scholarly journals Manufacturing of 42SiCr-Pipes for Quenching and Partitioning by Longitudinal HFI-Welding

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 716
Author(s):  
Martin Kroll ◽  
Peter Birnbaum ◽  
Josephine Zeisig ◽  
Verena Kraeusel ◽  
Martin Franz-Xaver Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Retained Austenite ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Quenching And Partitioning ◽  
Welded Tube ◽  
Increased Strength ◽  
Pipe Processing ◽  
The Individual

In the pipe manufacturing and pipe processing industry, the demand for cost-effective pipes with high strength and good ductility is increasing. In the present study, the inductive longitudinal welding process was combined with a Quenching and Partitioning (Q&P) treatment to manufacture pipes with enhanced mechanical properties. The aim of the Q&P process is to establish a martensitic structure with increased retained austenite content. This allows for the beneficial use of both phases: the strength of martensite as well as the ductility of retained austenite. A 42SiCr steel, developed for Q&P processes, was joined at the longitudinal seam by a high-frequency induction (HFI) welding process and was subsequently heat-treated. The applied heat treatments included normalizing, austenitizing, quenching, and two Q&P strategies (Q&P-A/Q&P-B) with distinct quenching (Tq = 200/150 °C) and partitioning temperatures (Tp = 300/250 °C). Investigations of the microstructures revealed that Q&P tubes exhibit increased amounts of retained austenite in the martensitic matrix. Differences between the weld junction and the base material occurred, especially regarding the morphology of the martensite; the martensite found in the weld junction is finer and corresponds more to the lath-type morphology, compared to the base material in the circumference. In all zones of the welded tube circumference, retained austenite has been found in similar distributions. The mechanical testing of the individual tubes demonstrated that the Q&P treatments offer increased strength compared to all other states and significantly improved ductility compared to the quenched condition. Therefore, the approach of Q&P treatment of HFI-welded tubes represents a route for the mass production of high-strength tubular products with improved ductility.

scholarly journals Carbon Redistribution and Microstructural Evolution Study during Two-Stage Quenching and Partitioning Process of High-Strength Steels by Modeling

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilin Wang ◽  
Huicheng Geng ◽  
Bin Zhu ◽  
Zijian Wang ◽  
Yisheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Retained Austenite ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Quenching And Partitioning ◽  
Carbon Redistribution ◽  
Carbon Martensite

The application of the quenching and partitioning (Q-P) process on advanced high-strength steels improves part ductility significantly with little decrease in strength. Moreover, the mechanical properties of high-strength steels can be further enhanced by the stepping-quenching-partitioning (S-Q-P) process. In this study, a two-stage quenching and partitioning (two-stage Q-P) process originating from the S-Q-P process of an advanced high-strength steel 30CrMnSi2Nb was analyzed by the simulation method, which consisted of two quenching processes and two partitioning processes. The carbon redistribution, interface migration, and phase transition during the two-stage Q-P process were investigated with different temperatures and partitioning times. The final microstructure of the material formed after the two-stage Q-P process was studied, as well as the volume fraction of the retained austenite. The simulation results indicate that a special microstructure can be obtained by appropriate parameters of the two-stage Q-P process. A mixed microstructure, characterized by alternating distribution of low carbon martensite laths, small-sized low-carbon martensite plates, retained austenite and high-carbon martensite plates, can be obtained. In addition, a peak value of the volume fraction of the stable retained austenite after the final quenching is obtained with proper partitioning time.

scholarly journals Effect of Quenching and Partitioning Temperatures in the Q-P Process on the Properties of AHSS with Various Amounts of Manganese and Silicon

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 2734-2739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Jirková ◽  
Ludmila Kučerová ◽  
Bohuslav Mašek
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Retained Austenite ◽  
Isothermal Holding ◽  
Bainitic Ferrite ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Quenching Temperature ◽  
Quenching And Partitioning ◽  
Advanced High Strength Steels

The use of the combined influence of retained austenite and bainitic ferrite to improve strength and ductility has been known for many years from the treatment of multiphase steels. Recently, the very fine films of retained austenite along the martensitic laths have also become the centre of attention. This treatment is called the Q-P process (quenching and partitioning). In this experimental program the quenching temperature and the isothermal holding temperature for diffusion carbon distribution for three advanced high strength steels with carbon content of 0.43 % was examined. The alloying strategies have a different content of manganese and silicon, which leads to various martensite start and finish temperatures. The model treatment was carried out using a thermomechanical simulator. Tested regimes resulted in a tensile strength of over 2000MPa with a ductility of above 14 %. The increase of the partitioning temperature influenced the intensity of martensite tempering and caused the decrease of tensile strength by 400MPa down to 1600MPa and at the same time more than 10 % growth of ductility occurred, increasing it to more than 20%.

