scholarly journals Metabolite Shifts Induced by Marathon Race Competition Differ between Athletes Based on Level of Fitness and Performance: A Substudy of the Enzy-MagIC Study

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana F. Schader ◽  
Mark Haid ◽  
Alexander Cecil ◽  
Julia Schoenfeld ◽  
Martin Halle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Mitochondrial Enzyme ◽  
Protein Catabolism ◽  
Targeted Metabolomics ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
Marathon Race ◽  
Top Performers ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Plasma Metabolite

This study compared metabolite shifts induced by training for, participation in, and recovery from a marathon race competition among athletes divided into three groups based on fitness (relative maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max)) and performance levels (net running time). Plasma samples from 76 male runners participating in the Munich Marathon were analyzed for metabolite shifts using a targeted metabolomics panel. For the entire cohort of runners, pronounced increases were measured immediately after the race for plasma concentrations of acylcarnitines (AC), the ratio (palmitoylcarnitine + stearoylcarnitine)/free carnitine that is used as a proxy for the activity of the mitochondrial enzyme carnitine palmitoyltransferase, and arginine-related metabolites, with decreases in most amino acids (AA) and phospholipids. Plasma levels of AA and phospholipids were strongly increased 24 and 72 h post-race. Post-race plasma concentrations of AC and arginine-related metabolites were higher in the low compared to top performers, indicating an accumulation of fatty acids and a reliance on protein catabolism to provide energy after the marathon event. This study showed that marathon race competition is associated with an extensive and prolonged perturbation in plasma metabolite concentrations with a strong AC signature that is greater in the slower, less aerobically fit runners. Furthermore, changes in the arginine-related metabolites were observed.

Mid- and long-term correlations of plasma metabolite concentrations measured by a targeted metabolomics approach

Metabolomics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilman Kühn ◽  
Disorn Sookthai ◽  
Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk ◽  
Wolfgang Otto ◽  
Martin von Bergen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Metabolomics ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Metabolite

scholarly journals Effect of Diet Composition on Plasma Metabolite Profiles in a Migratory Songbird

The Condor ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan B Smith ◽  
Scott R McWILLIAMS ◽  
Christopher G Guglielmo
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Macronutrient Composition ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Metabolite

Abstract Abstract Plasma metabolites provide information about the physiological state and fuel use of birds, and have been used for predicting refueling rates of birds during migratory stopovers. However, little is known about the effect of diet on metabolite concentrations in small songbirds. We investigated the effect of dietary macronutrient composition on lipid and protein metabolites in captive White-throated Sparrows (Zonotrichia albicollis). Birds fed a high-protein, low-carbohydrate insect diet had lower plasma triglyceride concentrations and higher plasma B-hydroxybutyrate concentrations than birds fed a high-carbohydrate, low-protein grain diet during feeding. The insect-fed birds also had higher plasma uric acid concentrations than grain-fed birds and birds fed a low-protein, high-fat, and high-carbohydrate fruit diet. Diet did not significantly influence plasma concentrations of glycerol or nonesterified fatty acids. After subsequent overnight fasting, birds in all three diet groups had similar concentrations of lipid metabolites, but uric acid was marginally elevated in insect-fed birds. Given that dietary macronutrient composition affected certain plasma metabolite concentrations in sparrows, investigators should consider such diet effects when using these metabolites to estimate refueling rates of free-living migratory songbirds, particularly in species that exhibit dietary plasticity during migration.

scholarly journals Clinical and Laboratory Associations with Methotrexate Metabolism Gene Polymorphisms in Rheumatoid Arthritis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon D'Cruz ◽  
Kevin McEleney ◽  
Kyle Tan ◽  
Priyank Shukla ◽  
Philip Gardiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Systemic Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
Lower Pain ◽  
Plasma Metabolite ◽  
The Relationship

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA); is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease which causes loss of joint function and significantly reduces quality of life. Plasma metabolite concentrations of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) can influence treatment efficacy and toxicity. This study explored the relationship between DMARD metabolising gene variants and plasma metabolite levels in RA patients. DMARD metabolite concentrations were determined by tandem mass-spectrometry in plasma samples from 100 RA patients with actively flaring disease, collected at two intervals. Taqman-probes were used to discriminate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes in cohort genomic DNA: rs246240 (ABCC1), rs1476413 (MTHFR), rs2231142 (ABCG2), rs3740065 (ABCC2), rs4149081 (SLCO1B1), rs4846051 (MTHFR), rs10280623 (ABCB1), rs16853826 (ATIC), rs17421511 (MTHFR) and rs717620 (ABCC2). Mean plasma concentrations of methotrexate (MTX) and MTX-7-OH metabolites were higher (p<0.05, C.I. 95%) at baseline in rs4149081 GA genotype patients. Patients with rs1476413 SNP TT or CT alleles in the have significantly higher (p<0.001, 95% C.I) plasma poly-glutamate metabolites at both study time points and correspondingly elevated disease activity scores. Patients with the rs17421511 SNP AA allele reported significantly lower pain scores (p<0.05, 95% C.I.) at both study intervals. Genotyping strategies could help prioritise treatments to RA patients most likely to gain clinical benefit, whilst minimizing toxicity.

