scholarly journals Interactive Manipulation of Nonconductive Microparticles in Scanning Electron Microscope by a Virtual Nano-hand Strategy

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 670
Author(s):  
Liu ◽  
Cheng ◽  
Qin ◽  
Wei ◽  
Borom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Ordered Structures ◽  
Step Motion ◽  
Nano Scale ◽  
Actual Operation ◽  
Interaction Strategy ◽  
Interactive Manipulation ◽  
Improve Reliability ◽  
Scanning Electron

Micro/nano-manipulation is the fabrication of particular constructs on devices at the micro/nano-scale. Precise manipulation of microparticles is one of the key technological difficulties in manufacturing micro/nano-scale components. Based on scanning electron microscopy and nanomanipulator, this paper adopts a direct push method to operate randomly distributed microparticles into ordered structures. A two-probe interaction strategy is proposed to enable microparticle movements in all directions efficiently and avoid scratching the substrate surface. To overcome the uncertainties in micromanipulation, a virtual nano-hand strategy was also implemented: long-range advance of each microparticle is realized by multiple single-step pushes, whose trajectory is theoretically analyzed. The pushes are well programmed to imitate effects of a more powerful and determined hand. Experimental results show that the theoretical single-step motion trajectory is in line with actual operation, and the proposed strategy can ensure precise operation of the microparticles in all directions and improve reliability and effectiveness of operation.

Focused Ion Beam Analysis of Low-K Dielectrics

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Bender ◽  
R. A. Donaton
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Beam Analysis ◽  
Low K ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The characteristics of an organic low-k dielectric during investigation by focused ion beam (FIB) are discussed for the different FIB application modes: cross-section imaging, specimen preparation for transmission electron microscopy, and via milling for device modification. It is shown that the material is more stable under the ion beam than under the electron beam in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) or in the transmission electron microscope (TEM). The milling of the material by H2O vapor assistance is strongly enhanced. Also by applying XeF2 etching an enhanced milling rate can be obtained so that both the polymer layer and the intermediate oxides can be etched in a single step.

scholarly journals Effects of Long Durations of RF–Magnetron Sputtering Deposition of Hydroxyapatite on Titanium Dental Implants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihab Nabeel Safi ◽  
Basima Mohammed Ali Hussein ◽  
Hikmat J. Aljudy ◽  
Mustafa S. Tukmachi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
P Value ◽  
Edx Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract Objectives Dental implant is a revolution in dentistry; some shortages are still a focus of research. This study use long duration of radiofrequency (RF)–magnetron sputtering to coat titanium (Ti) implant with hydroxyapatite (HA) to obtain a uniform, strongly adhered in a few micrometers in thickness. Materials and Methods Two types of substrates: discs and root form cylinders were prepared using a grade 1 commercially pure (CP) Ti rod. A RF–magnetron sputtering device was used to coat specimens with HA. Magnetron sputtering was set at 150 W for 22 hours at 100°C under continuous argon gas flow and substrate rotation at 10 rpm. Coat properties were evaluated via field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, atomic force microscopy, and Vickers hardness (VH). Student’s t-test was used. Results All FESEM images showed a homogeneous, continuous, and crack-free HA coat with a rough surface. EDX analysis revealed inclusion of HA particles within the substrate surface in a calcium (Ca)/phosphorus (P) ratio (16.58/11.31) close to that of HA. Elemental and EDX analyses showed Ca, Ti, P, and oxygen within Ti. The FESEM views at a cross-section of the substrate showed an average of 7 µm coat thickness. Moreover, these images revealed a dense, compact, and uniform continuous adhesion between the coat layer and the substrate. Roughness result indicated highly significant difference between uncoated Ti and HA coat (p-value < 0.05). A significant improvement in the VH value was observed when coat hardness was compared with the Ti substrate hardness (p-value < 0.05). Conclusion Prolonged magnetron sputtering successfully coat Ti dental implants with HA in micrometers thickness which is well adhered essentially in excellent osseointegration.

