scholarly journals Effect of Milling Conditions on the Microstructural Design in Aluminum Based Alloy Fabricated by SPS

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1164
Author(s):  
Anton Smirnov ◽  
Ekaterina Kuznetsova ◽  
Yuri Pristinskiy ◽  
Pavel Podrabinnik ◽  
Alexander Mironov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milling Time ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Mechanically Alloyed ◽  
Microstructural Characteristics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Powder Particles ◽  
Microstructural Design ◽  
First Time

In this work, aluminum-based alloys were mechanically alloyed by various doping elements followed by spark plasma sintering. Three different mixing methods were studied. First, all elemental powders were mixed for 24 h. In the second and the third method, powders were divided into three groups, and each group was milled separately for different times. Then the obtained mixtures were grouped together and again milled for 12 and 24 h, for the M2 and M3 mixtures, respectively. The influence of milling parameters on the microstructural features of sintered samples was determined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy system. The correlation observed between the milling time and microstructural evolution of the powder particles during the milling process was to determine the optimal process parameters. For the first time, the present research has demonstrated the effectiveness of the milling process for the preparation of tailored mixtures of metallic powders, enabling microstructural characteristics that could be favorable for the formation of secondary structures on the tribosurfaces.

Nanoindentation Characterization of Mechanically Alloyed Fe-Al-Si Powders

2018 ◽  
Vol 784 ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Haušild ◽  
Jaroslav Čech ◽  
Miroslav Karlík ◽  
Filip Průša ◽  
Pavel Novák ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mechanically Alloyed ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Special Sample Preparation ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Powder Particles

The effect of processing conditions on microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-Al-Si powders was studied by means of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and nanoindentation. Fe-Al-Si alloy powder was prepared from pure elemental powders by mechanical alloying. Microstructure and mechanical properties of powders were characterized after various durations of mechanical alloying. Special sample preparation technique was developed allowing to characterize the properties of individual powder particles after each step of processing in a planetary ball mill. This step-by-step characterization allowed to find the optimum conditions for subsequent spark plasma sintering.

Study on Mechanical Alloying of TiB2 Particulate Reinforced Titanium Matrix Composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 875 ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Ying Li ◽  
Fu Wen Zhu ◽  
Zhen Liang Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Titanium Matrix ◽  
Titanium Matrix Composites ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Powder Particles ◽  
Particulate Reinforced

TiB2 particulate reinforced titanium matrix composites were prepared by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering. Volume fraction of TiB2 powders in the composites are 5%, 10%, 15%. The effect of milling time and the volume fraction of reinforcement on microstructure and properties of the composites were studied. The results show that with increasing milling time, the size of powder particles decreases, quantity of them increases, and microstructure of the sintered samples becomes finer and more uniform. When milling time reaches 30h, the trend of powder agglomeration increases, the downward trend of the particle size becomes slowly. With the milling time, the density of titanium matrix composites is on the rise. The density of 10vol%TiB2 particulate reinforced titanium matrix composites can reach 4.799 g/cm3, with 30h milling time and sintering at 900°C. The density and hardness of the composites increase with increasing the volume fraction of TiB2. When the volume fraction of TiB2 is 15%, after milling 10h and sintered at 800°C, the density and hardness of the composites can reach 4.713g/cm3 and HV851.58.

Effect of Sintering Parameters on the Stability of Phases of the ZnFe2O4/α-Fe Nanocomposite

2012 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasile Florin Tarța ◽  
Ionel Chicinaş ◽  
Traian Florin Marinca ◽  
Bogdan Viorel Neamţu ◽  
Florin Popa
Keyword(s):  
Milling Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Chemical Homogeneity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Nanocomposite Powders ◽  
Sintering Method ◽  
Commercial Iron

The ZnFe2O4/α-Fe nanocomposite powders were obtained by ball milling starting from ZnFe2O4 powder synthesized by classical ceramic method and commercial iron powder. Two way of milling were used for the synthesis of the ZnFe2O4/α-Fe nanocomposite. In both cases after milling process the phases are relatively uniformly distributed in material and zinc ferrite mean crystallite size decreases from micrometric range up to 11 nm for the first milling mode and up 48 nm for second milling mode. The ZnFe2O4/α-Fe nanocomposite powders were compacted by Spark Plasma Sintering method (SPS). During sintering a reaction between nanocomposite phases occurs, thus leading to the formation of ZnO and FeO. The evolution of the powders during milling and stability of the nanocomposite phases was investigated by X-ray diffraction. The powders and compacts morphology and local chemical homogeneity were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and respectively by energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDX). The influence of the sintering parameters on the stability of nanocomposites phases is studied.

