scholarly journals Metabolic Fingerprinting of Feces from Calves, Subjected to Gram-Negative Bacterial Endotoxin

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Saeid Kamel Oroumieh ◽  
Abbas Ali Naserian ◽  
Lieven Van Meulebroek ◽  
Ellen De Paepe ◽  
Reza Valizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Oil ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Bacterial Endotoxin ◽  
P Value ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Lps Challenge ◽  
Before And After

Gram-negative bacteria have a well-known impact on the disease state of neonatal calves and their mortality. This study was the first to implement untargeted metabolomics on calves’ fecal samples to unravel the effect of Gram-negative bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In this context, calves were challenged with LPS and administered with fish oil, nanocurcumin, or dexamethasone to evaluate treatment effects. Ultra-high-performance liquid-chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) was employed to map fecal metabolic fingerprints from the various groups before and after LPS challenge. Based on the generated fingerprints, including 9650 unique feature ions, significant separation according to LPS group was achieved through orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (Q2 of 0.57 and p-value of 0.022), which allowed the selection of 37 metabolites as bacterial endotoxin markers. Tentative identification of these markers suggested that the majority belonged to the subclass of the carboxylic acid derivatives—amino acids, peptides, and analogs—and fatty amides, with these subclasses playing a role in the metabolism of steroids, histidine, glutamate, and folate. Biological interpretations supported the revealed markers’ potential to aid in disease diagnosis, whereas beneficial effects were observed following dexamethasone, fish oil, and nanocurcumin treatment.

scholarly journals Urinary Concentrations of Diisoheptyl Phthalate Biomarkers in Convenience Samples of U.S. Adults in 2000 and 2018–2019

Toxics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Manori J. Silva ◽  
Lee-Yang Wong ◽  
James L. Preau ◽  
Ella Samandar ◽  
Emmanuela Obi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Oxidative Metabolites ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Exposure Biomarkers ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Commercial Applications

We know little about the potential health risks from exposure to diisoheptyl phthalate (DiHpP), a plasticizer used in commercial applications. The production of DiHpP ended in the United States in 2010, but DiHpP may still be present in phthalate diester mixtures. To investigate human exposure to DiHpP, we used three oxidative metabolites of DiHpP: Monohydroxyheptyl phthalate (MHHpP), mono-oxoheptylphthalate (MOHpP), and monocarboxyhexyl phthalate (MCHxP) as exposure biomarkers. We analyzed urine collected anonymously in 2000 (N = 144) and 2018–2019 (N = 205) from convenience groups of U.S. adults using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with isotope-dilution high-resolution mass spectrometry. We detected MCHxP in all the samples tested in 2000 (GM = 2.01 ng/mL) and 2018–2019 (GM = 1.31 ng/mL). MHHpP was also detected in 100% of the 2018–2019 samples (GM = 0.59 ng/mL) and 96% of the 2000 urine samples analyzed (GM = 0.38 ng/mL). MOHpP was detected in 57% (2018–2019, GM = 0.03 ng/mL) and 92% (2000, GM = 0.19 ng/mL) of samples. The presence of MHHpP, MOHpP, and MCHxP in the 2018–2019 samples suggests recent exposure to DiHpP. Intercorrelations between metabolite concentrations were more significant in samples collected in 2000 than in samples collected in 2018–2019. The differences in urinary metabolite profiles and intercorrelations from samples collected during 2000 and 2018–2019 likely reflects changes in the composition of commercial DiHpP formulations before and after 2010.

scholarly journals BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF TREATMENT WITH TOCILIZUMAB IN MODERATE TO CRITICALLY ILL COVID-19 PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Rana ◽  
MS Hashmi ◽  
R Pervaiz ◽  
A Qayyum ◽  
MMU Saif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critically Ill ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Interleukin 6 Receptor ◽  
Clinical Benefits ◽  
Signed Rank Test

Introduction: COVID-19 virus initiates an inflammatory response in the body involving many cytokines. Interluukin-6 (IL-6) is one of them, elevated levels of which found to be directly related to morbidity and mortality of infected patients. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the clinical benefits of Tocilizumab, a monoclonal antibody against interleukin-6 receptor, as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of Coronavirus disease 2019. Methods: The current retrospective study was conducted at Bahria Town International hospital from rom May 1st to 5th July 2020. Total of one twenty (n=120) moderate to severely ill patients (94 males and 26 females), infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus, were included to assess the effect of TOCILIZUMAB in improvement of PF ratio and other biochemical variables of prognostic importance, including CRP, serum ferritin levels, D-dimers and LDH. These parameters were compared before and after the ten days of treatment with tocilizumab. Demographic, laboratory and clinical finding were recorded for the feather analyses.  Statistical analysis was performed by using software SPSS version 21.0. The Wilcoxon signed‐rank test used to compare parameters whenever appropriate. A P‐value of less than .05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The results of our study showed statistically significant improvement in PF ratio and decrease in CRP levels. Other parameters such as D-Dimer, Serum ferritin levels and LDH showed no change before and after treatment with tocilizumab. Conclusion: In summary, TOCILIZUMAB improved the PF and CRP ratio in COVID-19 patients, but other markers did not improve in response to TOCILIZUMAB in critically ill COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Reducing the Dosing Frequency of Selective Digestive Tract Decontamination to Three Times Daily Provides Effective Decontamination of Potentially Pathogenic Micro-Organisms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jara Rebekka de la Court ◽  
Kim C.E. Sigaloff ◽  
Thomas Groot ◽  
Johan I. van der Spoel ◽  
Rogier P. Schade
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Selective Digestive Tract Decontamination ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Micro Organisms

