scholarly journals Portable Device for Quick Detection of Viable Bacteria in Water

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1079
Author(s):  
Yu-Hsiang Liao ◽  
Karthickraj Muthuramalingam ◽  
Kuo-Hao Tung ◽  
Ho-Hsien Chuan ◽  
Ko-Yuan Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Phenazine Methosulfate ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide ◽  
Viable Bacteria ◽  
Quantitative Results

(1) Background: Access to clean water is a very important factor for human life. However, pathogenic microorganisms in drinking water often cause diseases, and convenient/inexpensive testing methods are urgently needed. (2) Methods: The reagent contains 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and phenazine methosulfate (PMS) and can react with succinate dehydrogenase within bacterial cell membranes to produce visible purple crystals. The colorimetric change of the reagent after reaction can be measured by a sensor (AS7262). (3) Results: Compared with traditional methods, our device is simple to operate and can provide rapid (i.e., 5 min) semi-quantitative results regarding the concentration of bacteria within a test sample. (4) Conclusions: This easy-to-use device, which employs MTT-PMS reagents, can be regarded as a potential and portable tool for rapid water quality determination.

scholarly journals Water quality in the Floridan Aquifer Region

EDIS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie A. Cooper ◽  
Martha C. Monroe
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Regional Economies ◽  
Floridan Aquifer ◽  
Impacts Of Human Activity

We rely on clean water to sustain human life, ecosystems, and food supply. In Florida and southwest Georgia, the Floridan Aquifer supplies much of the water we use. As populations grow and regional economies expand, the impacts of human activity on water pollution become more widespread. We must take preventative actions to minimize water pollution to maintain the quality of our water sources, and thus, our quality of life.

scholarly journals Pengelolaan Konsumsi Air Bersih pada Rumah Tangga di Kecamatan Peudada Kabupaten Bireun

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 657
Author(s):  
Zulhilmi Zulhilmi ◽  
Idawati Idawati
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Vital Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Water Quality Variable ◽  
Preliminary Study

<p>Clean water is one of the important needs in human life and a natural resource that has a very vital function. A preliminary study conducted in Peudada Subdistrict by visiting 20 community houses in several villages found that the community was increasingly aware of the importance of clean water, which led to increased demand for clean water. The purpose of the study was to analyze the factors that influence the level of implementation of management of clean water consumption in households in Peudada Subdistrict, Bireuen District in 2019. This type of research is a quantitative study conducted by analytic survey with cross sectional approach. The population is the number of all adolescents as many as 4,892 families, using the sample solvin formula in this study 98 families. The results showed that there was a relationship between family income and water consumption, with a probability value (0.029) &lt;sig_α = 0.05, there was a relationship between the number of family members with water consumption, with a probability value (0.019) &lt;sig_α = 0.05, there was a relationship family members with water consumption, with a probability value (0,000) &lt;sig_α = 0.05, there is a relationship between other clean water sources and water consumption, with a probability value (0.019) &lt;sig_α = 0.05 and the dominant clean water quality variable influences management clean water consumption because it has an EXP value (B) with an overall value of percentage = 64.3%.<br />Keyword : Management of Clean Water Consumption, Households</p><p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Air bersih merupakan salah satu kebutuhan penting dalam kehidupan manusia dan menjadi sumber daya alam yang memiliki fungsi sangat vital. Studi pendahuluan yang dilakukan di Kecamatan Peudada dengan mendatangi 20 rumah masyarakat di beberapa desa menemukan hasil bahwa masyarakat semakin sadar dengan pentingnya air bersih sehingga menyebabkan meningkatnya permintaan ait bersih. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis faktor yang memengaruhi tingkat penerapan pengelolaan konsumsi air bersih pada rumah tangga di Kecamatan Peudada Kabupaten Bireuen tahun 2019. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang dilakukan secara survey analitik dengan pendekatan crosssectional. Populasi adalah jumlah seluruh remaja sebanyak 4.892 KK, dengan menggunakan rumus solvin sampel dalam penelitian ini 98 KK. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan pendapatan keluarga dengan konsumsi air, dengan nilai probabilitasnya (0,029) &lt;sig_α = 0,05, ada hubungan jumlah anggota keluarga dengan konsumsi air, dengan nilai probabilitasnya (0,019) &lt;sig_α = 0,05, ada hubungan jumlah anggota keluarga dengan konsumsi air, dengan nilai probabilitasnya (0,000)&lt;sig_α = 0,05, ada hubungan sumber air bersih lain dengan konsumsi air, dengan nilai probabilitasnya (0,019)&lt;sig_α = 0,05 dan variabel kualitas air bersih dominan memengaruhi penerapan pengelolaan konsumsi air bersih karena memiliki nilai EXP (B) dengan nilai Overall percentage= 64,3%<br />Kata Kunci : Pengelolaan Konsumsi Air Bersih, Rumah Tangga</p>

