scholarly journals Challenges and Perspectives for Biosensing of Bioaerosol Containing Pathogenic Microorganisms

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 798
Author(s):  
Meixuan Li ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Wuzhen Qi ◽  
Yuanjie Liu ◽  
Jianhan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Biological Assay ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Immunological Assay ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Advances

As an important route for disease transmission, bioaerosols have received increasing attention. In the past decades, many efforts were made to facilitate the development of bioaerosol monitoring; however, there are still some important challenges in bioaerosol collection and detection. Thus, recent advances in bioaerosol collection (such as sedimentation, filtration, centrifugation, impaction, impingement, and microfluidics) and detection methods (such as culture, molecular biological assay, and immunological assay) were summarized in this review. Besides, the important challenges and perspectives for bioaerosol biosensing were also discussed.

Automated Detection of Pin Defects on Counterfeit Microelectronics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pallabi Ghosh ◽  
Domenic Forte ◽  
Damon L. Woodard ◽  
Rajat Subhra Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Depth Map ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Automated Detection ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Global Supply Chains ◽  
Subject Matter Experts ◽  
Security Breaches ◽  
The Past ◽  
Skilled Subject

Abstract Counterfeit electronics constitute a fast-growing threat to global supply chains as well as national security. With rapid globalization, the supply chain is growing more and more complex with components coming from a diverse set of suppliers. Counterfeiters are taking advantage of this complexity and replacing original parts with fake ones. Moreover, counterfeit integrated circuits (ICs) may contain circuit modifications that cause security breaches. Out of all types of counterfeit ICs, recycled and remarked ICs are the most common. Over the past few years, a plethora of counterfeit IC detection methods have been created; however, most of these methods are manual and require highly-skilled subject matter experts (SME). In this paper, an automated bent and corroded pin detection methodology using image processing is proposed to identify recycled ICs. Here, depth map of images acquired using an optical microscope are used to detect bent pins, and segmented side view pin images are used to detect corroded pins.

Recent Advances in Therapeutic Applications of Bisbenzimidazoles

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Verma ◽  
Vishnuvardh Ravichandiran ◽  
Nihar Ranjan ◽  
Swaran J.S. Flora
Keyword(s):  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Dna Recognition ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Structural Motifs ◽  
Therapeutic Applications ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Advances

Nitrogen-containing heterocycles are one of the most common structural motifs in approximately 80% of the marketed drugs. Of these, benzimidazoles analogues are known to elicit a wide spectrum of pharmaceutical activities such as anticancer, antibacterial, antiparasitic, antiviral, antifungal as well as chemosensor effect. Based on the benzimidazole core fused heterocyclic compounds, crescent-shaped bisbenzimidazoles were developed which provided an early breakthrough in the sequence-specific DNA recognition. Over the years, a number of functional variations in the bisbenzimidazole core have led to the emergence of their unique properties and established them as versatile ligands against several classes of pathogens. The present review provides an overview of diverse pharmacological activities of the bisbenzimidazole analogues in the past decade with a brief account of its development through the years.

Recent advances in storage and flooding theory

1969 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gani
Keyword(s):  
Queueing Theory ◽  
Applied Probability ◽  
The Past ◽  
Continuous Flows ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Queueing Processes ◽  
Theory Of Storage ◽  
Storage Processes

The theory of storage processes, originally formulated by Moran [1] in 1954, has developed in the past fourteen years into a minor subfield of Applied Probability, closely allied to queueing theory. While dam models with discrete inputs are analogous to queueing processes, the essentially continuous nature of water inflows has distinguished generalized storage processes from queues. Indeed, some of the most complex of storage problems have arisen in the case of continuous flows.

Recent advances and new concepts for the synthesis of axially stereoenriched biaryls

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 3418-3430 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wencel-Delord ◽  
A. Panossian ◽  
F. R. Leroux ◽  
F. Colobert
Keyword(s):  
Chiral Compounds ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Axially Chiral ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Synthetic Routes

Over the past decade the field of the synthesis of axially chiral compounds has been rapidly expanding. Not only key advances have been achieved concerning the already established strategies but also new synthetic routes have been devised. This review showcases the recent developments in this domain.

scholarly journals Recent Advances of Actinomycetes

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Eung-Soo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Human Medicine ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Advances

The discovery and development of actinomycete secondary metabolites (ASMs) have played pivotal roles in the fields of human medicine and its related biotechnology sectors over the past several decades [...]

