scholarly journals Assessment of Stickiness with Pressure Distribution Sensor Using Offset Magnetic Force

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Kameoka ◽  
Akifumi Takahashi ◽  
Vibol Yem ◽  
Hiroyuki Kajimoto ◽  
Kohei Matsumori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Magnetic Force ◽  
Tensile Force ◽  
Human Computer Interactions ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Intense Research

The quantification of stickiness experienced upon touching a sticky or adhesive substance has attracted intense research attention, particularly for application to haptics, virtual reality, and human–computer interactions. Here, we develop and evaluate a device that quantifies the feeling of stickiness experienced upon touching an adhesive substance. Keeping in mind that a typical pressure distribution sensor can only measure a pressing force, but not a tensile force, in our setup, we apply an offset pressure to a pressure distribution sensor and measure the tensile force generated by an adhesive substance as the difference from the offset pressure. We propose a method of using a magnetic force to generate the offset pressure and develop a measuring device using a magnet that attracts magnetic pin arrays and pin magnets; the feasibility of the method is verified with a first prototype. We develop a second prototype that overcomes the noise problems of the first, arising from the misalignment of the pins owing to the bending of the magnetic force lines at the sensor edges. We also obtain measurement results for actual samples and standard viscosity liquids. Our findings indicate the feasibility of our setup as a suitable device for measuring stickiness.

scholarly journals Investigations on the Optical Properties of InGaN/GaN Multiple Quantum Wells with Varying GaN Cap Layer Thickness

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowei Wang ◽  
Feng Liang ◽  
Degang Zhao ◽  
Zongshun Liu ◽  
Jianjun Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Quantum Wells ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Stark Effect ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Multiple Quantum ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Cap Layer ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Three InGaN/GaN MQWs samples with varying GaN cap layer thickness were grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) to investigate the optical properties. We found that a thicker cap layer is more effective in preventing the evaporation of the In composition in the InGaN quantum well layer. Furthermore, the quantum-confined Stark effect (QCSE) is enhanced with increasing the thickness of GaN cap layer. In addition, compared with the electroluminescence measurement results, we focus on the difference of localization states and defects in three samples induced by various cap thickness to explain the anomalies in room temperature photoluminescence measurements. We found that too thin GaN cap layer will exacerbates the inhomogeneity of localization states in InGaN QW layer, and too thick GaN cap layer will generate more defects in GaN cap layer.

scholarly journals Magnetic-Measuring Square in the Measurement of the Circular Curve of Rail Transport Tracks

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Kampczyk
Keyword(s):  
Operating Mode ◽  
Laser Wavelength ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Railway Track ◽  
Actual Condition ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Beam Laser ◽  
Magnetic Measuring ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Circular Curve

In rail transport, measuring the actual condition of a circular curve of a railway track is a key element of track position monitoring not only during operation but also during final works. Predicting changes in its position in the horizontal plane is one of the most important related scientific issues. This paper presents the results of measurements performed with an innovative measuring device called the Magnetic-Measuring Square (MMS). The aim of the research was to demonstrate the acceptability of using the MMS. Horizontal versines of a rail track curve were measured as three neighboring points on a curve (using the method of lacing/stringlining, also called the three-point or the Hallade method), and the perpendicularity of rail joints and shortenings were measured. The MMS device presented in this article was used to measure versines and differences in rails lengths (rail shortenings in the curve) in the operating mode involving a laser distance meter with a laser beam (laser power P < 1 mW, laser wavelength λ = 635 nm) with a target cross, a camera, and a surveying measuring disk. The measurement results confirmed that it is possible to employ the MMS to monitor the geometry of railway track fragments such as track transition curves and railway track curves in rail transport.

scholarly journals Visualizing molecular structures and shapes: a comparison of virtual reality, computer simulation, and traditional modeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Corina E. Brown ◽  
Ben Whaley ◽  
Richard M. Hyslop
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Chemistry Education ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Molecular Geometry ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Chemistry Students ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Students Attitudes

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of three methods used to assist in teaching molecular geometry to college chemistry students. A pre- and post-test quasi-experiment was used to collect data about students’ performance in a given chemistry exercise. One research question was intended to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of the three methods in assisting students to understand the topic and carry out the exercise correctly, and a second research question addressed students’ attitudes towards the use of Virtual Reality (VR) in chemistry education. Results show a positive attitude towards the use of VR as an assisting tool to aid in understanding chemistry concepts. While the difference among the three methods was not significant, the results show that the VR brought more enthusiasm and positive attitudes toward the topic of molecular geometry among the students. Educational implications and recommendations for future research are presented as well.

scholarly journals MODELING OF THE SPREAD OF MOTOR TRANSPORT NOISE IN ŠIAULIAI CITY / AUTOTRANSPORTO TRIUKŠMO SKLAIDOS ŠIAULIUOSE MODELIAVIMAS / МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ РАССЕЯНИЯ ТРАНСПОРТНОГО ШУМА В ГОРОДЕ ШЯУЛЯЙ

