scholarly journals Recapitulating the Cancer Microenvironment Using Bioprinting Technology for Precision Medicine

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1122
Author(s):  
Jisoo Kim ◽  
Jinah Jang ◽  
Dong-Woo Cho
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Cancer Microenvironment ◽  
Cancer Models ◽  
Conventional Models

The complex and heterogenous nature of cancer contributes to the development of cancer cell drug resistance. The construction of the cancer microenvironment, including the cell–cell interactions and extracellular matrix (ECM), plays a significant role in the development of drug resistance. Traditional animal models used in drug discovery studies have been associated with feasibility issues that limit the recapitulation of human functions; thus, in vitro models have been developed to reconstruct the human cancer system. However, conventional two-dimensional and three-dimensional (3D) in vitro cancer models are limited in their ability to emulate complex cancer microenvironments. Advances in technologies, including bioprinting and cancer microenvironment reconstruction, have demonstrated the potential to overcome some of the limitations of conventional models. This study reviews some representative bioprinted in vitro models used in cancer research, particularly fabrication strategies for modeling and consideration of essential factors needed for the reconstruction of the cancer microenvironment. In addition, we highlight recent studies that applied such models, including application in precision medicine using advanced bioprinting technologies to fabricate biomimetic cancer models. Furthermore, we discuss current challenges in 3D bioprinting and suggest possible strategies to construct in vitro models that better mimic the pathophysiology of the cancer microenvironment for application in clinical settings.

Cancer modeling meets human organoid technology

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 364 (6444) ◽  
pp. 952-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Tuveson ◽  
Hans Clevers
Keyword(s):  
Human Cancer ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Gene Modification ◽  
Current State ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
Cancer Models ◽  
Immune Oncology ◽  
Gene Alterations

Organoids are microscopic self-organizing, three-dimensional structures that are grown from stem cells in vitro. They recapitulate many structural and functional aspects of their in vivo counterpart organs. This versatile technology has led to the development of many novel human cancer models. It is now possible to create indefinitely expanding organoids starting from tumor tissue of individuals suffering from a range of carcinomas. Alternatively, CRISPR-based gene modification allows the engineering of organoid models of cancer through the introduction of any combination of cancer gene alterations to normal organoids. When combined with immune cells and fibroblasts, tumor organoids become models for the cancer microenvironment enabling immune-oncology applications. Emerging evidence indicates that organoids can be used to accurately predict drug responses in a personalized treatment setting. Here, we review the current state and future prospects of the rapidly evolving tumor organoid field.

3D Culture Modelling: An Emerging Approach for Translational Cancer Research in Sarcomas

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (29) ◽  
pp. 4778-4788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Heredia-Soto ◽  
Andrés Redondo ◽  
José Juan Pozo Kreilinger ◽  
Virginia Martínez-Marín ◽  
Alberto Berjón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Culture ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Tumour Spheroids ◽  
Current Therapies

Sarcomas are tumours of mesenchymal origin, which can arise in bone or soft tissues. They are rare but frequently quite aggressive and with a poor outcome. New approaches are needed to characterise these tumours and their resistance mechanisms to current therapies, responsible for tumour recurrence and treatment failure. This review is focused on the potential of three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models, including multicellular tumour spheroids (MCTS) and organoids, and the latest data about their utility for the study on important properties for tumour development. The use of spheroids as a particularly valuable alternative for compound high throughput screening (HTS) in different areas of cancer biology is also discussed, which enables the identification of new therapeutic opportunities in commonly resistant tumours.

scholarly journals Organoids of the female reproductive tract

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindrilla Chumduri ◽  
Margherita Y. Turco
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Personalised Medicine ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Cellular Heterogeneity ◽  
Dynamic Regulation ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth

AbstractHealthy functioning of the female reproductive tract (FRT) depends on balanced and dynamic regulation by hormones during the menstrual cycle, pregnancy and childbirth. The mucosal epithelial lining of different regions of the FRT—ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix and vagina—facilitates the selective transport of gametes and successful transfer of the zygote to the uterus where it implants and pregnancy takes place. It also prevents pathogen entry. Recent developments in three-dimensional (3D) organoid systems from the FRT now provide crucial experimental models that recapitulate the cellular heterogeneity and physiological, anatomical and functional properties of the organ in vitro. In this review, we summarise the state of the art on organoids generated from different regions of the FRT. We discuss the potential applications of these powerful in vitro models to study normal physiology, fertility, infections, diseases, drug discovery and personalised medicine.

scholarly journals The Revolutionary Roads to Study Cell–Cell Interactions in 3D In Vitro Pancreatic Cancer Models

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 930
Author(s):  
Donatella Delle Cave ◽  
Riccardo Rizzo ◽  
Bruno Sainz ◽  
Giuseppe Gigli ◽  
Loretta L. del Mercato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cellular Models ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Cancer Models ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Tumor Environment

Pancreatic cancer, the fourth most common cancer worldwide, shows a highly unsuccessful therapeutic response. In the last 10 years, neither important advancements nor new therapeutic strategies have significantly impacted patient survival, highlighting the need to pursue new avenues for drug development discovery and design. Advanced cellular models, resembling as much as possible the original in vivo tumor environment, may be more successful in predicting the efficacy of future anti-cancer candidates in clinical trials. In this review, we discuss novel bioengineered platforms for anticancer drug discovery in pancreatic cancer, from traditional two-dimensional models to innovative three-dimensional ones.

scholarly journals Mimicking Tumor Hypoxia in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Employing Three-Dimensional In Vitro Models

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Iwona Ziółkowska-Suchanek
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Tumor Hypoxia ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Multicellular Tumor Spheroid

Hypoxia is the most common microenvironment feature of lung cancer tumors, which affects cancer progression, metastasis and metabolism. Oxygen induces both proteomic and genomic changes within tumor cells, which cause many alternations in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This review defines current knowledge in the field of tumor hypoxia in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including biology, biomarkers, in vitro and in vivo studies and also hypoxia imaging and detection. While classic two-dimensional (2D) in vitro research models reveal some hypoxia dependent manifestations, three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models more accurately replicate the hypoxic TME. In this study, a systematic review of the current NSCLC 3D models that have been able to mimic the hypoxic TME is presented. The multicellular tumor spheroid, organoids, scaffolds, microfluidic devices and 3D bioprinting currently being utilized in NSCLC hypoxia studies are reviewed. Additionally, the utilization of 3D in vitro models for exploring biological and therapeutic parameters in the future is described.

scholarly journals Using RNA-sequencing to Detect Novel Splice Variants Related to Drug Resistance in In Vitro Cancer Models

10.3791/54714 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco Sciarrillo ◽  
Anna Wojtuszkiewicz ◽  
Irsan E. Kooi ◽  
Valentina E. Gómez ◽  
Ugo Boggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Splice Variants ◽  
Cancer Models

Establishment of Two Dimensional (2D) and Three-Dimensional (3D) Melanoma Primary Cultures as a Tool for In Vitro Drug Resistance Studies

2019 ◽  
pp. 119-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataly Cruz Rodríguez ◽  
Johanna Lineros ◽  
Carol Stefany Rodríguez ◽  
Lina María Martínez ◽  
Josefa Antonia Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional
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