Year Four

1982 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-3
Author(s):  
R. J. H.
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
School Health ◽  
School Adjustment ◽  
Adolescent Medicine ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Adjustment Problems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Cluster Area

It does not seem possible we are beginning year IV of PREP. Those who have been with us since the beginning will recall that the Pediatrics Review in Education Program, PREP, is designed as a six-year cycle. Each year objectives are developed by panels of pediatricians drawn from practice and teaching for two areas: Recent Advances of importance to the general pediatrician and Topics for Annual Review. Recent Advances cover the entire field of pediatrics, but are limited to information developed in the past six years; Topics are limited to a cluster area with no time limitation. For the 1982/83 Year, the Topics for Annual Review include community health, school health, accidents, poisoning and trauma, athletics and physical fitness, learning disabilities and school adjustment problems, adolescent medicine, delinquency, and drug abuse.

Recent advances, challenges and prospects in ternary organic solar cells

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Congcong Zhao ◽  
Jiuxing Wang ◽  
Xuanyi Zhao ◽  
Zhonglin Du ◽  
Renqiang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Conversion Efficiencies

The past decade has seen a tremendous development of organic solar cells (OSCs). To date, the high-performance OSCs have boosted the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) over 17%, showing bright prospects...

scholarly journals Recent Advances in the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kapil Goyal ◽  
Kusum Sharma ◽  
Suma B Appannanavar
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Timely Initiation ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnostic Microbiology

ABSTRACT Tuberculosis is an important health problem requiring early diagnosis for timely initiation of therapy and control of disease transmission. Though, conventional techniques, such as detection of acid fast bacilli by Ziehl-Neelsen staining, are very economical, yet have a low sensitivity. Isolation of mycobacteria by culture on Lowenstein Jensen media, considered to be the gold standard, is not only time consuming but has a low sensitivity, especially in extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Recent advances in molecular techniques have revolutionized the diagnostic microbiology. Various new modalities in the diagnosis of tuberculosis, like LED microscopy, microscopically observed drug susceptibility testing (MODS), antigen detection tests along with various molecular methods, like loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), multiplex PCR and Xpert MTB/RIF, are discussed in the present review. How to cite this article Sharma K, Appannanavar SB, Goyal K, Sharma A. Recent Advances in the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2013;47(4):181-187.

scholarly journals RECENT ADVANCES IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION OF OIL POLLUTED SURFACE AND GROUNDWATER IN THE NIGERIAN CONTEXT

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 0416-0420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Ighalo ◽  
Adewale George Adeniyi ◽  
Kevin Shegun Otoikhian
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Research Trend ◽  
Policy Enforcement ◽  
Alternative Technologies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Proper Perspective ◽  
Surface And Groundwater

Over the years, Nigerian researchers in environmental engineering and chemistry have been evaluating a variety of technologies for the remediation of petroleum industry polluted surface and groundwater. In this mini-review, the recent advances in this regard over the past two years were evaluated. This was done as an appraisal of research efforts to understand the current research trend and gain a proper perspective of the required/needed future approach in the research area. It was observed that most studies are still focusing on evaluating the problems instead of finding actual solutions. Development of workable and novel solutions are urgently needed. It can be in the form of better remediation techniques or via the development of alternative technologies for utilizing the waste/pollutant materials. The paper has given a clear opinion on the progress of environmental protection and sustainability in the Nigerian context. The environmental regulations scenario in the country is marred by malpractices and corruption more stringent policy enforcement will help in the achievement of environmental protection.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Zwitterionic Hydrogels: Preparation, Property, and Biomedical Application

Gels ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Sihang Liu ◽  
Jingyi Tang ◽  
Fangqin Ji ◽  
Weifeng Lin ◽  
Shengfu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Nonspecific Protein Adsorption ◽  
Anionic Groups

Nonspecific protein adsorption impedes the sustainability of materials in biologically related applications. Such adsorption activates the immune system by quick identification of allogeneic materials and triggers a rejection, resulting in the rapid failure of implant materials and drugs. Antifouling materials have been rapidly developed in the past 20 years, from natural polysaccharides (such as dextran) to synthetic polymers (such as polyethylene glycol, PEG). However, recent studies have shown that traditional antifouling materials, including PEG, still fail to overcome the challenges of a complex human environment. Zwitterionic materials are a class of materials that contain both cationic and anionic groups, with their overall charge being neutral. Compared with PEG materials, zwitterionic materials have much stronger hydration, which is considered the most important factor for antifouling. Among zwitterionic materials, zwitterionic hydrogels have excellent structural stability and controllable regulation capabilities for various biomedical scenarios. Here, we first describe the mechanism and structure of zwitterionic materials. Following the preparation and property of zwitterionic hydrogels, recent advances in zwitterionic hydrogels in various biomedical applications are reviewed.

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