STUDI PERBANDINGAN KUALITAS AIR BERSIH DALAM KAITANYA DENGAN AKTIVITAS MASYARAKAT DI SEKITAR SUMBER AIR PADA DESA WAINITU, BATUMERAH, AMAHUSU, DAN HALONG

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
Lela Uyara ◽  
Pieter Kunu ◽  
Silwanus M Talakua
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Total Coliform ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Water Quality Analysis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Standard Quality

The study aims to determine the quality of clean water in the villages of Wainitu, Batumerah, Amahusu and Halong by comparing the result of water quality analysis with water quality standard. Water quality analysis includes Physiscal, Chemical, and Microbiological parameters. This research uses descriptive method, this method describes systematics, accurate about facts and characteristic of the quality of clean water of each research location. The results showed that the source of clean water in the village of Batumerah did not meet the standard of clean water quality standards indicated by the number of E. coli and the high total coliform.  Keywords: standard quality of clean water, water quality, Wainitu, Batumerah, Amahusu and Halong villages   ABSTRAK Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk menetapkan kualitas air bersih di Desa Wainitu, Batumerah, Amahusu dan Halong, dengan membandingkan hasil analisis kualitas air dengan standar baku mutu air bersih. Analisis kualitas air meliputi parameter fisika, kimia dan mikrobiologi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif; metode ini menggambarkan sicara sistematis, akurat, fakta dan karakteristik mengenai kualitas air bersih di masing-masing lokasi penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sumber air bersih di Desa Batumerah tidak memenuhi standar baku mutu air bersih yang ditunjukkan oleh jumlah E. coli dan total Koliform yang tinggi. Kata Kunci: baku mutu air bersih, Desa Wainitu, Batumerah, Amahusu dan Halong, kualitas air

GOVERNMENT RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT PEOPLE’S RIGHTS OVER THE CLEAN WATER

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nadzir
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Human Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Responsibility To Protect ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
State Control ◽  
Government Responsibility ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

Water plays a very important role in supporting human life and other living beings as goods that meet public needs. Water is one of the declared goods controlled by the state as mentioned in the constitution of the republic of Indonesia. The state control over water indicated that water management can bring justice and prosperity for all Indonesian people. However, in fact, water currently becomes a product commercialized by individuals and corporations. It raised a question on how the government responsibility to protect the people's right to clean water. This study found that in normative context, the government had been responsible in protecting the people’s right over the clean water. However, in practical context, it found that the government had not fully protected people's right over clean water. The government still interpreted the state control over water in the form of creating policies, establishing a set of regulations, conducting management, and also supervision.