Application of Quenching-Partitioning-Tempering Process in Hot Rolled Plate Fabrication

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 82-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Zhou ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Nai Lu Chen ◽  
Yong Hua Rong ◽  
Jian Feng Gu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Retained Austenite ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Significant Fraction ◽  
Rolled Plate ◽  
Quenching And Partitioning ◽  
Good Ductility ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Rolled Plates

The quenching-partitioning-tempering (Q-P-T) process, based on the quenching and partitioning (Q&P) treatment, has been proposed for producing high strength steels containing significant fraction of film-like retained austenite and controlled amount of fine martensite laths. In this study, a set of Q-P-T processes for C-Mn-Si-Ni-Nb hot rolled plates are designed and realized. The steels with Q-P-T processes present a combination of high strength and relatively good ductility. The origin of such mechanical properties is revealed by microstructure characterization.

scholarly journals A Study on Rotary Friction Welding of Titanium Alloy (Ti6Al4V)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ho Thi My Nu ◽  
Truyen The Le ◽  
Luu Phuong Minh ◽  
Nguyen Huu Loc
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Friction Welding ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Thermomechanical Model ◽  
Rotary Friction Welding

The selection of high-strength titanium alloys has an important role in increasing the performance of aerospace structures. Fabricated structures have a specific role in reducing the cost of these structures. However, conventional fusion welding of high-strength titanium alloys is generally conducive to poor mechanical properties. Friction welding is a potential method for intensifying the mechanical properties of suitable geometry components. In this paper, the rotary friction welding (RFW) method is used to study the feasibility of producing similar metal joints of high-strength titanium alloys. To predict the upset and temperature and identify the safe and suitable range of parameters, a thermomechanical model was developed. The upset predicted by the finite element simulations was compared with the upset obtained by the experimental results. The numerical results are consistent with the experimental results. Particularly, high upset rates due to generated power density and forging pressure overload that occurred during the welding process were investigated. The performances of the welded joints are evaluated by conducting microstructure studies and Vickers hardness at the joints. The titanium rotary friction welds achieve a higher tensile strength than the base material.

scholarly journals Micro formed holographic security features in steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 10002
Author(s):  
Eckart Uhlmann ◽  
Stephanie Schulze ◽  
née Frenzel ◽  
Julian Polte ◽  
Christoph Hein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vapour Deposition ◽  
Base Material ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Spring Steel ◽  
Product Integration ◽  
Business Results ◽  
Brand Reputation ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The Individual

Counterfeiting, with a global trade volume of approximately 450 billion euro a year compromises business results of companies in all industrial segments. At worst, product plagiarism causes severe damages to the individual brand reputation due to product defects or liability issues. Therefore, product integration of inseparable and unique security features is essential for a preserving market share in all manufacturing branches. This paper presents a novel approach regarding a replication technology for the manufacturing of holographic security features. Using a microstructured aluminium substrate with holographic properties as a base material, a forming die is manufactured by a combination of physical vapour deposition (PVD) and galvanic coating processes. Furthermore, a process adapted hardness progression between individual layers was created. By the use of this die, the forming of a holographic microstructure into high strength aluminium alloy (3.3547) and spring steel (1.1248) could be demonstrated within a preliminary study.

Effects of Heat Treatment on Microstructure of High-Strength Manganese-Silicon Steels

2017 ◽  
Vol 270 ◽  
pp. 239-245
Author(s):  
Dagmar Bublíková ◽  
Štěpán Jeníček ◽  
Kateřina Opatová ◽  
Bohuslav Mašek
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Microstructure Evolution ◽  
Retained Austenite ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Quenching And Partitioning ◽  
Alloying Additions ◽  
New Procedures ◽  
Strength And Ductility

Today’s advanced steels are required to possess high strength and ductility. This can be accomplished by producing appropriate microstructures with a certain volume fraction of retained austenite. The resulting microstructure depends on material’s heat treatment and alloying. High ultimate strengths and sufficient elongation levels can be obtained by various methods, including quenching and partitioning (Q&P process). The present paper introduces new procedures aimed at simplifying this process with the use of material-technological modelling. Three experimental steels have been made and cast for this investigation, whose main alloying additions were manganese, silicon, chromium, molybdenum and nickel. The purpose of manganese addition was to depress the Ms and Mf temperatures. The Q&P process was carried out in a thermomechanical simulator for better and easier control. The heat treatment parameters were varied between the sequences and their effect on microstructure evolution was evaluated. They included the cooling rate, partitioning temperature and time at partitioning temperature. Microstructures including martensite with strength levels of more than 2000 MPa and elongation of 10–15 % were obtained.

scholarly journals Effect of Coating and Welding Wire Composition on AHSS GMA Welds

