scholarly journals Effect of Vanadium and Titanium on Desulfurization of CaO Slag in Liquid Iron

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1239
Author(s):  
Yang ◽  
Song ◽  
Li ◽  
Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Vanadium Oxide ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Liquid Iron ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Titanium Content ◽  
Theoretical Discussion ◽  
Vanadium Titanium ◽  
High Titanium Content

The possibility of vanadium and titanium participating in the CaO desulfurization reaction has been evaluated. The desulfurization products of CaO which were added to liquid iron containing vanadium–titanium in lab conditions were observed. At the early stage of adding CaO, titanium and sulfur ware agglomerated on the surface of CaO particles. The particles were composed of CaO, TiO2, and CaS. However, vanadium oxide was not detected. It was proposed that the titanium rather than the vanadium could react with CaO and sulfur. The desulfurization kinetics experiment showed that the high titanium content in liquid iron reduced desulfurization velocity, while vanadium had little effect on the desulfurization. The reason for this was that the TiO2 which surrounded the CaO particle impeded the mass transfer of sulfur. The vanadium and titanium had a little influence on the final sulfur content of CaO desulfurization. The theoretical discussion of these phenomena was carried out. The controlling reaction of final sulfur content was (CaO) + [S] + [C] = (CaS) + CO(g).

scholarly journals Interfacial Phenomena and Inclusion Formation Behavior at Early Melting Stages of HCFeCr and LCFeCr Alloys in Liquid Iron

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Wang ◽  
Andrey Karasev ◽  
Joo Hyun Park ◽  
Wangzhong Mu ◽  
Pär G. Jönsson
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Iron ◽  
Diffusion Zone ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Interfacial Phenomena ◽  
Solid Alloy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Free Zone ◽  
Formation Behavior ◽  
Predetermined Time

AbstractChromium is normally added to liquid alloy in the form of different grades of ferrochromium (FeCr) alloys for the requirement of different alloy grades, such as stainless steels, high Cr cast iron, etc.. In this work, inclusions in two commercially produced alloys, i.e., high-carbon ferrochromium (HCFeCr) and low-carbon ferrochromium (LCFeCr) alloys, were investigated. The FeCr alloy/liquid iron interactions at an early stage were investigated by inserting solid alloy piece into contact with the liquid iron for a predetermined time using the liquid-metal-suction method. After quenching these samples, a diffusion zone between the alloys and the liquid Fe was studied based on the microstructural characterizations. It was observed that Cr-O-(Fe) inclusions were formed in the diffusion zone, FeOx inclusions were formed in the bulk Fe, and an “inclusion-free” zone was detected between them. Moreover, it was found that the HCFeCr was slowly dissolved, but LCFeCr alloy was rapidly melted during the experiment. The dissolution and melting behaviors of these two FeCr alloys were compared and the mechanism of the early-stage dissolution process of FeCr alloys in the liquid Fe was proposed.

scholarly journals The Impact of Iron Oxide Concentration on the Performance of Molten Oxide Electrolytes for the Production of Liquid Iron Metal

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 365-376
Author(s):  
Jan Wiencke ◽  
Hervé Lavelaine ◽  
Pierre-Jean Panteix ◽  
Carine Petitjean ◽  
Christophe Rapin
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Liquid Iron ◽  
Mass Transfer Limitation ◽  
Oxide Concentration ◽  
Ohmic Drop ◽  
Geometrical Form ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Molten Oxide ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe effect of iron oxide concentration on the conductive behavior of a molten oxide electrolyte has been investigated at 1823 K using stepped linear scan voltammetry. To maximize the current flow through the electrolyte the ohmic drop in the cell was minimized by shortening the electrode distance. The acquired current was then interpreted by means of an ohmic drop correction, taking into account the conductivity of the alumina-silicate electrolyte and the geometrical form factor of the cell. Via this methodology, a mass transfer limitation in dependence of the iron oxide concentration was identified. This mass transfer limitation vanishes above 7 wt pct of iron oxide where charge transfer starts to be limited solely by electrochemical reaction kinetics. In the analyzed range of concentration, an impact of iron oxide on electronic conduction was not measurable. In addition to these findings, the faradaic yield of the anode half-reaction was determined by the life-measure of O2-production. Hereby, a domain of an anodic yield close to 100 pct for various iron oxide concentrations was identified. Based on these findings, suitable conditions for the electrochemical production of liquid iron were determined.

Exceptionally high sodium-ion battery cathode capacity based on doped ammonium vanadium oxide and a full cell SIB prototype study

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (47) ◽  
pp. 24929-24941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananta Sarkar ◽  
Sudeep Sarkar ◽  
Sagar Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Vanadium Oxide ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Sodium Ion ◽  
Sodium Ion Battery ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Full Cell ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Battery Technology ◽  
Intense Research

Sodium-ion battery technology, the existing electrodes, and electrolytes are still in the early stage of development, and more intense research is necessary before moving to mass production and application.