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonas Paulauskas ◽  
Robertas Klimas
Keyword(s):  
Personal Computer ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Noise Measurement ◽  
Motor Transport ◽  
City Environment ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Environment Noise ◽  
Level Detector

Rapidly growing urbanization causes the increase of noise level of various sources, that have a negative impact upon people's health. The contribution of noise caused by motor transport in city environment composes up to 80% of general impact of all the sources. The article presents the results of modeling of the spread of motor transport noise of Šiauliai city, maps of motor transport noise, recommendations for management of environment noise. MapNoise programme module, adapted to work in the ArcGIS Desktop 9.1 environment, was used for modeling motor transport noise. Noise measurement researches have been carried out using digital noise isolator Nor121, completed with digital level detector. NorXfar software was used to send the data to personal computer. Having evaluated the validity of modeling results it has been determined that the difference between the night noise modeling and measurement results does not exceed 2.2%, and varies from 0.5dB(A) to 1.1 dB(A). The obtained results indicate that 7.2% of the apartments of all city residents are influenced by the LDEN noise that exceeds the permitted noise level (LDEN >65 dB(A)) and 31.2% of the apartments of the residents are influenced by night noise that exceeds the permitted noise level (LN > 55 dB(A)). Santrauka Sparčiai vykstant urbanizacijos procesui, kinta įvairių šaltinių keliamo triukšmo lygis, didėja neigiama įtaka žmonių sveikatai. Miestų aplinkoje iki 80 % visuminio visų triukšmo šaltinių poveikio tenka autotransporto keliamam triukšmui.Straipsnyje pateikta autotransporto triukšmo sklaidos Šiauliuose modeliavimo rezultatai, autotransporto triukšmo žemėlapiai, aplinkos triukšmo valdymo rekomendacijos. Autotransporto triukšmui modeliuoti naudotas MapNoise programinismodulis, pritaikytas darbui ArcGIS Desktop 9.1 aplinkoje. Iš rezultatų matyti, kad 7,2% visų miesto gyventojų būstų yra veikiami paros triukšmo, viršijančio leidžiamąjį triukšmo lygį (LDVN > 65 dB(A)), ir 31,2% gyventojų būstų veikiami nakties triukšmo, viršijančio leidžiamąjį triukšmo lygį (LN > 55 dB(A)). Įvertinus modeliavimo rezultatų patikimumą nustatyta, kad paros ir nakties triukšmo modeliavimo ir matavimo rezultatų neatitiktis neviršija 2,2 % ir svyruoja nuo 0,5dB(A) iki 1,1dB(A). Резюме При быстром росте урбанизации увеличивается уровень шума, создаваемого разными источниками и отрицательно влияющего на здоровье населения. Шум от автотранспорта в городах составляет около 80% от всех источников шума. В статье представлены результаты моделирования рассеяния шума от автотранспорта в городеШяуляй, карты автотранспортного шума, рекомендации по управлению шумом в окружающей среде. Приизмерении шума был использован числовой анализатор шума № 121, укомплектованный с числовым детекторомуровня RMS. Для передачи данных в персональный компьютер использована программа NorXfer. Для моделирования автотранспортного шума использован программный модуль MapNoise, приспособленный дляработы в среде ArcGIS desktop 9.1. При анализе достоверности результатов моделирования было установлено, чтоих отличие от результатов измерения шума в течение суток и ночное время не превышает 2,2% и колеблется от0,5дБ(A) до 1,1дБ(A). Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о том, что 7,2% жилых помещений городаподвергаются суточному шуму, уровень которого превышает допустимый (LDVN > 65 дБ(A)) и 31,2% жилыхпомещенийгородаподвергаютсяшумувночноевремя,уровень которогопревышаетдопустимый (LN > 55дБ(A)).

scholarly journals Efektifitas Pembayangan yang dihasilkan Pohon dan Bangunan di Koridor Jalan Perkotaan Untuk Mencapai Kenyamanan Termal

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Jockie Zudhy Fibrianto ◽  
Mochamad Hilmy
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Road ◽  
Analysis Phase ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Road Corridors ◽  
East West

The road corridor in Pontianak City has different shading output depending on the sun orientation. The difference has caused a temperature difference that affects the pedestrian thermal comfort along the corridor. Identification and measurement of shading temperatures that occur due to buildings and trees were carried out for three days in each afternoon with relatively similar weather conditions. The road corridor that becomes the research location was at A. Yani St.-Gajah Mada St.-Tanjung Pura St., which has a North-South orientation and Teuku Umar St.-Diponegoro St.-Sisingamangaraja St., who has an East-West direction. The analysis phase is done by comparing the effectiveness of imagery produced by buildings and trees. After that, the identification and measurement results are compared with Indonesian thermal comfort standards SNI T-14-1993-03 to obtain suitable thermal comfort in the road corridors in Pontianak City.

scholarly journals Role of Stress on Women’s Health: Causes and Prevention

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Razia Saleem ◽  
Shamsul Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
General Condition ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
The Body ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
After Hours ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Intense Research

