scholarly journals From High-Manganese Steels to Advanced High-Entropy Alloys

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Haase ◽  
Luis Antonio Barrales-Mora
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Structural Material ◽  
High Entropy Alloys ◽  
High Manganese ◽  
High Entropy ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
High Manganese Steels ◽  
Manganese Steels

Arguably, steels are the most important structural material, even to this day. Numerous design concepts have been developed to create and/or tailor new steels suited to the most varied applications. High-manganese steels (HMnS) stand out for their excellent mechanical properties and their capacity to make use of a variety of physical mechanisms to tailor their microstructure, and thus their properties. With this in mind, in this contribution, we explore the possibility of extending the alloy design concepts that haven been used successfully in HMnS to the recently introduced high-entropy alloys (HEA). To this aim, one HMnS steel and the classical HEA Cantor alloy were subjected to cold rolling and heat treatment. The evolution of the microstructure and texture during the processing of the alloys and the resulting properties were characterized and studied. Based on these results, the physical mechanisms active in the investigated HMnS and HEA were identified and discussed. The results evidenced a substantial transferability of the design concepts and more importantly, they hint at a larger potential for microstructure and property tailoring in the HEA.

scholarly journals The Influence of Warm Rolling on Microstructure and Deformation Behavior of High Manganese Steels

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haupt ◽  
Müller ◽  
Haase ◽  
Sevsek ◽  
Brasche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Warm Rolling ◽  
Deformation Mechanisms ◽  
Thickness Reduction ◽  
High Manganese ◽  
Active Deformation ◽  
High Manganese Steels ◽  
Rolling Deformation ◽  
Manganese Steels

In this work, a Fe23Mn0.3C1Al high manganese twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steel is subjected to varying warm rolling procedures in order to increase the yield strength and maintain a notable ductility. A comprehensive material characterization allows for the understanding of the activated deformation mechanisms and their impact on the resulting microstructure, texture, and mechanical properties. The results show a significant enhancement of the yield strength compared to a fully recrystallized Fe23Mn0.3C1Al steel. This behavior is mainly dominated by the change of the active deformation mechanisms during rolling. Deformation twinning is very pronounced at lower temperatures, whereas this mechanism is suppressed at 500 °C and a thickness reduction of up to 50%. The mechanical properties can be tailored by adjusting rolling temperature and thickness reduction to desired applications.

scholarly journals Effect of Heat Treatment and Titanium Addition on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cast Fe31Mn28 Ni15Al24.5Tix High-Entropy Alloys

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shimaa El-Hadad ◽  
Mervat Ibrahim ◽  
Mohamed Mourad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Lamellar Spacing ◽  
High Entropy Alloys ◽  
Titanium Addition ◽  
High Entropy ◽  
Ti Content

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are multiprincipal element alloys with controllable properties. Studying the mechanical properties of these alloys and relating them to their microstructures is of interest. In the current investigation, Fe31Mn28 Ni15Al24.5Tix high-entropy alloys with Ti content (0–3 wt.%) were prepared by casting in an induction furnace. Different heat treatments were applied, and the microstructure and hardness of the cast samples were studied. It was observed that addition of up to 3.0 wt.% Ti significantly increases the hardness of the alloy from 300 to 500 (Hv) by the combined effect of solid solution strengthening and via decreasing lamellar spacing. Heat treatment at 900°C for 10 h enhanced the hardness at lower Ti percentages (0.0–0.8 wt.%) by decreasing the lamellar spacing, while no change was observed at higher Ti content. It was also observed that extending the treatment time to 20 h affected negatively the hardness of the alloy. Concluding, HEAs can achieve high hardness using low-cost principle elements with minor alloying additives compared to the other traditional alloys.

Corrosion of Resulfurized Free-Machining Stainless Steels

CORROSION ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 511-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL HENTHORNE
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Salt Spray ◽  
High Manganese ◽  
Chromium Alloys ◽  
Residual Sulfur ◽  
High Manganese Steels ◽  
Corrosion Susceptibility ◽  
Manganese Steels

Abstract The influence of manganese (0.3 to 2.4%), sulfur (0.01 to 0.4%), sulfide composition, and heat treatment on the corrosion resistance of 13% chromium, 17% chromium and 18% chromium-9% nickel steels has been investigated. Corrosion in acid solutions, high humidity, and salt spray is dependent upon sulfide composition which in turn is determined by the manganese to sulfur ratio in the steel. Low manganese resulfurized stainless steels which contain chromium rich sulfides are inherently more corrosion resistant than high manganese steels containing manganese rich sulfides. The influence of heat treatment on the corrosion resistance of resulfurized steels is similar to that for residual sulfur grades. Sulfide composition also controls the behavior of these steels during nitric acid passivation treatments. Highly oxidizing solutions must be used to avoid attack during these treatments particularly for steels with high manganese to sulfur ratios. These solutions do not dissolve the commonly used tool steels (particles of which might be imbedded in the surface of a machined part) but can improve subsequent corrosion resistance by removing deleterious manganese rich sulfides. These improvements are most marked in the high manganese 13% chromium alloys. Passivation treatments can increase the corrosion susceptibility of cross section areas in low manganese resulfurized stainless steels.

Effect of Rare Earth Cerium Addition on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Low Carbon High Manganese Steels

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Z. Jiang ◽  
Y. C. Yu ◽  
H. Li ◽  
X. Ren ◽  
S. B. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Induction Furnace ◽  
Lattice Misfit ◽  
Vacuum Induction Furnace ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
High Manganese ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
High Manganese Steels ◽  
Microstructures And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Manganese Steels

AbstractLow carbon high manganese steels with different Ce contents were melted in medium frequency vacuum induction furnace. The microstructures and mechanical properties of steels were studied by OM, SEM, EDS and mechanical property testing. The results showed that the microstructures of experimental steels were refined remarkably, inclusions distributed more finely and uniformly, the tensile strength and impact toughness of tested steels both improved greatly after the addition of Ce. Thermodynamic calculation results demonstrated that Ce contained inclusions were Ce2O3 and Ce3S4, which agreed well with the results observed by SEM and EDS. By analysis of two-dimensional lattice disregistry, it was shown that the lattice misfit parameter between δ-Fe and Ce2O3, Ce3S4 are less than 6 %, which indicated that Ce2O3 and Ce3S4 could effectively act as the heterogeneous nuclei of initial δ-Fe. Therefore, the microstructures were refined significantly and the mechanical properties were improved correspondingly in Ce-added low carbon high manganese steels.

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