scholarly journals Salicylic Acid-Producing Endophytic Bacteria Increase Nicotine Accumulation and Resistance against Wildfire Disease in Tobacco Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Nurul Islam ◽  
Md. Sarafat Ali ◽  
Seong-Jin Choi ◽  
Youn-Il Park ◽  
Kwang-Hyun Baek
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Pinus Densiflora ◽  
Metasequoia Glyptostroboides ◽  
Taxus Brevifolia ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Salix Babylonica

Endophytic bacteria (EB) are both a novel source of bioactive compounds that confer phytopathogen resistance and inducers of secondary metabolites in host plants. Twenty-seven EB isolated from various parts of Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Ginkgo biloba, Taxus brevifolia, Pinus densiflora, Salix babylonica, and S. chaenomeloides could produce salicylic acid (SA). The highest producers were isolates EB-44 and EB-47, identified as Pseudomonas tremae and Curtobacterium herbarum, respectively. Nicotiana benthamiana grown from EB-44-soaked seeds exhibited a 2.3-fold higher endogenous SA concentration and increased resistance against P. syringae pv. tabaci, the causative agent of tobacco wildfire disease, than plants grown from water-soaked seeds. N benthamiana and N. tabacum grown from EB-44-treated seeds developed 33% and 54% disease lesions, respectively, when infected with P. syringae pv. tabaci, and showed increased height and weight, in addition to 4.6 and 1.4-fold increases in nicotine accumulation, respectively. The results suggest that SA-producing EB-44 can successfully colonize Nicotiana spp., leading to increased endogenous SA production and resistance to tobacco wildfire disease. The newly isolated EB can offer an efficient and eco-friendly solution for controlling wildfire disease and nicotine accumulation in Nicotiana, with additional application for other important crops to increase both productivity and the generation of bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Free and Conjugated Benzoic Acid in Tobacco Plants and Cell Cultures. Induced Accumulation upon Elicitation of Defense Responses and Role as Salicylic Acid Precursors

2001 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 318-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Chong ◽  
Marie-Agnès Pierrel ◽  
Rossitza Atanassova ◽  
Danièle Werck-Reichhart ◽  
Bernard Fritig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Tobacco Plants

scholarly journals A salivary effector enables whitefly to feed on host plants by eliciting salicylic acid-signaling pathway

2018 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 490-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Xing Xu ◽  
Li-Xin Qian ◽  
Xing-Wei Wang ◽  
Ruo-Xuan Shao ◽  
Yue Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Salivary Protein ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Salicylic Acid Signaling ◽  
Homeobox Transcription Factor ◽  
Phloem Feeding ◽  
Sa Signaling

Phloem-feeding insects feed on plant phloem using their stylets. While ingesting phloem sap, these insects secrete saliva to circumvent plant defenses. Previous studies have shown that, to facilitate their feeding, many phloem-feeding insects can elicit the salicylic acid- (SA-) signaling pathway and thus suppress effective jasmonic acid defenses. However, the molecular basis for the regulation of the plant's defense by phloem-feeding insects remains largely unknown. Here, we show that Bt56, a whitefly-secreted low molecular weight salivary protein, is highly expressed in the whitefly primary salivary gland and is delivered into host plants during feeding. Overexpression of the Bt56 gene in planta promotes susceptibility of tobacco to the whitefly and elicits the SA-signaling pathway. In contrast, silencing the whitefly Bt56 gene significantly decreases whitefly performance on host plants and interrupts whitefly phloem feeding with whiteflies losing the ability to activate the SA pathway. Protein-protein interaction assays show that the Bt56 protein directly interacts with a tobacco KNOTTED 1-like homeobox transcription factor that decreases whitefly performance and suppresses whitefly-induced SA accumulation. The Bt56 orthologous genes are highly conserved but differentially expressed in different species of whiteflies. In conclusion, Bt56 is a key salivary effector that promotes whitefly performance by eliciting salicylic acid-signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Localized Acquired Resistance (LAR) and the Hypersensitive Response (HR): HR Is Necessary for LAR to Occur and Salicylic Acid Is Not Sufficient to Trigger LAR

1999 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 655-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Costet ◽  
Sylvain Cordelier ◽  
Stéphan Dorey ◽  
Fabienne Baillieul ◽  
Bernard Fritig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Hypersensitive Response ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Pr Proteins ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Tobacco Leaves ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus Infection ◽  
Mosaic Virus Infection

In tobacco plants reacting hypersensitively to pathogen infection, localized acquired resistance (LAR) is induced in a sharp zone surrounding hypersensitive response (HR) lesions. Using a fungal glycoprotein inducing HR and LAR when infiltrated at 50 nM into tobacco leaves, we have shown previously that a plant signal(s) is released by HR cells and diffuses to induce LAR. Here we address two questions: does LAR occur when HR is not induced, and is salicylic acid the (or one of the) mobile LAR signal? We found that application to tobacco leaves of 0.25 nM glycoprotein triggered defense responses without HR and without an H2O2 burst. The analyzed responses include changes in expression of O-methyltransferase (OMT), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarylCoA reductase, pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, and changes in levels of the signal salicylic acid. No defense responses and no increased resistance to tobacco mosaic virus infection were found beyond the elicitor-infiltrated tissue, providing strong evidence that there is no LAR without HR. Treatments of NahG tobacco leaves with 50 nM elicitor induced the HR and, in the sharp zone surrounding the HR lesion, a strong activation of OMT and of basic PR proteins, but not of acidic PR-1 proteins. This indicates that a signal different from salicylic acid is diffusing.

