cayetanensis in Colombian indigenous people living under very restricted conditions. In the rainy season between July and November and in the dry season between January and April, stool samples from indigenous people with and without gastrointestinal symptoms were collected and screened for C. cayetanensis applying in-house real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In the rainy season and in the dry season, positive PCR results were observed for 11.8% (16/136) and 5.1% (15/292), respectively, with cycle threshold (Ct) values of 30.6 (±3.4) and 34.4 (±1.6), respectively. Despite higher parasite loads in the rainy season, fewer individuals (2/16, 12.5%) reported gastrointestinal symptoms compared to the dry season (6/15, 40%). In conclusion, considerable prevalence of C. cayetanensis in Colombian indigenous people persists in the dry season. Low proportions of gastrointestinal symptoms along with higher parasite loads make colonization likely rather than infection.

Real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of Isospora belli in stool samples

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert-Jan ten Hove ◽  
Lisette van Lieshout ◽  
Eric A.T. Brienen ◽  
M. Arantza Perez ◽  
Jaco J. Verweij
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Microsporidial infections due toEncephalitozoon intestinalisin non-HIV-infected patients with chronic diarrhoea

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (10) ◽  
pp. 1773-1779 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. YAKOOB ◽  
Z. ABBAS ◽  
M. ASIM BEG ◽  
W. JAFRI ◽  
S. NAZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Stool Examination ◽  
Chronic Diarrhoea ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Species Specific

SUMMARYWe determined the prevalence of microsporidiaEnterocytozoon(Ent.)bieneusiandEncephalitozoon(E.)intestinalisinfection in patients with chronic diarrhoea and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A total of 330 stool samples were examined from 171 (52%) patients with chronic diarrhoea, 18 (5%) with HCC while 141 (43%) were controls. Stool microscopy, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with species-specific primers forEnt. bieneusiandE. intestinalisand sequencing were carried out. Microsporidia were found by trichrome staining in 11/330 (3%) andE. intestinalisby PCR in 13/330 (4%) whileEnt. bieneusiwas not detected. PCR forE. intestinaliswas positive in 8/171 (5%) stool samples from patients with chronic diarrhoea, 2/141 (1·4%) samples from healthy controls and in 3/18 (17%) samples from patients with HCC. In the chronic diarrhoea group,E. intestinaliswas positive in 4/171 (2·3%) (P=0·69) stool samples compared to 2/18 (11%) (P=0·06) in the HCC group and 2/141 (1·4%) from healthy controls.E. intestinalisinfection was significantly associated with chronic diarrhoea and HCC in these patients who were negative for HIV. Stool examination with trichrome or species-specific PCR for microsporidia may help establish the cause of chronic diarrhoea.

scholarly journals Detection and differentiation of Cryptosporidium by real-time polymerase chain reaction in stool samples from patients in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Flávia Ribeiro Rolando ◽  
Sidnei da Silva ◽  
Regina Helena Saramago Peralta ◽  
Alexandre Januário da Silva ◽  
Flavia de Souza Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain
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