scholarly journals A Capillary-Evaporation Micropump for Real-Time Sweat Rate Monitoring with an Electrochemical Sensor

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Ming Chen ◽  
Yong-Jiang Li ◽  
Dan Han ◽  
Hui-Chao Zhu ◽  
Chun-Dong Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensor ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Sweat Rate ◽  
Theoretical Data ◽  
Real Time Monitoring ◽  
Collection Rate ◽  
Capillary Evaporation ◽  
Sweat Collection

Sweat collection and real time monitoring of sweat rate play essential roles in physiology monitoring and assessment of an athlete’s performance during exercise. In this paper, we report a micropump for sweat simulant collection based on the capillary–evaporation effect. An electrochemical sensor is integrated into the micropump, which monitors the flow rate in real-time by detecting the current using three electrodes. The evaporation rate from micropore array, equivalent to the sweat rate, was theoretically and numerically investigated. The designed micropump yields the maximum collection rate as high as 0.235 μ L/min. In addition, the collection capability of the micropump was validated experimentally; the flow rate through the microchannel was further detected in real-time with the electrochemical sensor. The experimental maximum collection rate showed good consistency with the theoretical data. Our proposed device shows the potential for sweat collection and real-time monitoring of sweat rate, which is a promising candidate for being a wearable platform for real-time physiology and performance monitoring during exercise.

Rapid antibody biosensor assays for environmental analysis

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Killard ◽  
M. R. Smyth ◽  
K. Grennan ◽  
L. Micheli ◽  
G. Palleschi
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensor ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Environmental Analysis ◽  
Flow Injection ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Real Time Monitoring ◽  
The Real ◽  
Metabolic Role ◽  
Sensor Analysis ◽  
Rapid Antibody

Traditionally, biosensor development has focused on molecules with a defined metabolic role that can be exploited by enzyme-based systems. Antibodies have the ability to move beyond this range of analytes, and are particularly useful in detecting small, hapten molecules. Electrochemically based biosensor developments have been less fruitful in this regard, as enzyme labelling is required, and such assays require the separation from bound and unbound species. These separations and the removal of background signals result in the increased complexity of the assay format, making it unsuitable for rapid sensor analysis. We have developed an electrochemical sensor based on anti-bodies that does not require the separation of bound and unbound molecules in a competition immunoassay format. This removes the need for several washing and separation steps as is normally employed in this type of assay. This allows single-step immunoassays to be performed using this system, and also allows for the real-time monitoring of antibody—antigen interactions. We have shown that such assays are possible in both batch and flow-injection formats and we are currently developing an assay for the pesticide atrazine. Tentative results show that analysis with this system is possible in the p.p.m. to p.p.b. range.

scholarly journals Real-Time Monitoring of the In Situ Microfluidic Synthesis of Ag Nanoparticles on Solid Substrate for Reliable SERS Detection

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 520
Author(s):  
Niccolò Paccotti ◽  
Alessandro Chiadò ◽  
Chiara Novara ◽  
Paola Rivolo ◽  
Daniel Montesi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Ag Nanoparticles ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Solid Substrate ◽  
Plasmonic Nanostructures ◽  
Rate Variation ◽  
Real Time Monitoring ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

A sharpened control over the parameters affecting the synthesis of plasmonic nanostructures is often crucial for their application in biosensing, which, if based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), requires well-defined optical properties of the substrate. In this work, a method for the microfluidic synthesis of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) on porous silicon (pSi) was developed, focusing on achieving a fine control over the morphological characteristics and spatial distribution of the produced nanostructures to be used as SERS substrates. To this end, a pSi membrane was integrated in a microfluidic chamber in which the silver precursor solution was injected, allowing for the real-time monitoring of the reaction by UV–Vis spectroscopy. The synthesis parameters, such as the concentration of the silver precursor, the temperature, and the flow rate, were varied in order to study their effects on the final silver NPs’ morphology. Variations in the flow rate affected the size distribution of the NPs, whereas both the temperature and the concentration of the silver precursor strongly influenced the rate of the reaction and the particle size. Consistently with the described trends, SERS tests using 4-MBA as a probe showed how the flow rate variation affected the SERS enhancement uniformity, and how the production of larger NPs, as a result of an increase in temperature or of the concentration of the Ag precursor, led to an increased SERS efficiency.

scholarly journals Stretchable and Photocatalytically Renewable Electrochemical Sensor Based on Sandwich Nanonetworks for Real-Time Monitoring of Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (10) ◽  
pp. 5977-5981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Wen Wang ◽  
Yan-Ling Liu ◽  
Jia-Quan Xu ◽  
Yu Qin ◽  
Wei-Hua Huang
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensor ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Monitoring

Photocatalytically Renewable Micro-electrochemical Sensor for Real-Time Monitoring of Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (48) ◽  
pp. 14402-14406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Quan Xu ◽  
Yan-Ling Liu ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Huan-Huan Duo ◽  
Xin-Wei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensor ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Monitoring

A Capacitive Sweat Rate Sensor for Continuous and Real-Time Monitoring of Sweat Loss

ACS Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 3821-3826
Author(s):  
Dong-Hoon Choi ◽  
Mark Gonzales ◽  
Grant B. Kitchen ◽  
Dinh-Tuan Phan ◽  
Peter C. Searson
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Sweat Rate ◽  
Real Time Monitoring ◽  
Sweat Loss ◽  
Rate Sensor

Stretchable Electrochemical Sensor for Real-Time Monitoring of Cells and Tissues

2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (14) ◽  
pp. 4613-4617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Ling Liu ◽  
Zi-He Jin ◽  
Yan-Hong Liu ◽  
Xue-Bo Hu ◽  
Yu Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensor ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Monitoring
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