Water Quality of Swimming Pools in Jerusalem

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lerman ◽  
O. Lev ◽  
A. Adin ◽  
E. Katzenelson
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Pathogenic Microorganisms ◽  
Swimming Pools ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Indicator Microorganisms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Indirect Information

The Israel Ministry of Health is now revising its regulations for the assurance of safe water quality in public swimming pools. Since it is not possible to monitor each of the pathogenic microorganisms, it is often recommended to monitor indicator bacteria which provide indirect information on the water quality in the swimming pool. Three indicator microorganisms are often recommended: coliform counts (total coliforms, fecal coliforms or E. Coli), staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa. A four year survey of the water quality of swimming pools in the Jerusalem District was conducted in order to determine whether the monitoring of all three indicators is necessary to assure safe water quality or is it sufficient to monitor only a single microorganism. A statistical analysis, conducted by using several different statistical techniques, reveals that the populations of the three indicator organisms are significantly interdependent but the correlations between each pair of these indicators are not sufficient to base a prediction of any of the organisms based on the measurements of the others. Therefore, it is concluded that monitoring of all three indicators should be recommended in order to provide an adequate picture of the water quality in swimming pools.

scholarly journals Water Quality and Life Expectancy: Parallel Courses in Time

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 752
Author(s):  
Andreas N. Angelakis ◽  
Heikki S. Vuorinen ◽  
Christos Nikolaidis ◽  
Petri S. Juuti ◽  
Tapio S. Katko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Improved Sanitation ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Concomitant Factors

Since ancient times, the need for healthy water has resulted in the development of various kinds of water supply systems. From early history, civilizations have developed water purification devices and treatment methods. The necessity for fresh water has influenced individual lives as well as communities and societies. During the last two hundred years, intensive and effective efforts have been made internationally for sufficient water quantity and quality. At the same time, human life expectancy has increased all over the globe at unprecedented rates. The present work represents an effort to sketch out how water purity and life expectancy have entangled, thus influencing one another. Water properties and characteristics have directly affected life quality and longevity. The dramatic increase in life expectancy has been, indisputably, affected by the improvement in water quality, but also in other concomitant factors, varying temporally and spatially in different parts of the world throughout the centuries. Water technologies and engineering have an unequivocal role on life expectancy. In some cases, they appear to have taken place earlier than the progress of modern medicine. Among these, improved sanitation, personal hygiene, progress in medicine, and better standards of economic living have played the greatest roles.

scholarly journals Picking Up Where the TMDL Leaves Off: Using the Partnership Wild and Scenic River Framework for Collaborative River Restoration

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1878
Author(s):  
Alan R. Hunt ◽  
Meiyin Wu ◽  
Tsung-Ta David Hsu ◽  
Nancy Roberts-Lawler ◽  
Jessica Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Clean Water Act ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Private Land ◽  
The Public ◽  
Wild And Scenic Rivers

The National Wild and Scenic Rivers Act protects less than ¼ of a percent of the United States’ river miles, focusing on free-flowing rivers of good water quality with outstandingly remarkable values for recreation, scenery, and other unique river attributes. It predates the enactment of the Clean Water Act, yet includes a clear anti-degradation principle, that pollution should be reduced and eliminated on designated rivers, in cooperation with the federal Environmental Protection Agency and state pollution control agencies. However, the federal Clean Water Act lacks a clear management framework for implementing restoration activities to reduce non-point source pollution, of which bacterial contamination impacts nearly 40% of the Wild and Scenic Rivers. A case study of the Musconetcong River, in rural mountainous New Jersey, indicates that the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act can be utilized to mobilize and align non-governmental, governmental, philanthropic, and private land-owner resources for restoring river water quality. For example, coordinated restoration efforts on one tributary reduced bacterial contamination by 95%, surpassing the TMDL goal of a 93% reduction. Stakeholder interviews and focus groups indicated widespread knowledge and motivation to improve water quality, but resource constraints limited the scale and scope of restoration efforts. The authors postulate that the Partnership framework, enabled in the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act, facilitated neo-endogenous rural development through improving water quality for recreational usage, whereby bottom-up restoration activities were catalyzed via federal designation and resource provision. However, further efforts to address water quality via voluntary participatory frameworks were ultimately limited by the public sector’s inadequate funding and inaction with regard to water and wildlife resources in the public trust.

scholarly journals Tinjauan Perencanaan Kebutuhan Air Baku Pandang – Pandang Kabupaten Gowa