scholarly journals Microstructure And Thermoelectric Properties Of Tags-90 Compounds Fabricated By Mechanical Milling Process

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 1231-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-S Kim ◽  
M. Babu ◽  
S.-J. Hong
Keyword(s):  
Thermoelectric Properties ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma

Abstract TAGS-90 compound powder was directly prepared from the elements by high-energy ball milling (HEBM) and subsequently consolidated by a spark plasma sintering (SPS). Effect of milling time on the microstructure and thermoelectric properties of the samples were investigated. The particle size of fabricated powders were decreased with increasing milling time, finally fine particles with ~1μm size was obtained at 90 min. The SPS samples exhibited higher relative densities (>99%) with fine grain size. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and energy dispersion analysis (EDS) results revealed that all the samples were single phase of GeTe with exact composition. The electrical conductivity of samples were decreased with milling time, whereas Seebeck coefficient increased over the temperature range of RT~450°C. The highest power factor was 1.12×10−3W/mK2 obtained for the sample with 90 min milling at 450°C.

scholarly journals Enhancement of the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Aluminum-Based Alloys Fabricated by SPS and Alloyed with Mo and Cr

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1900
Author(s):  
Sergey N. Grigoriev ◽  
Alexander Mironov ◽  
Ekaterina Kuznetsova ◽  
Yuri Pristinskiy ◽  
Pavel Podrabinnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Secondary Structures ◽  
Linear Wear ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Sintered Alloys ◽  
Friction Surfaces ◽  
First Time

Multicomponent aluminum-based alloys doped with chromium (Cr) and molybdenum (Mo), fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS), derived from a powder mixture prepared by mechanical alloying, were studied in this work. The morphology of the pristine and worn surfaces was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy system. The obtained alloys exhibited higher hardness (73 and 72) for the Al–Mo and Al–Cr alloys, respectively, compared to reference bronze. Besides improved hardness, SPS-sintered alloys also showed a lower value of the weight and linear wear and the highest score-resistance compared to bronze. The enhanced tribological behavior is related to the formation of secondary structures on the friction surfaces of rubbing pairs, which in turn reduce wear. For the first time, the present research has demonstrated the effectiveness of the addition of Mo and Cr for the fabrication of sintered multicomponent Al-based alloys with a tailored microstructure that induces the formation of secondary structures on the tribosurfaces due to the self-organization processes during friction.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Uniformly Sized Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3.0 Nanoparticles via Mechanochemical Process and Wet-Milling for Reduced Thermal Conductivity

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 536
Author(s):  
Bo-In Park ◽  
Miri Shin ◽  
Jaeho Park ◽  
Jae-Seung Lee ◽  
Seung Yong Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Wet Milling ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Xps Spectra ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mechanochemical Process ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Spark Plasma

In this study, Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3.0 (BST) nanoparticles (NPs) with high crystallinities were synthesized via a mechanochemical process (MCP). X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra of the BST NPs showed that the Bi, Sb, and Te powders successfully formed BiSbTe phase and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images, verifying the high crystallinity and smaller size, albeit agglomerated. The as-synthesized BST NPs with agglomerated clusters were ground into smaller sizes of approximately 41.8 nm with uniform distribution through a simple wet-milling process during 7 days. The thermal conduction behaviors of bulk alloys fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) of the BST NPs were studied by comparing those of samples fabricated from as-synthesized BST NPs and a BST ingot. The thermal conductivities (κ) of the BST nanocomposites were significantly reduced by introducing BST NPs with smaller grain sizes and finer distributions in the temperature range from 300 to 500 K. The BST nanocomposites fabricated from wet-milled BST NPs offered ultralow κ values of 0.84 W m−1 K−1 at approximately 398 K.

