scholarly journals Design of a Hand-Held and Battery-Operated Digital Microfluidics Device Using EWOD for Lab-on-a-Chip Applications

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1065
Author(s):  
Nicholas Grant ◽  
Brian Geiss ◽  
Stuart Field ◽  
August Demann ◽  
Thomas W. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Digital Microfluidics ◽  
Lab On A Chip ◽  
Mobile Environment ◽  
Function Generators ◽  
Electro Wetting ◽  
Unique Potential ◽  
Droplet Control

Microfluidics offer many advantages to Point of Care (POC) devices through lower reagent use and smaller size. Additionally, POC devices offer the unique potential to conduct tests outside of the laboratory. In particular, Electro-wetting on Dielectric (EWOD) microfluidics has been shown to be an effective way to move and mix liquids enabling many PoC devices. However, much of the research surrounding these microfluidic systems are focused on a single aspect of the system capability, such as droplet control or a specific new application at the device level using the EWOD technology. Often in these experiments the supporting systems required for operation are bench top equipment such as function generators, power supplies, and personal computers. Although various aspects of how an EWOD device is capable of moving and mixing droplets have been demonstrated at various levels, a complete self-contained and portable lab-on-a-chip system based on the EWOD technology has not been well demonstrated. For instance, EWOD systems tend to use high voltage alternating current (AC) signals to actuate electrodes, but little consideration is given to circuitry size or power consumption of such components to make the entire system portable. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of integrating all supporting hardware and software to correctly operate an EWOD device in a completely self-contained and battery-powered handheld unit. We present results that demonstrate a complete sample preparation flow for deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction and isolation. The device was designed to be a field deployable, hand-held platform capable of performing many other sample preparation tasks automatically. Liquids are transported using EWOD and controlled via a programmable microprocessor. The programmable nature of the device allows it to be configured for a variety of tests for different applications. Many considerations were given towards power consumption, size, and system complexity which make it ideal for use in a mobile environment. The results presented in this paper show a promising step forward to the portable capability of microfluidic devices based on the EWOD technology.

scholarly journals EWOD Digital Microfluidics for Lab on a Chip

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Fouillet ◽  
D. Jary ◽  
A. G. Brachet ◽  
J. Berthier ◽  
R. Blervaque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Digital Microfluidics ◽  
Lab On A Chip ◽  
Biological Application ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Electro Wetting ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Two Fluid

This paper presents a brief overview of Electro Wetting On Dielectric (EWOD) microdroplet actuation technology fluidic behaviour. EWOD specifics are compared with other digital microfluidics actuation modes. In particular ease of integration with complex protocols is emphasized. After reviewing the electro-wetting principle and various Electro-Hydro-Dynamic (EHD) phenomena; we compare various EWOD configurations for Lab on a Chip. Two fluid functionalities will be detailed: on-chip droplet dispensing, and mixing. We cover chip architecture and the benefits of organizing these chips as fludic microprocessors. Finally, real time PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) within a 64 nl droplet is described as an illustration of a biological application using EWOD.

A lab-on-a-chip system integrating tissue sample preparation and multiplex RT-qPCR for gene expression analysis in point-of-care hepatotoxicity assessment

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (20) ◽  
pp. 4032-4043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geok Soon Lim ◽  
Joseph S. Chang ◽  
Zhang Lei ◽  
Ruige Wu ◽  
Zhiping Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Tissue Sample ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Lab On A Chip

In this study, we realize an integrated lab-on-a-chip system with “sample-in-answer-out” multiplex gene expression analysis capabilities for point-of-care hepatotoxicity assessment.

scholarly journals Modular and Self-Contained Microfluidic Analytical Platforms Enabled by Magnetorheological Elastomer Microactuators

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 604
Author(s):  
Yuxin Zhang ◽  
Tim Cole ◽  
Guolin Yun ◽  
Yuxing Li ◽  
Qianbin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Microfluidic Chip ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lab On A Chip ◽  
Magnetorheological Elastomer ◽  
Require Time ◽  
External Connection ◽  
Analytical Platforms

Portability and low-cost analytic ability are desirable for point-of-care (POC) diagnostics; however, current POC testing platforms often require time-consuming multiple microfabrication steps and rely on bulky and costly equipment. This hinders the capability of microfluidics to prove its power outside of laboratories and narrows the range of applications. This paper details a self-contained microfluidic device, which does not require any external connection or tubing to deliver insert-and-use image-based analysis. Without any microfabrication, magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) microactuators including pumps, mixers and valves are integrated into one modular microfluidic chip based on novel manipulation principles. By inserting the chip into the driving and controlling platform, the system demonstrates sample preparation and sequential pumping processes. Furthermore, due to the straightforward fabrication process, chips can be rapidly reconfigured at a low cost, which validates the robustness and versatility of an MRE-enabled microfluidic platform as an option for developing an integrated lab-on-a-chip system.

