scholarly journals The Influence of Microfungi on the Mycelial Growth of Ectomycorrhizal Fungus Tricholoma matsutake

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Yoon Oh ◽  
Myung Soo Park ◽  
Young Woon Lim
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Tricholoma Matsutake ◽  
Forest Nursery ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Trichoderma Species ◽  
Fungal Isolates

Pine mushroom (Tricholoma matsutake) is one of the most valued ectomycorrhizal fungi in Asia because of its unique pine-like aroma; however, due to exceptionally slow growth of its mycelia in artificial conditions, its cultivation has been largely deemed as not possible. Previous studies have shown that some bacteria and a few Trichoderma species associated with pine mushroom promoted the growth of T. matsutake isolate, but this effect is relatively unexplored. In this study, we investigated the diversity of microfungi in the fairy ring of T. matsutake and their effect on the growth of T. matsutake isolate. From 184 fungal isolates, 28 species were identified based on suitable molecular markers. Penicillium was most frequently observed (16 species), followed by Trichoderma (4 species). Five Zygomycota species showed a high promoting effect on the growth of T. matsutake while the effects of ascomycetes were mixed. The microfungi that promote the growth of T. matsutake can be useful for forest nursery and artificial cultivation of T. matsutake.

Induction of basidiospore germination by gluconic acid in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Tricholoma robustum

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1234-1238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Iwase
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Conditioned Medium ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Gluconic Acid ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Tricholoma Matsutake ◽  
Mycelial Culture

Basidiospore germination in the ectomycorrhizal fungus Tricholoma robustum and related species Tricholoma matsutake, Tricholoma caligatum, and Tricholoma ponderosum was examined. Basidiospore germination in T. robustum was induced by the presence of conspecific mycelium but not by the mycelium of related species. Germination also occurred on conditioned medium prepared by preculturing with conspecific mycelium. Gluconic acid, which is produced by T. robustum, also induced basidiospore germination in that species. After storage at 5 °C, germination of basidiospores in T. robustum was stimulated by incubation with conspecific mycelium but not with gluconic acid. These findings suggest that gluconic acid is but one of perhaps many germination-inducing substances produced by the mycelium of T. robustum. Key words: basidiospore germination, ectomycorrhizal fungi, gluconic acid, mycelial culture, Tricholoma robustum.

Management of collar rot disease in chickpea by Trichoderma species

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
PREM PANDEY ◽  
G. C. SAGAR ◽  
SUNDARMAN SHRESTHA2 ◽  
HIRAKAJI MANANDHAR ◽  
RITESH K. YADAV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Trichoderma Species ◽  
Collar Rot ◽  
Rot Disease

Nine isolates of Trichoderma spp. were isolated from different agro- ecological regions of Nepal viz; Jumla, Palpa, Chitwan, Tarahara, Banke, Illam and Salyan and screened against Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. Adreded soil borne phytopathogen causing collar rot of chickpea in chickpea; In-vitro efficacy of nine fungal antagonist (Trichoderma spp.) against Sclerotium rolfsii were screened. Pot experiment was done to find out the effective management of S. rolfsi through Tricoderma using different methods i.e. Seed treatment, soil drenching and soil application. All the tested isolates of Trichoderma spp. were found effective on mycelial growth inhibition and sclerotial parasitization of S. rolfsii. Trichoderma isolated from Palpa district showed maximum growth inhibition (%) of pathogen periodically after 48(93.78%), 72(96.00%), 96(97.96%) and 120(100.00%) hours of inoculation. Parasitized sclerotium showed minimum sclerotial germination on agar plates. Moreover, Trichoderma species isolated from Palpa districts showed second best percent mycelial growth inhibition periodically at 72(25.00%), 120(29.16%), 168(29.16%) and 216(29.16%).In pot experiment at 40 days after sowing, Seedling height was maximum in soil drenching with 30g per 100ml of water (22.27cm) and Mortality percentage of seedlings was least or highest disease control was observed in seed treated with 109cfu/ml (0.000%).

scholarly journals Metallothionein-like peptides involved in sequestration of Zn in the Zn-accumulating ectomycorrhizal fungus Russula atropurpurea

Metallomics ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 1693-1701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tereza Leonhardt ◽  
Jan Sácký ◽  
Pavel Šimek ◽  
Jiří Šantrůček ◽  
Pavel Kotrba
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Substantial Portion ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Binding Peptides ◽  
Russula Atropurpurea