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (12) ◽  
pp. 396-409
Author(s):  
ABDELBASET R. H. MIDAWI ◽  
◽  
ELLIOT BIRO ◽  
SRINATH KISTAMPALLY
Keyword(s):  
Base Material ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Butt Joint ◽  
Lap Joints ◽  
Weld Strength ◽  
Material Strength ◽  
Filler Materials ◽  
Lap Joint ◽  
Welding Wire

Advanced high-strength steels (AHSS) such as complexphase (CP) and high-formability (HF) steel offer weightsaving advantages for automotive applications such as chassis and frame applications. To prevent material oxidation, materials are often galvanized to protect the substrate from corrosion. However, the weldability of coated AHSS becomes challenging due to the trapping of zinc in the weld molten pool, which could lead to weld defects such as porosity and liquid metal embrittlement cracks. This work focused on the weldability of AHSS (CP800 and 980HF) using the gas metal arc welding process. The roles of both galvanized iron coating and filler material on weld strength were investigated. The welds were performed using two different filler materials: a low-strength filler (ER70S-6) and a high-strength filler (ER100S-6) material. In addition, two different joint configurations were studied: lap joints and butt joints. The results showed that the butt joint had a higher strength compared to the lap joints. Furthermore, the strength of the butt joint overmatched the base material strength in all of the tested materials (both in galvanized and uncoated). In general, lap joint strength undermatched the base material strength, which was attributed to the rotation during tensile testing that induced unaccounted bending stress on the lap joint, while using a higherstrength welding wire improved the tensile strength material in the lap joint configuration. The hardness profiles in the 980HF steel also showed a significant hardness mismatch due to the formation of a fully martensitic microstructure in the heat-affected zone, which led to suppressing the deformation across the lap joint.

Quenching and Partitioning of Ni-Added High Strength Steels

2007 ◽  
Vol 539-543 ◽  
pp. 4476-4481 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.C. Rizzo ◽  
A.R. Martins ◽  
John G. Speer ◽  
David K. Matlock ◽  
A. Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retained Austenite ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Carbide Formation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Quenching And Partitioning ◽  
Steel Microstructure ◽  
Advanced High Strength Steels ◽  
Treatment Procedures

High strength steels containing significant fractions of retained austenite have been developed in recent years, and are the subject of growing commercial interest when associated with the TRIP phenomenon during deformation. A new process concept “quenching and partitioning” (Q&P) has been proposed by CSM/USA, and the results show the potential to create a new kind of steel microstructure with controlled amounts of retained austenite, enriched by carbon partitioning. Four steels containing C, Si, Mn, Ni, Cr and Mo, were designed with variation in the Ni and C content, aiming to decrease Bs temperature and to suppress carbide formation during the partitioning treatment. Several heat-treatment procedures were performed in specimens previously machined for tensile testing, while x-ray diffraction was used to determine the fraction of retained austenite. The tensile test results showed that except for the high C high Ni alloy, most of the processing conditions resulted in strengths superior to those of advanced high strength steels (AHSS), although it is importantly recognized that higher alloy additions were used in this study, in comparison with conventional AHSS grades.. A variety of strength and ductility combinations were observed, confirming the potential of the Q&P process and illustrating the strong influence of the final microstructure on the mechanical properties. Experimental results for samples partitioned at 400 °C indicate that higher ultimate tensile strength is associated with higher fraction of retained austenite for multiple heat treatments of each alloy investigated. The amount of retained austenite obtained was generally lower than that predicted by the model. Further studies are in progress to understand the influence of alloying and processing parameters (time/temperature) on the partitioning of carbon and precipitation of transition carbides.

Design, Application and Installation of an X100 Pipeline

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Glover ◽  
Joe Zhou ◽  
David Horsley ◽  
Nobuhisa Suzuki ◽  
Shigeru Endo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Compressive Strain ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Successful Completion ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Natural Gas Pipelines ◽  
Fracture Control

Traditional pipeline technology will be severely challenged as design-operating pressures continue to rise and gas field developments occur in more remote locations including the arctic. Cost-effective solutions to these issues can be found through innovative designs using new technology and its implementation. Some of these designs have considered the use of high-pressure natural gas pipelines resulting in the development of high strength steel. In order to meet these increases in pressure TransCanada and JFE/NKK have been working extensively on the application of X100 (Grade 690) linepipe and this has culminated in the construction and installation of a X100 project in the fall of 2002. This paper will discuss the development of the related research projects that allowed the successful completion of the field project. The topics will include the material properties and fracture control plans for X100. In addition the approach to strain based design for X100 will include the analysis for both the tensile strain limits (weld mismatch consideration) and compressive strain limits (i.e. buckling capacity). The development of the field welding process will also be covered. The paper will discuss the implications of using X100 from the perspective of the successful field project and the application of a strain-based design.

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