scholarly journals Plasma biochemical values in the guanaco (Lama guanicoe) and a comparison with the sheep

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Fraser ◽  
J. M. Moorby
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Initial Experiment ◽  
Lama Guanicoe ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Energy Capture ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Cyclical Pattern ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Metabolite

AbstractAn initial experiment was conducted to investigate the variability of selected metabolites in the plasma from guanacos. A second experiment directly compared plasma biochemical values for guanacos with those for sheep. During the first experiment, jugular blood samples were collected from five mature castrated guanacos using an embedded experimental design. Weekly blood samples were collected at the same time (09.00 h) on the same day each week for 7 weeks. Daily blood samples were collected at the same time each day (09.00 h) during week 5. On day 2 of week 5, blood samples were collected every 3 h from 09.00 h for a 24-h period. No evidence of a cyclical pattern of plasma parameters was observed on a weekly, daily or 3-h basis. During the second experiment, the metabolic profiles of 11 mature castrated guanacos and 11 mature barren ewes (Merino × Welsh Mountain) were compared. Significant differences in plasma concentrations of all metabolites except urea-nitrogen (guanacos -15·42 mmolll, sheep - 15·60 (s.e.d. 1·506) mmolll) were found with values for guanacos v. sheep as follows: glucose (7·63 v. 3·63 (s.e.d. 0·268) mmolll); acetate (0·26 v. 0·48 (s.e.d. 0·035) mmol/l); β hydroxybutyrate (0·06 v. 0·50 (s.e.d. 0·019) mmol/l); albumin (33·4 v. 29·5 (s.e.d. 0·93) g/l); and total protein (53·8 v. 65·6 (s.e.d. 2·12) g/l); (P < 0·001 for all previous variables); non-esterified fatty acids (0·48 v. 0·29 (s.e.d. 0·048) meq per 1; P < 0·01) and a-amino N (2·44 v. 2·66 (s.e.d. 0·088) mmolll; P < 0·05). This study indicates that the reference plasma metabolite concentrations of sheep are not suitable alternatives for use for nutritional or veterinary purposes with guanacos, but those of llamas or alpacas are. The results also suggest that energy capture and transport in camelids may be markedly different from that in conventional ruminants.

scholarly journals Clinical and Laboratory Associations with Methotrexate Metabolism Gene Polymorphisms in Rheumatoid Arthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Leon G. D’Cruz ◽  
Kevin G. McEleney ◽  
Kyle B. C. Tan ◽  
Priyank Shukla ◽  
Philip V. Gardiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Systemic Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
Lower Pain ◽  
Plasma Metabolite ◽  
The Relationship

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease that causes loss of joint function and significantly reduces quality of life. Plasma metabolite concentrations of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) can influence treatment efficacy and toxicity. This study explored the relationship between DMARD-metabolising gene variants and plasma metabolite levels in RA patients. DMARD metabolite concentrations were determined by tandem mass-spectrometry in plasma samples from 100 RA patients with actively flaring disease collected at two intervals. Taqman probes were used to discriminate single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes in cohort genomic DNA: rs246240 (ABCC1), rs1476413 (MTHFR), rs2231142 (ABCG2), rs3740065 (ABCC2), rs4149081 (SLCO1B1), rs4846051 (MTHFR), rs10280623 (ABCB1), rs16853826 (ATIC), rs17421511 (MTHFR) and rs717620 (ABCC2). Mean plasma concentrations of methotrexate (MTX) and MTX-7-OH metabolites were higher (p < 0.05) at baseline in rs4149081 GA genotype patients. Patients with rs1476413 SNP TT or CT alleles have significantly higher (p < 0.001) plasma poly-glutamate metabolites at both study time points and correspondingly elevated disease activity scores. Patients with the rs17421511 SNP AA allele reported significantly lower pain scores (p < 0.05) at both study intervals. Genotyping strategies could help prioritise treatments to RA patients most likely to gain clinical benefit whilst minimizing toxicity.