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ratna Musa ◽  
Ali Mallombassi ◽  
Masud SAR ◽  
Andi Nabilah Aizi Anri ◽  
La Ode Muh. Alamsyah
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Domestic Service ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Mineral Element ◽  
Basic Word ◽  
Dominant Activity ◽  
Method Approach

Air merupakan unsur yang sangat berperan dalam kehidupan khususnya untuk kehidupan manusia. Bukan hanya karena 80% tubuh manusia terdiri dari air, akan tetapi karena didalam air terdapat unsur mineral yang diperlukan untuk perkembangan dan tumbuh fisik manusia. Kebutuhan air menignkat seiring dengan meningkatnya pertambahan jumlah penduduk, hal ini merupakan masalah yang terjadi pada sebagian daerah yang ada di Indonesia. Proyeksi jumlah penduduk dimaksudkan untuk memperkirakan jumlah penduduk suatu daerah dimasa yang akan dating. Untuk menentukan berapa tingkat pertambahan jumlah penduduk, dapat dihitung dengan menggunakan pendekatanMatematical Method. Secara etimologi kebutuhan berasal dari kata dasar “butuh” yang mempunyai arti perlu, jadi kebutuhan air berarti keperluan air. Sedangkan menurut terminology kata kebutuhan besinonim dengan kata pemakaian, jadi kebutuhan air  dapat diartikan menjadi pemakaian air untuk keperluan hidup seseorang. Kebutuhan air bersih untuk pelayanan domestic merupakan kebutuhan yang sifatnya mendasar (pokok) atau pelayanan kebutuhan yang digunakan untuk keperluan rumah tangga. Pelayanan kebutuhan air bersih untuk pelayanan non domestic seperti: niaga, social, industry dan instansi pemerintahan merupakan kegiatan yang dominan dalam suatu kota yang membutuhkan air dalam jumlah yang cukup besar, sehingga kebutuhan air bersih untuk kegiatan ini perlu dihitung. Agar kita mendapatkan jumlah total kebutuhan non domestic.Water is a very important element in life, especially for human life. Not only because 80% of the human body is made up of water, but because in water there is a mineral element needed for the development and physical growth of humans. The need for water increases along with the increase in population, this is a problem that occurs in some regions in Indonesia. The projected population is intended to estimate the population of a region in the future. To determine the level of population growth, can be calculated using the Matematical Method approach. Etymologically, the need comes from the basic word "need" which has the necessary meaning, so the need for water means the need for water. Whereas according to the terminology the word needs besinonim with the word usage, so the need for water can be interpreted to be the use of water for the needs of one's life. The need for clean water for domestic service is a basic need (basic) or service needs that are used for household needs. The service for clean water needs for non-domestic services such as: commerce, social, industry and government agencies is the dominant activity in a city that needs a large amount of water, so the need for clean water for this activity needs to be calculated. So that we get the total amount of non-domestic needs. 

scholarly journals Quantitative peel test for thin films/layers based on a coupled parametric and statistical study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maysam Rezaee ◽  
Li-Chih Tsai ◽  
Muhammad Istiaque Haider ◽  
Armin Yazdi ◽  
Ehsan Sanatizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Statistical Study ◽  
Peel Test ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Register Variation ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Test Methodology ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Resultant Forces

AbstractThe adhesion strength of thin films is critical to the durability of micro and nanofabricated devices. However, current testing methods are imprecise and do not produce quantitative results necessary for design specifications. The most common testing methods involve the manual application and removal of unspecified tape. This overcome many of the challenges of connecting to thin films to test their adhesion properties but different tapes, variation in manual application, and poorly controlled removal of tape can result in wide variation in resultant forces. Furthermore, the most common tests result in a qualitative ranking of film survival, not a measurement with scientific units. This paper presents a study into application and peeling parameters that can cause variation in the peeling force generated by tapes. The results of this study were then used to design a test methodology that would control the key parameters and produced repeatable quantitative measurements. Testing using the resulting method showed significant improvement over more standard methods, producing measured results with reduced variation. The new method was tested on peeling a layer of paint from a PTFE backing and was found to be sensitive enough to register variation in force due to differing peeling mechanisms within a single test.

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