Magnetic Digital Microfluidics for Point-of-Care Testing: Where Are We Now?

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
System Integration ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Digital Microfluidics ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Microfluidic Platforms ◽  
Interface System ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Sample System

: Point-of-care (POC) testing decentralizes the diagnostic tests to the sites near the patient. Many POC tests rely microfluidic platforms for sample-to-answer analysis. Compared to other microfluidic systems, magnetic digital microfluidics demonstrate compelling advantages for POC diagnostics. In this review, we have examined the capability of magnetic digital microfluidics-based POC diagnostic platforms. More importantly, we have categorized POC settings into three classes based on “where is the point”, “who to care” and “how to test”, and evaluated the suitability of magnetic digital microfluidics in various POC settings. Furthermore, we have addressed other technical issues associated with POC testing such as controlled environment, sample-system interface, system integration and information connectivity. We hope this review would provide a guideline for the future development of magnetic digital microfluidics-based platforms for POC testing.

scholarly journals Nitrocellulose-bound achromopeptidase for point-of-care nucleic acid tests

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Chondrogiannis ◽  
Shirin Khaliliazar ◽  
Anna Toldrà ◽  
Pedro Réu ◽  
Mahiar M. Hamedi
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Recombinase Polymerase Amplification ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Enzymatic Function ◽  
Modern Biotechnology ◽  
Nucleic Acid Tests

AbstractEnzymes are the cornerstone of modern biotechnology. Achromopeptidase (ACP) is a well-known enzyme that hydrolyzes a number of proteins, notably proteins on the surface of Gram-positive bacteria. It is therefore used for sample preparation in nucleic acid tests. However, ACP inhibits DNA amplification which makes its integration difficult. Heat is commonly used to inactivate ACP, but it can be challenging to integrate heating into point-of-care devices. Here, we use recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) together with ACP, and show that when ACP is immobilized on nitrocellulose paper, it retains its enzymatic function and can easily and rapidly be activated using agitation. The nitrocellulose-bound ACP does, however, not leak into the solution, preventing the need for deactivation through heat or by other means. Nitrocellulose-bound ACP thus opens new possibilities for paper-based Point-of-Care (POC) devices.

scholarly journals Slipdisc: a versatile sample preparation platform for point of care diagnostics

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (56) ◽  
pp. 35048-35054 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Banerjee ◽  
T. Salih ◽  
H. Ramachandraiah ◽  
J. Erlandsson ◽  
T. Pettersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Preparation Technology ◽  
Minute Amount ◽  
Point Of Care Diagnostics

A novel POC sample preparation technology, “Slipdisc”, based rotational slipchip technology is presented. In operation, the hand-winded slipdisc platform uses a unique clockwork mechanism to manipulate minute amount of liquids.

Manipulation of Clinical Materials Using AC Electrokinetics

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandy L. Y. Sin ◽  
Pak Kin Wong
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Theoretical Prediction ◽  
Fluid Motion ◽  
Lab On A Chip ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Electrochemical Reactions ◽  
Ac Electrokinetics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Electrothermal Flow

AC electrokinetics is a promising approach for sample preparation and reaction enhancement in lab-on-a-chip devices. However, relative little has been done on the electrokinetic manipulation of physiological fluids and buffers with similar properties, such as conductivity. Herein, electrokinetic manipulation of fluids with a wide range of conductivities has been studied as a function of voltage and frequency. AC electrothermal flow is determined to dominate the fluid motion when the applied frequency of the AC potential is above 100 kHz. Interestingly, experimental data deviate from theoretical prediction for fluids with high conductivities (> 1 Sm−1). The deviation can be understood by voltage modulated electrochemical reactions and should be accounted for when manipulating clinical materials with high conductivities. The study will provide useful in sights in designing lab-on-a-chip devices for manipulating clinical samples in the future.

Sample Preparation for Lab-on-a-Chip Systems in Molecular Diagnosis: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mylena Lemes Cunha ◽  
Stella Schuster da Silva ◽  
Mateus Cassaboni Stracke ◽  
Dalila Luciola Zanette ◽  
Mateus Nóbrega Aoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Molecular Diagnosis ◽  
Lab On A Chip
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