scholarly journals 268 Administering an appeasing substance to optimize welfare and performance of receiving cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 193-193
Author(s):  
Eduardo Colombo ◽  
Reinaldo F Cooke ◽  
Alice Brandão ◽  
Jacob Wiegand ◽  
Kelsey Schubach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Skin Area ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatments ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract This experiment evaluated the impacts of bovine appeasing substance (BAS) administration on performance, health, and physiological responses of feedlot cattle during a 45-d receiving period. A total of 342 recently-weaned Angus-influenced steers, originating from 16 cow-calf operations, were obtained from an auction yard on d -1 and road-transported (12 h) to the feedlot. Upon arrival on d 0, body weight (BW) was recorded and steers were ranked by BW and source and assigned to receive BAS (Nutricorp, Araras, SP, Brazil; n = 171) or placebo (diethylene glycol monoethyl ether; CON; n = 171). Treatments (5 mL) were topically applied to the nuchal skin area of each animal. Within treatment, calves were allocated to 1 of 24 drylot pens (12 pens/treatment) and received a free choice total-mixed ration from d 1 to 45. Calves were assessed for bovine respiratory disease (BRD) signs and feed intake was recorded from each pen daily. Steer BW was again recorded on d 1, 7, 17, 31, and 45, whereas blood samples were collected from 5 steers/pen concurrently with each BW assessment. Average daily gain was greater (P = 0.05) in BAS vs. CON calves, although final BW did not differ (P = 0.36) between treatments. No treatment effects were detected for feed intake (P = 0.95), resulting in greater (P = 0.05) feed efficiency in BAS vs. CON steers. No treatment effects were detected (P ≥ 0.37) for plasma concentrations of haptoglobin, whereas plasma cortisol concentrations were greater (P = 0.05) in CON vs. BAS steers on d 7 (treatment × day; P = 0.07). Incidence of BRD was greater (P ≤ 0.05) in BAS vs. CON on d 6 to 10 and d 18 to 21 (treatment × day; P &lt; 0.01), although overall BRD incidence did not differ (P = 0.24) between treatments. The number of antimicrobial treatments required per steer diagnosed with BRD symptoms to recover from sickness was greater (P = 0.04) in CON vs. BAS calves. No treatment differences were detected (P ≥ 0.41) for mortality incidence, or proportion of steers removed from the experiment due to extreme sickness. Results from this experiment indicate BAS administration upon feedlot entry improved average daily gain by enhancing feed efficiency. Administration of BAS facilitated earlier detection of BRD and reduced the need for antimicrobial treatments. Collectively, these results suggest BAS administration as a promising strategy to benefit performance and immunocompetence of feedlot receiving cattle.

Effect of Peripheral Serotonin on Plasma Metabolite Concentrations and Glucose Uptake in Several Tissues

2011 ◽  
pp. P1-492-P1-492
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Watanabe ◽  
Kazuki Saito ◽  
Ryo Saito ◽  
Tatsuya Nakano ◽  
Shyuichi Ohwada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Metabolite

Plasma Cocaine Metabolite and Liver CYP450 3A4 Isoenzyme Levels as Indicators of Cocaine Dependence in Rats Treated with Nutritional Supplements

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natwaine Sherune Gardner ◽  
Kedon JS Luke ◽  
Andrew O. Wheatley ◽  
Winston G. De La Haye ◽  
Perceval Bahado-Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Clearance ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Cytochrome P450 3A4 ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Plasma Analysis ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Chronic Cocaine ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Metabolite

The effects that chronic cocaine administration (CCA) have on craving, cocaine metabolite concentrations and cytochrome P450 3A4 isoenzyme (CYP450 3A4) activities in Sprague-Dawley rats following the administration of Salako Nutritional Supplements (SNS) were examined. Five groups of fifty rats were used to assess the effect of the SNS following CCA. Craving was analyzed for each rat using a Conditioned Place Preference protocol. Blood samples were obtained at regular intervals and used to measure cocaine plasma metabolite levels. CYP450 3A4 activity was determined in the liver. Administration of the SNS reduced craving of cocaine significantly, upon discontinuing cocaine in the rats. Blood plasma analysis showing higher benzoylecgonine equilibrium and the CYP450 3A4 levels demonstrated that the SNS possibly aided in the removal of the stored metabolites indicative of increased metabolism of cocaine, enhanced by the Supplements. Results indicate that the SNS formulation reduces craving caused by CCA by increasing the liver CYP450 3A4 activity, resulting in better plasma clearance.

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