scholarly journals Green and White Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis): A Source of Developmental, Chemical and Urinary Intrigue

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eirini Pegiou ◽  
Roland Mumm ◽  
Parag Acharya ◽  
Ric C. H. de Vos ◽  
Robert D. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Pharmaceutical Properties ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Successful Production

Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) is one of the world’s top 20 vegetable crops. Both green and white shoots (spears) are produced; the latter being harvested before becoming exposed to light. The crop is grown in nearly all areas of the world, with the largest production regions being China, Western Europe, North America and Peru. Successful production demands high farmer input and specific environmental conditions and cultivation practices. Asparagus materials have also been used for centuries as herbal medicine. Despite this widespread cultivation and consumption, we still know relatively little about the biochemistry of this crop and how this relates to the nutritional, flavour, and neutra-pharmaceutical properties of the materials used. To date, no-one has directly compared the contrasting compositions of the green and white crops. In this short review, we have summarised most of the literature to illustrate the chemical richness of the crop and how this might relate to key quality parameters. Asparagus has excellent nutritional properties and its flavour/fragrance is attributed to a set of volatile components including pyrazines and sulphur-containing compounds. More detailed research, however, is needed and we propose that (untargeted) metabolomics should have a more prominent role to play in these investigations.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Physiological and Quality Parameters of Green Asparagus Spears Subjected to Three Treatments against the Decline Syndrome

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 937
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier López-Moreno ◽  
Santiago Atero-Calvo ◽  
Eloy Navarro-León ◽  
Begoña Blasco ◽  
Teresa Soriano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Death ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
High Level ◽  
Green Asparagus

Green asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) is a widely grown and consumed crop which provides high-level nutritional interest. In recent years, the decline syndrome in asparagus plantations has been rapidly augmenting. This syndrome causes the early death of whole plants, also negatively affecting the new replanting. Decline causes notable economic losses in the sector. The objective of this work was to verify the effect of different treatments against asparagus decline syndrome on the physiological parameters and nutritional quality of the spears. To meet the objective, four different treatments were applied to asparagus plots strongly affected by decline syndrome: (T1) untreated control soil, (T2) biofumigation with Brassica pellets, (T3) biofumigation with chicken manure pellets, and (T4) disinfestation of the soil with Dazomet. The cumulative yield and physiological and quality parameters of green asparagus spears were studied. Thus, malondialdehyde (MDA), photosynthetic pigments, glutathione (GSH), ascorbate (AsA), total phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanin, antioxidant test, mineral nutrients, and the amino acid profile were measured on asparagus spears. The results showed that the Brassica pellets and Dazomet treatments were the most effective against the damage caused by the decline syndrome. However, it would be necessary to monitor the evolution in the following years.

Memory Devices Based on Solid Electrolytes

2007 ◽  
Vol 997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael N Kozicki
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Solid Electrolytes ◽  
Short Review ◽  
High Resistivity ◽  
Material System ◽  
Resistance Change ◽  
Technology Roadmap ◽  
Conducting Pathway ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Materials Used

AbstractCurrent mainstream memory technologies are unlikely to completely fulfill the solid state data storage requirements that will be imposed beyond the 32 nm node of the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors. One potential replacement technology is resistance change memory based on solid electrolytes and a number of significant research and development efforts are already underway. The lowering of the resistance is attained by the reduction of ions in a relatively high resistivity electrolyte to form a conducting bridge between the electrodes. The resistance is returned to the high value via the application of a reverse bias that results in the breaking of the conducting pathway. Germanium chalcogenides and Ag-Ge-S ternaries in particular possess good thermal processing characteristics while maintaining the necessary high ion mobility for rapid switching. Thermally diffused copper in deposited SiO2 also is of interest, as thermal stability in excess of 600°C and commonly used constituents makes this material system compatible with the widest range of back-end-of-line processes. This paper details some of the developments in the understanding of the materials used in solid electrolyte resistance change devices and presents a short review of the electrical characteristics of devices based on Ag-Ge-S and Cu-Si-O electrolytes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cherry Tomato Genotypes for Qualitative Traits under Open Field and Protected Condition

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-16
Author(s):  
. Chandni ◽  
Deepti Singh ◽  
Shirin Akhtar ◽  
Shiv Shankar Mahesh
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Cherry Tomato ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Β Carotene