Effect of Milling and Calcium Phosphate on Mechanical Properties of Nanostructured TiNbMo/CPP Biocomposites

2012 ◽  
Vol 452-453 ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Kee Do Woo ◽  
Sang Hoon Park ◽  
Ji Young Kim
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Increase Milling Time ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Low Elastic Modulus ◽  
Spark Plasma

Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Extra Low Interstitial) alloy have been widely used as alternative bone due to its excellent biocompatibility, although it still has many problems such as high elastic modulus and toxic. Therefore, biomaterial with low elastic modulus and nontoxic has to be developed. In this study, the raw materials which are nontoxic elements such as Nb and Mo were mixed and milled in a mixing machine (24h) and a high energy mechanical ball milling machine (1h, 4h and 8h) respectively. Ti-Nb-Mo-CPP composites were fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 1000°C under 70MPa using mixed and milled powders. The effects of CPP contents and milling time on biocompatibility and mechanical property have been investigated. By X-ray diffraction (XRD), chemical reaction during the sintering was occurred and revealed new phases, Ti2O, CaO, CaTiO3, and TixPy. Vickers hardness of composites increases with increase milling time and addition of CPP contents. Biocompatibility of CPP added Ti-Nb-Mo alloys were improved.

Mechanical properties of FeAlSi powders prepared by mechanical alloying from different initial feedstock materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Čech ◽  
Petr Haušild ◽  
Miroslav Karlík ◽  
Veronika Kadlecová ◽  
Jiří Čapek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Element Model ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Powder Particles ◽  
Complete Homogenization

FeAl20Si20 (wt.%) powders prepared by mechanical alloying from different initial feedstock materials (Fe, Al, Si, FeAl27) were investigated in this study. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and nanoindentation techniques were used to analyze microstructure, phase composition and mechanical properties (hardness and Young’s modulus). Finite element model was developed to account for the decrease in measured values of mechanical properties of powder particles with increasing penetration depth caused by surrounding soft resin used for embedding powder particles. Progressive homogenization of the powders’ microstructure and an increase of hardness and Young’s modulus with milling time were observed and the time for complete homogenization was estimated.

Development of WC-Fe3Al Composites by Spark Plasma Sintering Process

2016 ◽  
Vol 881 ◽  
pp. 307-312
Author(s):  
Luis Antonio C. Ybarra ◽  
Afonso Chimanski ◽  
Sergio Gama ◽  
Ricardo A.G. da Silva ◽  
Izabel Fernanda Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Zinc Stearate ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Al Composite ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Vibration Mill

Tungsten carbide (WC) based composites are usually produced with cobalt, but this binder has the inconvenience of shortage, unstable price and potential carcinogenicity. The objective of this study was to develop WC composite with intermetallic Fe3Al matrix. Powders of WC, iron and aluminum, with composition WC-10 wt% Fe3Al, and 0.5 wt% zinc stearate were milled in a vibration mill for 6 h and sintered in a SPS (spark plasma sintering) furnace at 1150 °C for 8 min under pressure of 30 MPa. Measured density and microstructure analysis showed that the composite had significant densification during the (low-temperature, short time) sintering, and X-ray diffraction analysis showed the formation of intermetallic Fe3Al. Analysis by Vickers indentation resulted in hardness of 11.2 GPa and fracture toughness of 24.6 MPa.m1/2, showing the feasibility of producing dense WC-Fe3Al composite with high mechanical properties using the SPS technique.

Production of Dispersion-Strengthened Cu-TiB2 Alloys by Ball-Milling and Spark-Plasma Sintering

2007 ◽  
Vol 534-536 ◽  
pp. 1489-1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dae Hwan Kwon ◽  
Jong Won Kum ◽  
Thuy Dang Nguyen ◽  
Dina V. Dudina ◽  
Pyuck Pa Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Milled Powder ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma

Dispersion-strengthened copper with TiB2 was produced by ball-milling and spark plasma sintering (SPS).Ball-milling was performed at a rotation speed of 300rpm for 30 and 60min in Ar atmosphere by using a planetary ball mill (AGO-2). Spark-plasma sintering was carried out at 650°C for 5min under vacuum after mechanical alloying. The hardness of the specimens sintered using powder ball milled for 60min at 300rpm increased from 16.0 to 61.8 HRB than that of specimen using powder mixed with a turbular mixer, while the electrical conductivity varied from 93.40% to 83.34%IACS. In the case of milled powder, hardness increased as milling time increased, while the electrical conductivity decreased. On the other hand, hardness decreased with increasing sintering temperature, but the electrical conductiviey increased slightly

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