In recent years, stress has been the focus of intense research attention. Stress is a misfit between the demands of the environment and the individual’s abilities; the imbalance may be corrected, according to the situation, either by adjusting external demands to fit the individual or by strengthening the individual’s ability to cope or both. Everyone is exposed to stress, and a great number of people have experienced the traces of stress. Women are socialized to be the caretakers of others. More women than men have both a career outside the home and continue to try to juggle traditional responsibilities after hours. It has often been shown that women are the worriers and often do not make time to manage their health and take care of themselves. Stress is on the rise for women as they struggle to find a balance between their homes and careers. The recession has caused a greater need for women to work outside of the home to support their families. Health is a general condition of the body or mind with reference to soundness and vigor; it will be reflected by good or poor health. A poor health affects our mind, as a stressed life affects our health. The struggle that women confront each days trying to achieve the standards of being a daughter, women, wife, mother, house, and/ or career keeper puts us in a vulnerable position of presenting stress effects that may affect our health. And there are some preventive measures to cope with stress such as meditation, yoga, quality time etc.

scholarly journals Design Lighting Quality Based on DIALux Evo 8.1

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
R. Febriyursandi ◽  
A.Z. Azryenni ◽  
A. Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Lighting System ◽  
Class A ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Lighting Systems

This research develops and implements methods for calculating lighting systems for classrooms in the Khairul Ummah Boarding School. The lumen is used to determine the number of luminaires needed to improve lighting quality following SNI 6197:2011. The number of luminaires obtained from this study was entered into the DIALux Evo 8.1 software. The results obtained of this study indicate that the lighting in the classroom at Khairul Ummah Boarding School didn’t reach the recommended standard, the direct measurement results of the average lighting level of class A was 10.79 lux, while the class X-IPA-3 was 11.66 lux. To improve this condition, class A requires 15 luminaires, and X-IPA-3 requires 12 luminaires. The difference in the results obtained from the two calculations for class A is 0.6%, and X-IPA-3 is 3.4%. Investment costs are needed to improve the lighting system in these classes worth Rp.2,700,000.00 to provide 27 lamps.

scholarly journals Difference between the Real World and Virtual World

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Real World ◽  
Virtual World ◽  
Actual World ◽  
Scientific Representation ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Difference

The development of virtual reality brings an old and historic question on the difference between the real world and unreal world. In this paper, starting from the concept of representation, I argued that what we call “virtual reality” is a representation of an actual or non-actual world and the criterion of difference between the “real world” and “virtual reality” is whether we present it with the intention of using it as a representation. After that, the thesis is demonstrated again from different theories of scientific representation. Therefore, the intuitive distinction between the “real world” and “virtual reality” can be drawn on the epistemological criterion; that is to say, the virtual world is a representation while the real world is not.

scholarly journals Virtual/reality: how to tell the difference

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-27
Author(s):  
Janet H. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Difference

With the advent of mass consumer virtual reality (VR) headsets and controllers in the second decade of the 20th century, some experts have predicted we are on a path toward losing the distinction between the real and the virtual. These predictions overstate the empirical evidence for the effects of VR; ignore its technical limitations; take for granted highly speculative claims about the nature of consciousness; and, most fundamentally, lose sight of the continuities between VR and other representational media. This article argues against thinking of VR as a magical technology for creating seamless illusions. Instead it situates VR as an emerging medium within an evolving community that is beginning to develop the media conventions to support sustained interaction and immersion. The future of VR is not an inevitable and delusional metaverse but a medium of representation that will always require our active creation of belief.

The Promise of Virtual Reality Headsets: Can They be Used to Measure Accurately Drivers’ Hazard Anticipation Performance?

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (10) ◽  
pp. 455-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesh Pai Mangalore ◽  
Yalda Ebadi ◽  
Siby Samuel ◽  
Michael A. Knodler ◽  
Donald L. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Dependent Measure ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Young Drivers ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Open Road ◽  
Measures Of Performance

The objective of the current study is to evaluate the use of virtual reality (VR) headsets to measure driving performance. This is desirable because they are several orders of magnitude less expensive than simulators and, if validated, could greatly extend the powers of simulation. Out of several possible measures of performance that could be considered for evaluating VR headsets, the current study specifically examines drivers’ latent hazard anticipation behavior both because it has been linked to crashes and because it has been shown to be significantly poorer in young drivers compared with their experienced counterparts in traditional driving simulators and in open road studies. In a between-subject design, 48 participants were equally and randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions—two young driver cohorts (18–21 years) and two middle-aged driver cohorts (30–55 years) navigating either a fixed-based driving simulator or a VR headset-based simulator. All participants navigated six unique scenarios while their eyes were continually tracked. The proportion of latent hazards anticipated by participants which constituted the primary dependent measure, was found to be greater for middle-aged drivers than young drivers across both platforms. The difference in the magnitude of performance between the young and middle-aged drivers was similar across the two platforms. The study provides some justification for the use of VR headsets as a way of understanding drivers’ hazard anticipation behavior.

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