scholarly journals Mechanism of Floater Formation in the Mold during Continuous Casting of Ti-Stabilized Austenitic Stainless Steels

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo Chen ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Xufeng Wang ◽  
Shengping He ◽  
Qian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Casting ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Mold Flux ◽  
Surface Defects ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Coordinated Control ◽  
Bearing Steel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mold Slag

During the continuous casting (CC) of Ti-bearing steel, a steel lump can solidify in the mold (i.e., floater steel) more easily than in the Ti-free steels. This causes severe surface defects or even a breakout. We have examined the mechanisms of floater formation during the CC of 321 stainless steel by analyzing the inclusions in the floater steel and in the 321 steel that was sampled from the mold. Additionally, we calculated the disregistry between the metallic phases and common inclusions. The mineralogy and morphology of the inclusions were examined while using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Thermodynamic calculations on the TixOy inclusions at different oxygen potentials were performed while using FactSage 7.2. Using this approach, we determined that ferrite nucleates grow on TiN and MgO inclusions following solidification, which then form micro-aggregates as a result of dynamic collisions and alliances. Analysis of the mold slag from the metallurgy stage indicated that altering the basicity and properties of the mold flux systematically might minimize the reaction between the slag and steel, which would achieve a coordinated control over lubrication and heat transfer.

Measurement of Deformation-Induced Martensite in Stainless Steel Using Magnetic Contact Force

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 2217-2221
Author(s):  
Tadashi Nishihara
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Excellent Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Novel Method

Metastable austenitic stainless steels are attractive industrial materials with excellent corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, and formability. However, during plastic deformation, α’martensite can be formed. The volume fraction of that particular phase influences the mechanical and other properties (such as corrosion resistance) of these steels. Therefore, it is important to determine the amount of α’martensite in the obtained microstructures. Currently, the volume fraction of deformation-induced martensite in stainless steel is most commonly measured by the X-ray diffraction or magnetic permeability methods. In this study, a novel method of measuring deformation-induced martensite using magnetic contact holding force is proposed. Measurement trials were carried out using a prototype measuring system, and the results of measurements taken from SUS301 and SUS304 stainless steels are discussed in terms of deformation and martensite volume fraction.

Microstructure of the Passive Layer Formed on Different Austenitic Stainless Steels Implanted with Molybdenum

2009 ◽  
Vol 289-292 ◽  
pp. 175-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.M. Abreu ◽  
M.J. Cristóbal ◽  
Raul Figueroa ◽  
Xosé R. Nóvoa ◽  
G. Pena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Passive Layer ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Chloride Medium ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structural Modifications ◽  
Corrosion Studies ◽  
Glancing Angle

Two austenitic stainless steels have been implanted at 150 keV with Mo at a fluence of 3.5x1015 ions/cm2. The effects of ion implantation in the chemical composition of the passive films was evaluated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and glancing angle x-ray diffraction (GAXRD) was used to determine the induced structural modifications. The results of the pitting corrosion studies carried out in neutral chloride medium as well as the morphology of the localized attack are discussed.

X-ray diffraction characterisation of expanded austenite and ferrite in plasma nitrided stainless steels

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Gontijo ◽  
R. Machado ◽  
L. C. Casteletti ◽  
S. E. Kuri ◽  
P. A. P. Nascente
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steels ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Expanded Austenite

scholarly journals In-Situ Observation for Weld Solidification in Stainless Steels Using Time-Resolved X-ray Diffraction

2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuharu Yonemura ◽  
Takahiro Osuki ◽  
Hidenori Terasaki ◽  
Yuichi Komizo ◽  
Masugu Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steels ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray

Influence of Oxygen Concentration on the Initiation of Dissolution Corrosion on 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel at 450°C

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Klok ◽  
Konstantina Lambrinou ◽  
Serguei Gavrilov ◽  
Iris De Graeve
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
X Ray ◽  
First Results ◽  
316L Steel ◽  
316L Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Dissolution Corrosion ◽  
Scanning Electron

This work presents first results of the study on the influence of the LBE oxygen concentration on the initiation of dissolution corrosion in 316L austenitic stainless steels. 316L steel specimens were exposed at 450 °C to static liquid LBE with controlled and constant oxygen concentration of 10−5, 10−6 and 10−7 mass% for 1000 hours. Corroded specimens were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Limited oxidation corrosion and no dissolution corrosion was observed in the specimens exposed to LBE containing 10−5 and 10−6 mass% oxygen, while dissolution corrosion with a maximum depth of 59 μm was found in the specimen exposed to LBE containing 10−7 mass% oxygen.

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