Vegetable, due to higher neutraceutical component, are termed as protective food against various major and minor diseases. Scientific agro-techniques under optimum growing condition like temperature, relative humidity and light intensity, positively influence the qualitative and quantitative attributes of most of the vegetable crops including cherry tomato. It is one of potential vegetable crop, which is extensively utilized for table purpose and for preparing recipies in five star restaurants. Cherry tomato fetches higher prices in market due to good taste and higher nutrients, thus making qualitative attributes as an important factor to give higher returns to the farmers. Thus, this experiment was conducted to estimate the qualitative attributes in eighteen genotypes of cherry tomato grown under both open field and polyhouse conditions. The result of the study revealed that under open field condition, BRCT-30 was the best genotype with maximum value for lycopene content (6.62 mg 100-1 g FW) and β-carotene (2.30 mg 100-1 g FW), second maximum value for total soluble solids (7.85°Brix), third maximum value for reducing sugar and fourth highest position for ascorbic acid content (43.65 mg/100 g FW). Under polyhouse condition, the best genotype for quality parameters was BRCT-36 with maximum total soluble solids (10.81°Brix), lycopene (7.48 mg 100-1 g FW) and β-carotene (2.49 mg 100-1g FW) along with average range of values for ascorbic acid (72.36 mg 100-1 g FW) and titrable acidity (0.55 mg 100-1 g FW).

Chitosan based hybrid materials used for wound healing applications- A short review

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 419-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulfiqar Ali Khan ◽  
Shahrin Jamil ◽  
Amna Akhtar ◽  
Muhammad Mustehsan Bashir ◽  
Muhammad Yar
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Materials Used

scholarly journals The Secular Stagnation Hypothes is and the Future of Europe’s Advanced Economies

Politeja ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3(66)) ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
Artur F. Tomeczek
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Natural Rate ◽  
Secular Stagnation ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
The Future ◽  
Natural Rate Of Interest

The secular stagnation hypothesis originated in the late 1930s when Alvin Hansen proposed that the American economy will experience a prolonged depression because of the slowdown in demographics. Widely discussed in the aftermath of the Great Depression, interest in this hypothesis has waned as the world entered a period of rapid economic growth after World War II. In the years following the Great Recession, the secular stagnation hypothesis has once again come to the forefront of economic research when Lawrence Summers introduced the so‑called “new secular stagnation hypothesis.” This article aims to establish whether the secular stagnation hypothesis is relevant to the future of Europe’s advanced economies. Two main symptoms of secular stagnation (demographic slowdown and decline in the natural rate of interest) are especially noticeable in Western Europe. The article has three parts. Part one contains a theoretical overview of the secular stagnation hypothesis. Part two comprises the empirical analysis of the macroeconomic situation in selected advanced economies in Europe and a short review of findings in the literature on the natural rate of interest. Part three identifies possible future problems and provides brief policy recommendations. I conclude that Italy, and to a lesser degree, Spain and Germany, are the countries most vulnerable to secular stagnation.

scholarly journals Optimal use of areas in perennial vegetable crops during first year of growing

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-191
Author(s):  
T. Dintcheva ◽  
H. Boteva ◽  
B. Arnaoudov
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cynara Cardunculus ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Eruca Sativa ◽  
Pak Choi ◽  
Annual Crops ◽  
Over Time

Abstract. This paper tries to illustrate how intercropping increases the overall output of a cropping system and achieving much larger yields than sole crops by using environmental resources more fully over time or more efficiently in space. The research was conducted to establish the opportunity for optimal use of the growing area in perennial vegetables crops (Asparagus officinalis L., Rheum rhabarbarum L., Cynara cardunculus var. Scolymus, Levisticum officinale) by an intercropping system with annual vegetables (Brassica rapa subsp. Chinensis, Eruca sativa) in open field. The experiment was carried out in 2018 year in Vegetable Crops Research Institute (VCRI) Maritsa, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. Crops were grown under schemes: asparagus – 200+60/50 cm; artichoke – 200+60/90 cm; rhubarb – 200+60/90 cm; lovage – 200+60/50 cm; pak choi – 55+45+45+55/20 cm and 55+30+30+30+55/20 cm; rocket – 55+45+45+55/15 cm and 55+30+30+30+55/15 cm. As a result it was determined that the use of annual crops increases efficiency of the areas in perennial vegetables during the first year of growing. Annual vegetables pak choi and rocket grown under scheme 55 + 30 + 30 + 30 + 55/20cm and 55 + 30 + 30 + 30 + 55/15cm, respectively, are suitable for an intercropping system.

scholarly journals Production and Refinement of Omega-3 Rich Oils from Processing By-Products of Farmed Fish Species

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vida Šimat ◽  
Jelena Vlahović ◽  
Barbara Soldo ◽  
Danijela Skroza ◽  
Ivica Ljubenkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Fish Oils ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Farmed Fish ◽  
By Products