Kinetics of mass transfer of manganese and silicon between liquid iron and slags

1995 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Xie ◽  
Franz Oeters
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Liquid Iron ◽  
Kinetics Of

Study of Comprehensive Utilization on Ti-Bearing Blast Furnace Slag

2014 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Qian Ren ◽  
Su Ju Hao ◽  
Wu Feng Jiang ◽  
Yu Zhu Zhang ◽  
Wei Pan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Titanium Content ◽  
Application Field ◽  
Comprehensive Utilization ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
Application Prospects ◽  
High Titanium Content

With the increase of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag, its harm is growing. It contains high titanium content. How to make good use of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag is currently a hot problem. In this paper, the conditions of comprehensive utilization on Ti-bearing blast furnace slag were described firstly. Then the features, application field and problems of extraction and non-extraction titanium from Ti-bearing blast furnace slag were introduced. The advantages, disadvantages and problems of comprehensive utilization of Ti-bearing blast furnace slag were analyzed. Finally the application prospects were forecasted.

scholarly journals RESEARCH AND MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF FRACTIONAL-DIFFERENTIAL RHEOLOGICAL MODELS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yaroslav Sokolovskyy ◽  
◽  
Mariana Levkovych ◽  
Yaroslav Kaspryshyn ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Fractal Structure ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Viscoelastic Deformation ◽  
Rheological Models ◽  
Fractal Media ◽  
Fractional Differential

Deformation processes in media with fractal structure have been studied. At present, research on the construction of mathematical methods and models of interconnected deformation-relaxation and heat-mass transfer processes in environments with a fractal structure is at an early stage. There are a number of unsolved problems, in particular, the problem of correct and physically meaningful setting of initial and boundary conditions for nonlocal mathematical models of nonequilibrium processes in environments with fractal structure remains unsolved. To develop adequate mathematical models of heat and mass transfer and viscoelastic deformation in environments with fractal structure, which are characterized by the effects of memory, self-organization and spatial nonlocality, deterministic chaos and variability of rheological properties of the material, it is necessary to use non-traditional approaches. -differential operators. The presence of a fractional derivative in differential equations over time characterizes the effects of memory (eridity) or non-marking of modeling processes. The implementation of mathematical models can be carried out by both analytical and numerical methods. In particular, in this paper the integral form of fractional-differential rheological models is obtained on the basis of using the properties of the non-integer integral-differentiation operator and the Laplace transform method. The obtained analytical solutions of mathematical models of deformation in viscoelastic fractal media made it possible to obtain thermodynamic functions, creep nuclei and fractal-type relaxation. Developed software to study the effect of fractional differentiation parameters on the rheological properties of viscoelastic media.

Dynamic recrystallisation and modelling of microstructural evolution of high-titanium-content 6061 aluminium alloy

2020 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-324
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
Yanfei Gu ◽  
Yingping Guan ◽  
Chunfa Dong
Keyword(s):  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Titanium Content ◽  
Hot Compression ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Constitutive Analysis ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Dynamic Recrystallisation ◽  
6061 Aluminium Alloy ◽  
High Titanium Content

Abstract The dynamic recrystallisation behaviour of high-titaniumcontent 6061 aluminium alloy was investigated by hot compression tests within the temperature range of 623- 783 K and at strain rates of 0.01 -10 s-1. The characteristics of the true stress-strain curves acquired in the hot compression tests were investigated, and it was observed that the dynamic recrystallisation of high-titanium-content 6061 aluminium alloy occurs within the range of deformation temperatures of 623 -783 K, with strain rates of 0.001 - 0.1 s-1as evinced by a physically-based constitutive analysis. The kinetic model of dynamic recrystallisation was deduced to describe the dynamic recrystallisation behaviour of high-titanium-content 6061 aluminium alloy, and the dynamic recrystallisation grain size model was also constructed.

Heat and Mass Transfer Characteristics of a Finned-Tube Evaporator Under Frosting Conditions

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. H. Kim ◽  
Y. J. Park ◽  
Y. C. Kim ◽  
S. C. Shim ◽  
S. K. Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Finned Tube ◽  
Airflow Rate ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Frost Formation ◽  
Transfer Characteristics

Abstract An experimental study was performed to investigate the heat and mass transfer characteristics of a finned-tube evaporator coil utilized in a domestic refrigerator under frosting conditions. Airside heat transfer coefficient was measured as a function of air temperature, humidity ratio, air velocity, and evaporating temperature. In addition, frost thickness was monitored and measured by visualization tests during frosting operation. Based on the experimental results, the degradation of heat transfer performance due to frost formation was explored as a function of operating parameters. The rate of frost formation on the evaporator increases at relatively high humidity, high airflow rate, low inlet air temperature and low refrigerant temperature. As the frost thickness increases, airflow rate gradually decreases, while the capacity increases at the early stage of frost formation and then significantly drops.

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