scholarly journals ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ Encodes a Functional Salicylic Acid (SA) Hydroxylase That Degrades SA to Suppress Plant Defenses

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 620-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinyun Li ◽  
Zhiqian Pang ◽  
Pankaj Trivedi ◽  
Xiaofeng Zhou ◽  
Xiaobao Ying ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Plant Defenses ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco Plants ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
Liberibacter Asiaticus ◽  
Management Approaches

Pathogens from the fastidious, phloem-restricted ‘Candidatus Liberibacter’ species cause the devastating Huanglongbing (HLB) disease in citrus worldwide and cause diseases on many solanaceous crops and plants in the Apiaceae family. However, little is known about the pathogenic mechanisms due to the difficulty in culturing the corresponding ‘Ca. Liberibacter’ species. Here, we report that the citrus HLB pathogen ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ uses an active salicylate hydroxylase SahA to degrade salicylic acid (SA) and suppress plant defenses. Purified SahA protein displays strong enzymatic activity to degrade SA and its derivatives. Overexpression of SahA in transgenic tobacco plants abolishes SA accumulation and hypersensitive response (HR) induced by nonhost pathogen infection. By degrading SA, ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ not only enhances the susceptibility of citrus plants to both nonpathogenic and pathogenic Xanthomonas citri but also attenuates the responses of citrus plants to exogenous SA. In addition, foliar spraying of 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole and 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid, SA functional analogs not degradable by SahA, displays comparable (and even better) effectiveness with SA in suppressing ‘Ca. L. asiaticus’ population growth and HLB disease progression in infected citrus trees under field conditions. This study demonstrates one or more pathogens suppress plant defenses by degrading SA and establish clues for developing novel SA derivatives-based management approaches to control the associated plant diseases.

scholarly journals The Effects of Salicylic Acid and Its Derivatives on Increasing Pomegranate Fruit Quality and Bioactive Compounds at Harvest and During Storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
María E. García-Pastor ◽  
Pedro J. Zapata ◽  
Salvador Castillo ◽  
Domingo Martínez-Romero ◽  
Fabián Guillén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Pomegranate Fruit

scholarly journals Expression of a WIPK-Activated Transcription Factor Results in Increase of Endogenous Salicylic Acid and Pathogen Resistance in Tobacco Plants

2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 1169-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Waller ◽  
Axel Müller ◽  
Kwi-Mi Chung ◽  
Yun-Kiam Yap ◽  
Kimiyo Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Tobacco Plants

Nicotine and related alkaloids accumulation in constitutive salicylic acid producing tobacco plants

Plant Science ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 162 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurentius H. Nugroho ◽  
Anja M.G. Peltenburg-Looman ◽  
Helene de Vos ◽  
Marianne C. Verberne ◽  
Robert Verpoorte
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Tobacco Plants

scholarly journals Application of Endophytic Bacillus subtilis and Salicylic Acid to Improve Wheat Growth and Tolerance under Combined Drought and Fusarium Root Rot Stresses

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Lastochkina ◽  
Darya Garshina ◽  
Chulpan Allagulova ◽  
Kristina Fedorova ◽  
Igor Koryakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Signal Molecule ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Root And Shoot Length

In nature, plants are constantly exposed to a varied abiotic and biotic stresses or their combinations, limiting the productivity of major crops, including wheat. Combinations of drought and soil-borne Fusarium-instigated diseases are the most common combinations of stresses, significantly reducing wheat yield around the world. Here, were analyzed the potential of application of endophytic bacteria Bacillus subtilis (strain 10–4) together with the natural signal molecule salicylic acid (SA) to improve growth and tolerance of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) plants under combined drought and Fusarium culmorum-instigated root rot (FRR) stresses. It was revealed that pre-sowing treatment with B. subtilis 10–4, SA, and B. subtilis 10–4 + SA, both under normal and combined drought conditions, notably reduced (by 50–80% or more) the incidence of FRR development in wheat plants, with the most notable effect for B. subtilis 10–4 + SA (wherein disease symptoms were almost absent). Moreover, B. subtilis 10–4, SA, and especially B. subtilis 10–4 + SA increased plant growth (root and shoot length, fresh and dry biomass) under normal (up to 20–50%), drought (up to 15–40%), FRR (up to 15–30%), and combined drought + FRR stresses (up to 20%), with the maximum effect for B. subtilis 10–4 + SA. Additionally, B. subtilis 10–4, SA, and B. subtilis 10–4 + SA decreased stress (drought, FRR, and combined drought + FRR)-instigated lipid peroxidation and osmotic damages of plant cells. The findings indicate that endophytic bacteria B. subtilis 10–4 alone and in a mixture with SA may be used as an effective eco-friendly agent to improve wheat growth and tolerance under the influence of drought, FRR, and combinations of these stresses.

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