The first evidence of the existence of gene-encoded Zn-binding peptides that sequester a substantial portion of intracellular Zn in ectomycorrhizal fungi under natural conditions.

scholarly journals Cadmium-Responsive Thiols in the Ectomycorrhizal Fungus Paxillus involutus

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 7413-7417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Courbot ◽  
Laurent Diez ◽  
Roberta Ruotolo ◽  
Michel Chalot ◽  
Pierre Leroy
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Paxillus Involutus ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Relative Lack ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Method

ABSTRACT Molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the sustained metal tolerance of ectomycorrhizal fungi are largely unknown. Some of the main mechanisms involved in metal detoxification appear to involve the chelation of metal ions in the cytosol with thiol-containing compounds, such as glutathione, phytochelatins, or metallothioneins. We used an improved high-performance liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous measurement of thiol-containing compounds from cysteine and its derivatives (γ-glutamylcysteine, glutathione) to higher-molecular-mass compounds (phytochelatins). We found that glutathione and γ-glutamylcysteine contents increased when the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus was exposed to cadmium. An additional compound with a 3-kDa molecular mass, most probably related to a metallothionein, increased drastically in mycelia exposed to cadmium. The relative lack of phytochelatins and the presence of a putative metallothionein suggest that ectomycorrhizal fungi may use a different means to tolerate heavy metals, such as Cd, than do their plant hosts.

scholarly journals Tricholoma matsutake may take more nitrogen in the organic form than other ectomycorrhizal fungi for its sporocarp development: the isotopic evidence

Mycorrhiza ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu-Min Vaario ◽  
Shambhu Prasad Sah ◽  
Mariko Norisada ◽  
Maki Narimatsu ◽  
Norihisa Matsushita
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Tricholoma Matsutake ◽  
Organic Form ◽  
Isotopic Evidence

The ability of ectomycorrhizal fungi to utilize fatty acids and a lipid as a carbon source for mycelial growth

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (12) ◽  
pp. 1285-1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takefumi Hattori ◽  
Akira Ohta ◽  
Masayuki Itaya ◽  
Mikio Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ecm Fungi ◽  
Relative Utilization

We have investigated growth of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi (i.e., 55 strains of 32 species in 15 genera) on saturated (palmitate), monounsaturated (oleate), diunsaturated (linoleate), triunsaturated (linolenate) fatty acids, and the triacylglyceride of oleate (triolein) lipid to elucidate an ability to utilize the fatty acids and lipid as a carbon source for growth. Relative utilization ratios (URs, %) based on mycelial growth on glucose suggest that ECM fungi belonging to the family Thelephoraceae have an ability to utilize palmitate. On the other hand, ECM fungi in the genus Laccaria can utilize at least either palmitate or oleate. Furthermore, Hygropharus russula grows on palmitate, oleate, and slightly on triolein. Lactarius chrysorrheus grows only on palmitate. These fatty-acid- and lipid-utilizing fungi may be promising as model fungi for further elucidation of the metabolic ability to utilize the fatty acids and lipid as a carbon source. On the contrary, the fungi in the genus Suillus were shown to scarcely utilize the fatty acids and lipid. Furthermore, most ECM fungi did not grow on either linoleate or linolenate.Key words: carbon source, ectomycorrhizal fungi, fatty acid, lipid, mycelial growth.

Alkali-extractable soil organic matter: An important factor affecting the mycelial growth of ectomycorrhizal fungi

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Soukupová ◽  
H. Hršelová ◽  
H. Gryndlerová ◽  
V. Merhautová ◽  
M. Gryndler
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Extractable Soil

Tricholoma matsutake fruit bodies secrete hydrogen peroxide as a potent inhibitor of fungal growth

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 447-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshimitsu Takakura
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Potent Inhibitor ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Tricholoma Matsutake ◽  
Pyranose Oxidase

Tricholoma matsutake is an ectomycorrhizal fungus that dominates the microbial communities in the soil of pine and spruce forests. The mycorrhizas of this fungus have antimicrobial activity, although factors responsible for the antimicrobial activity have not been fully elucidated. The present study shows that fruit bodies of T. matsutake secreted hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which was produced by pyranose oxidase, and that the H2O2 thus secreted strongly inhibited the growth of mycelia of the phytopathological fungus Rhizoctonia solani. These findings suggest that fruit bodies of T. matsutake have antifungal activity and that the pyranose oxidase plays an important role in the antifungal activity.

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