Abstract PurposeThis study evaluated the effectiveness of selective digestive tract decontamination (SDD) application three times daily (t.i.d.) compared to the standard four times daily (q.i.d.).MethodsRetrospective equivalence study with a before-and-after design on a tertiary ICU in which the SDD frequency was reduced from q.i.d. to t.i.d. All patients with ICU admissions ≥72h, and with ≥2 surveillance cultures collected on different dates were included in this study. We compared successful decontamination of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB). Furthermore, time to decontamination, ICU-acquired GNB bacteraemia and 28-day mortality were compared between the two groups. ResultsIn total 1958 ICU admissions (1236 q.i.d., 722 t.i.d). Decontamination was achieved during the first week of admission in 77% and 76% of patients receiving SDD q.i.d and t.i.d., respectively. Successful decontamination within 14 days (without consecutive acquisition of Gram-negative bacteria) was achieved in 69.3.% of the admissions with q.i.d. versus 66.8% in t.i.d. SDD (p-value = 0.2519). The proportions of successful decontamination of GNB were equivalent in both groups (-0.025, 98% CI: -0.087; 0.037). There was no significant difference in time to decontamination between the two regimens (log-rank test p-value = 0.55). Incidence (episodes/1000 days) of ICU-acquired GNB bacteraemia was 0.9 in both groups and OR for death at day 28 in the t.i.d. group compared to the q.i.d. group was 0.99 (95% confidence interval, 0.80-1.21). ConclusionsThis study shows that a t.i.d. application regimen provides equally effective SDD compared to the standard q.i.d. regime, for both microbiological and clinical outcome measures.

Pengaruh Perawatan Metode Kanguru (PMK) terhadap Pencegahan Hipotermi pada Bayi Baru Lahir

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Parti ◽  
Sumiati Malik ◽  
Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Kangaroo Mother Care ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
P Value ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies ◽  
Before And After

Most causes of infant death are problems that occur in newborn/neonatal (0-28 days old), Low Birth Weight Babies (LBW) is one of the factors which has a contribution to infant mortality, especially in the neonatal period. Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) is a benchmark in determining the degree of public health, both at the National and Provincial levels. This study aimed to determine the effect of the Kangaroo Mother Care Method (KMC) on the prevention of hypothermia in low birth weight infants at Morowali District Hospital in 2019. The type of research used was a quasi-experiment. The population is all low birth weight babies born from May to July 2019. The sample in this study was all newborns with low birth weight born from May to July 2019, totaling 30 babies. There is a difference (influence) on the baby's body temperature before and after KMC with a p-value=0,000. The kangaroo mother care can continue to be affiliated considering its benefits for both infants and mothers, as well as increasing the ability of health workers in conducting KMC so that they can provide in-house training for mothers to be carried out at home.

PENGARUH PIJAT BAYI TERHADAP KUALITAS TIDUR BAYI UMUR 0 – 3 BULAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS SOSIAL PALEMBANG TAHUN 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Widyastuti Wahyuningsih Juliana Widyastuti Wahyuningsih
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Development Phase ◽  
Quality Of Sleep ◽  
Infant Massage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Brain

ABSTRAK Tidur merupakan kebutuhan yang harus terpenuhi terutama pada fase perkembangan karena selama tidur akan terjadi perkembangan otak maupun tubuh, sehingga gangguan tidur merupakan masalah yang akan menimbulkan dampak buruk terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi. Kualitas tidur bayi yang baik dapat diciptakan dengan memberikan pemijatan bayi secara rutin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan bahwa pemijatan dapat mempengaruhi kualitas tidur bayi umur 0-3 bulan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian Quasy Eksperimental dengan metode One Group Pretest-Postest. Sampel 22 bayi yang dipilih dengan tehnik Total Sampling yang di observasi sebelum dan sesudah diberikan pemijatan. Variabel yang diukur dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitas tidur bayi 0-3 bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh pijat bayi terhadap kualitas tidur bayi umur 0-3 bulan (p value  0,008 < α = 0,05).Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disarankan agar keluarga dan masyarakat memberikan pemijatan secara rutin dan mandiri untuk meningkatkan kebutuhan tidur bayi yang berkualitas.   ABSTRACT Sleep is a human necessity that must be met, especially in the development phase because during sleep will occur the brain and body developments, so that sleep disturbance is a problem that would cause adverse effects on infants’ growth and development. The good quality of sleep can be created by providing the infants massage routinely. This study aimed to prove that the massage could affect the quality of sleep on the 0-3 months old baby. This study used Quasy-experimental design with One Group Pretest-Posttest. The sample 22 infants selected by total sampling technique observed on before and after the massage. The variables measured in this study are the quality of sleep. The results of study indicate that there is an effect of infant massage to the sleep quality on 0-3 months old babies (p value 0,008 < α = 0,05).Based on the results of this study it recommended for the families and communities to provide infant massage regularly and independently to increase the quality of sleep on the baby.  

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