In this study, the effect of a four-stage chemical refining process (degumming, neutralization, bleaching, deodorization) on the quality parameters, fatty acid composition and volatile compounds of crude oils produced from processing by-products of farmed fish species (tuna, seabass and gilthead seabream) was evaluated. The quality of the oils was compared to commercially available cod liver oil on the basis of free fatty acid, peroxide value, p-anisidine, total oxidation (TOTOX), thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS), oxidative stability at 80, 100 and 120 °C, tocopherol content, and volatile components, while the fatty acid profile and the proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were used as an indicator of the nutritional values of fish oils. Quality parameters of the studied oils and oil oxidative stability were enhanced with refining and were within the limits recommended for fish oils without the loss of PUFAs. In tuna by-product refined oils, the proportion of PUFAs was over 40%, with 30% of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic fatty acids. The volatile compounds of the oils were quantified (in mg/kg) and major components were 2,4-heptadienal, pentadecane, 2,4-decadienal, 2,4-nonadienal and dodecane. The use of aquaculture by-products as an alternative source for fish oil production could contribute to a more sustainable and profitable aquaculture production, providing economic benefits for the producers and setting new standards for a fish by-product disposal strategy.

scholarly journals Development and Analysis of Quality Parameters of an Innovative Juice

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Anca FARCAS ◽  
Crina MURESAN ◽  
Maria TOFANA ◽  
Simona MIRCA
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
New Product ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Nitrates Content

Nowadays, the functional products represent a sustainable trend in food industry due to the beneficial effects that they have on the human body as well as due to the increased interest of people for a healthy and balanced lifestyle. The aim of the present study was to develop and optimize a pumpkin and apple functional juice, respectively to accomplish the quality control in terms of its physicochemical and sensorial properties. The highest levels of vitamin C occurred in pumpkin and implicitly in the juice obtained in the 1:1 ratio, which also presented the highest antioxidant activity. The nitrates content was at very low level in all the analysed sample, with values between 24.7-41.2 mg/kg for apple and pumpkin, respectively between 28.41-30.94 mg/kg for juices. Also, the consumers were impressed by sensorial and nutritional properties of the new product, positively appreciating both variants of juice. 

scholarly journals Nutritional Properties of Camelids and Equids Fresh and Fermented Milk

Dairy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-302
Author(s):  
Paolo Polidori ◽  
Natalina Cammertoni ◽  
Giuseppe Santini ◽  
Yulia Klimanova ◽  
Jing-Jing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Economic Resource ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Dairy Animal

Milk is considered a complete food because all of the nutrients important to fulfill a newborn’s daily requirements are present, including vitamins and minerals, ensuring the correct growth rate. A large amount of global milk production is represented by cow, goat, and sheep milks; these species produce about 87% of the milk available all over the world. However, the milk obtained by minor dairy animal species is a basic food and an important family business in several parts of the world. Milk nutritional properties from a wide range of minor dairy animal species have not been totally determined. Hot temperatures and the lack of water and feed in some arid and semi-arid areas negatively affect dairy cows; in these countries, milk supply for local nomadic populations is provided by camels and dromedaries. The nutritional quality in the milk obtained from South American camelids has still not been completely investigated, the possibility of creating an economic resource for the people living in the Andean highlands must be evaluated. Both mare and donkey milks show a chemical composition very similar to human milk, and they represent a good replacer of cows’ milk for infants nutrition, especially for children affected by cow milk proteins allergy. In this review, differences and similarities in the quality parameters of milk from minor dairy animals, such as camelids and equids, have been compared.

scholarly journals Carbon-Based Materials for Humidity Sensing: A Short Review

Micromachines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Marc Tulliani ◽  
Barbara Inserra ◽  
Daniele Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Flexible Electronics ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Humidity Sensors ◽  
Humidity Sensing ◽  
Carbon Soot ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

Humidity sensors are widespread in many industrial applications, ranging from environmental and meteorological monitoring, soil water content determination in agriculture, air conditioning systems, food quality monitoring, and medical equipment to many other fields. Thus, an accurate and reliable measurement of water content in different environments and materials is of paramount importance. Due to their rich surface chemistry and structure designability, carbon materials have become interesting in humidity sensing. In addition, they can be easily miniaturized and applied in flexible electronics. Therefore, this short review aims at providing a survey of recent research dealing with carbonaceous materials used as capacitive and resistive humidity sensors. This work collects some successful examples of devices based on carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon black, carbon fibers, carbon soot, and more recently, biochar produced from agricultural wastes. The pros and cons of the different sensors are also discussed in the present review.

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