scholarly journals Laser-Induced Deposition of Plasmonic Ag and Pt Nanoparticles, and Periodic Arrays

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Daria V. Mamonova ◽  
Anna A. Vasileva ◽  
Yuri V. Petrov ◽  
Denis V. Danilov ◽  
Ilya E. Kolesnikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Pt Nanoparticles ◽  
Single Step ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Periodic Arrays ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Surface Decoration ◽  
Wide Potential

Surfaces functionalized with metal nanoparticles (NPs) are of great interest due to their wide potential applications in sensing, biomedicine, nanophotonics, etc. However, the precisely controllable decoration with plasmonic nanoparticles requires sophisticated techniques that are often multistep and complex. Here, we present a laser-induced deposition (LID) approach allowing for single-step surface decoration with NPs of controllable composition, morphology, and spatial distribution. The formation of Ag, Pt, and mixed Ag-Pt nanoparticles on a substrate surface was successfully demonstrated as a result of the LID process from commercially available precursors. The deposited nanoparticles were characterized with SEM, TEM, EDX, X-ray diffraction, and UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy, which confirmed the formation of crystalline nanoparticles of Pt (3–5 nm) and Ag (ca. 100 nm) with plasmonic properties. The advantageous features of the LID process allow us to demonstrate the spatially selective deposition of plasmonic NPs in a laser interference pattern, and thereby, the formation of periodic arrays of Ag NPs forming diffraction grating

On the Influence of a Heat Treat for an Aluminizing Progress Based on Al Microparticles Slurry for Model Ni and Ni20Cr. Experimental and Theoretical Approaches.

2012 ◽  
Vol 323-325 ◽  
pp. 373-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Rannou ◽  
M. Mollard ◽  
B. Bouchaud ◽  
J. Balmain ◽  
G. Bonnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Alloying Element ◽  
Aluminum Particles ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Barrier Coating ◽  
Coating Characteristics ◽  
Good Agreement

The use of thermal barrier coating systems allows superalloys to withstand higher operating temperatures in aeroengine turbines. Aiming at providing oxidation protection to such substrates, an aluminum-rich layer is deposited to form the α-Al2O3scale over which a ceramic layer (i.e. YSZ layer) is applied to provide thermal insulation. A new approach is now being investigated within the FP7 European project « PARTICOAT », in which a single step process is employed by applying micro-sized aluminum particles. The particles are mixed in a binder and deposited by brushing or spraying on the substrate surface. During a heat treatment, the particles sinter and oxidize to form a top coat composed of hollow con-joint alumina spheres and simultaneously, an Al-rich diffusion zone is formed in the substrate. For a better understanding of the diffusion / growth processes, preliminary tests were carried out on pure nickel and Ni20Cr model alloys prior to further application on commercial superalloys. The effect of the heat treatment on the coating characteristics (number of layers, thickness, composition, homogeneity, etc.) was particularly investigated to emphasize the mechanisms of diffusion governing the growth of the coatings. The establishment of the diffused layers occurred very readily even at intermediate temperatures (650 and 700°C). However, the layers formed did not match perfectly with the thermodynamic modeling because of the quick incorporation of Ni into molten Al at intermediate temperatures (650°C). In contrast, at higher temperatures (700 and 1100°C) the phases predicted by Thermocalc are in good agreement with the observed thickness of the diffused layers. The incorporation of Cr as an alloying element restrained Al ingress by segregation of Cr even at very low temperatures aluminizing temperatures (625°C).

