scholarly journals Advanced Neural Interface toward Bioelectronic Medicine Enabled by Micro-Patterned Shape Memory Polymer

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 720
Author(s):  
Youngjun Cho ◽  
Heejae Shin ◽  
Jaeu Park ◽  
Sanghoon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory ◽  
Shape Memory Polymer ◽  
Common Peroneal Nerve ◽  
Neural Interface ◽  
Autonomic Nerve ◽  
Autonomic Nerves ◽  
Pelvic Nerve ◽  
Bioelectronic Medicine ◽  
Small Branch ◽  
The Common

Recently, methods for the treatment of chronic diseases and disorders through the modulation of peripheral and autonomic nerves have been proposed. To investigate various treatment methods and results, experiments are being conducted on animals such as rabbits and rat. However the diameter of the targeted nerves is small (several hundred μm) and it is difficult to modulate small nerves. Therefore, a neural interface that is stable, easy to implant into small nerves, and is biocompatible is required. Here, to develop an advanced neural interface, a thiol-ene/acrylate-based shape memory polymer (SMP) was fabricated with a double clip design. This micro-patterned design is able to be implanted on a small branch of the sciatic nerve, as well as the parasympathetic pelvic nerve, using the shape memory effect (SME) near body temperature. Additionally, the IrO2 coated neural interface was implanted on the common peroneal nerve in order to perform electrical stimulation and electroneurography (ENG) recording. The results demonstrate that the proposed neural interface can be used for the modulation of the peripheral nerve, including the autonomic nerve, towards bioelectronic medicine.

scholarly journals Recent progress on peripheral neural interface technology towards bioelectronic medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngjun Cho ◽  
Jaeu Park ◽  
Chengkuo Lee ◽  
Sanghoon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Research Direction ◽  
Neural Interface ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Autonomic Nerves ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Bioelectronic Medicine ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Chronic Disease State

AbstractModulation of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) has a great potential for therapeutic intervention as well as restore bodily functions. Recent interest has focused on autonomic nerves, as they regulate extensive functions implicated in organ physiology, chronic disease state and appear tractable to targeted modulation of discrete nerve units. Therapeutic interventions based on specific bioelectronic neuromodulation depend on reliable neural interface to stimulate and record autonomic nerves. Furthermore, the function of stimulation and recording requires energy which should be delivered to the interface. Due to the physiological and anatomical challenges of autonomic nerves, various forms of this active neural interface need to be developed to achieve next generation of neural interface for bioelectronic medicine. In this article, we present an overview of the state-of-the-art for peripheral neural interface technology in relation to autonomic nerves. Also, we reveal the current status of wireless neural interface for peripheral nerve applications. Recent studies of a novel concept of self-sustainable neural interface without battery and electronic components are presented. Finally, the recent results of non-invasive stimulation such as ultrasound and magnetic stimulation are covered and the perspective of the future research direction is provided.

scholarly journals Switching microobjects from low to high aspect ratios using a shape-memory effect

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Friess ◽  
Andreas Lendlein ◽  
Christian Wischke
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory ◽  
Shape Memory Effect ◽  
Memory Effect ◽  
Shape Recovery ◽  
Shape Memory Polymer ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Switching Pattern ◽  
The Common

A switching pattern of polymer micronetwork (MN) particles towards increased rather than the common decreased aspect ratios has been realized. This feature is based on the programming of MN during the shape recovery of a second shape memory polymer.

scholarly journals Design of Shape Memory Thermoplastic Material Systems for FDM-Type Additive Manufacturing

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4254
Author(s):  
Paulina A. Quiñonez ◽  
Leticia Ugarte-Sanchez ◽  
Diego Bermudez ◽  
Paulina Chinolla ◽  
Rhyan Dueck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Thermomechanical Processing ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Shape Memory Polymer ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Materials Development ◽  
Thermoplastic Material ◽  
Polymer Systems ◽  
Injection Molded

The work presented here describes a paradigm for the design of materials for additive manufacturing platforms based on taking advantage of unique physical properties imparted upon the material by the fabrication process. We sought to further investigate past work with binary shape memory polymer blends, which indicated that phase texturization caused by the fused filament fabrication (FFF) process enhanced shape memory properties. In this work, two multi-constituent shape memory polymer systems were developed where the miscibility parameter was the guide in material selection. A comparison with injection molded specimens was also carried out to further investigate the ability of the FFF process to enable enhanced shape memory characteristics as compared to other manufacturing methods. It was found that blend combinations with more closely matching miscibility parameters were more apt at yielding reliable shape memory polymer systems. However, when miscibility parameters differed, a pathway towards the creation of shape memory polymer systems capable of maintaining more than one temporary shape at a time was potentially realized. Additional aspects related to impact modifying of rigid thermoplastics as well as thermomechanical processing on induced crystallinity are also explored. Overall, this work serves as another example in the advancement of additive manufacturing via materials development.

Autonomous Off‐Equilibrium Morphing Pathways of a Supramolecular Shape‐Memory Polymer

2021 ◽  
pp. 2102473
Author(s):  
Wenjun Peng ◽  
Guogao Zhang ◽  
Qian Zhao ◽  
Tao Xie
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory ◽  
Shape Memory Polymer

scholarly journals Pressure Orientation-Dependent Recovery of 3D-Printed PLA Objects with Varying Infill Degree

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Ehrmann ◽  
Andrea Ehrmann
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Static Load ◽  
Shape Memory Polymer ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Load Tests ◽  
3D Printed

Poly(lactic acid) is not only one of the most often used materials for 3D printing via fused deposition modeling (FDM), but also a shape-memory polymer. This means that objects printed from PLA can, to a certain extent, be deformed and regenerate their original shape automatically when they are heated to a moderate temperature of about 60–100 °C. It is important to note that pure PLA cannot restore broken bonds, so that it is necessary to find structures which can take up large forces by deformation without full breaks. Here we report on the continuation of previous tests on 3D-printed cubes with different infill patterns and degrees, now investigating the influence of the orientation of the applied pressure on the recovery properties. We find that for the applied gyroid pattern, indentation on the front parallel to the layers gives the worst recovery due to nearly full layer separation, while indentation on the front perpendicular to the layers or diagonal gives significantly better results. Pressing from the top, either diagonal or parallel to an edge, interestingly leads to a different residual strain than pressing from front, with indentation on top always firstly leading to an expansion towards the indenter after the first few quasi-static load tests. To quantitatively evaluate these results, new measures are suggested which could be adopted by other groups working on shape-memory polymers.

scholarly journals Harnessing reversible dry adhesion using shape memory polymer microparticles

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (32) ◽  
pp. 19616-19622
Author(s):  
Wenbing Li ◽  
Junhao Liu ◽  
Wanting Wei ◽  
Kun Qian
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory ◽  
Shape Memory Polymer ◽  
Shape Memory Polymers ◽  
Memory Effects ◽  
Reversible Adhesion ◽  
Dry Adhesion ◽  
Bonding Property ◽  
Shape Memory Effects ◽  
Polymer Microparticles

Shape memory polymers can provide excellent bonding property because of their shape memory effects. This paper proposes an adhesive unit that is capable of repeatable smart adhesion and exhibits reversible adhesion under heating.

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