Homogenization Treatment to Optimize the Microstructures of the Al-3.5Cu-1.5Li Alloy and Analysis of Al3Zr Precipitates

2018 ◽  
Vol 921 ◽  
pp. 195-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Jun Xu ◽  
Mang Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometry ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Experimental Alloy ◽  
Composition Distribution ◽  
Double Step ◽  
Homogenization Treatment ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

The microstructure evolution and composition distribution of the cast Al-3.5Cu-1.5Li-0.11Zr alloy during single-step and double-step homogenization were studied with the help of the optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods. The results show that severe dendrite segregation exists in the experimental alloy. Six different homogenization treatments, conventional one-stage homogenization and double-stage homogenization are carried out, and the best homogenization treatment of the experimental alloys was achieved. Moreover, the precipitation of Al3Zr particles was significantly different after two kinds of homogenization in the experimental alloy. Compared with the single-stage homogenization, a finer particle size and distribution more diffuse of Al3Zr particles can be obtained in the double-stage homogenization treatment.

Effect of Double-Step Solution Treatment on Rejuvenation Heat Treated Microstructure of IN-738 Superalloy

2020 ◽  
Vol 856 ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Chuleeporn Paa-Rai
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Double Step ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Cast Superalloy ◽  
Scanning Electron

This work investigates the effect of rejuvenation heat treatment, with double-step solution treatment at the temperature from 1150 °C to 1200 °C, on the recovered microstructure of IN-738 cast superalloy. The superalloy has been long-term exposed as a turbine blade in a gas turbine prior to this study. After double solution treatment and aging at 845 °C for 12 h and 24 h, the recovered microstructures were examined by using a scanning electron microscope. Coarse γ΄ particles, that have presented in damaged microstructures, could not be observed in the samples after the rejuvenation heat treatment. In addition, the image analysis illustrates that the reprecipitated γ΄ particles in the samples with double-step solution treatments increase significantly in sizes during aging than that in the samples with the single-step solution treatment. Furthermore, the measurement of the samples hardness presents that the as-receive sample hardness is improved after rejuvenation heat treatment studied in this work.

Development of Piezo-Spectroscopic Techniques for Nano-Scale Stress Analysis in the Scanning Electron Microscope of Zirconia Bioceramics Based on Rare-Earth Fluorescence

2006 ◽  
Vol 309-311 ◽  
pp. 1215-1218
Author(s):  
Kiyotaka Yamada ◽  
Junji Ikeda ◽  
Giuseppe Pezzotti
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Spectral Shift ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Rare Earth Ion ◽  
Fluorescent Band ◽  
Nano Scale ◽  
Scanning Electron

The electro-stimulated luminescence spectrum of a rare-earth ion added to zirconia (ZrO2) lattice was investigated with the aim of using it as a sensor for nano-scale stress (fluorescence piezo-spectroscopy) and phase transformation assessments in a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). In this paper, the selected rare-earth fluorescent ion Eu, added to ZrO2 as a raw oxide powder (Eu2O3) before sintering (in the amount of 1.0 wt. %). Spectroscopic results indicated that the spectral shift of some fluorescent band of the selected rare-earth ion was sensitive to residual stress and that the electron-stimulated spectra of Eu2O3-doped ZrO2 in its tetragonal and monoclinic polymorphs were different to each other. Based on these findings, the luminescent substance can be useful as a “stress and phase transformation sensor”, in order to clarify the elementary mechanisms behind synthetic ZrO2.

The formation of copper aluminate by solid-state reaction

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 1958-1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
David W. Susnitzky ◽  
C. Barry Carter
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Electron Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Alumina Substrate ◽  
Solid State Reactions ◽  
Phase Boundaries ◽  
Copper Aluminate ◽  
Scanning Electron

Solid-state reactions between bulk samples of copper oxide and alumina have been studied using scanning electron microscopy and electron microprobe analysis. Both CuAl2O4 and CuAlO2 were found to form during reactions in air at 1100 °C between CuO powder and single-crystal alumina substrates. The relative position of the CuAl2O4 and CuAlO2 layers was observed to depend on the crystallographic orientation of the surface of the alumina substrate: CuAl2O4 formed in contact with (0001) alumina substrates while CuAlO2 formed when the alumina substrate surface was (110). Faceted Cu–aluminate/alumina phase boundaries were observed to develop when single-crystal alumina rods were reacted with CuO, although the interfaces invariably tended to be wavy.

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