scholarly journals Characterization of the Mixing Flow Structure of Molten Steel in a Single Snorkel Vacuum Refining Furnace

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengsheng Qi ◽  
Jinxin Liu ◽  
Zhongqiu Liu ◽  
Sherman Cheung ◽  
Baokuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Water Model ◽  
Vacuum Refining ◽  
Refining Efficiency

With the demand of high-quality steel and miniaturization of the special steel production, single snorkel vacuum refining process has been widely concerned in China recently, because of its simple structure and good performance of degassing and decarburization. In this study, a water model experimental system and a three-dimensional mathematical model based on two-fluid multiphase flow model have been built to analyze the refining efficiency limitation of the single snorkel vacuum refining furnace from the flow pattern and gas distribution. The results showed that there is a limited gas flow rate, and beyond this flow rate the gas column deviates to the wall and the redundant bubbles escape from the free surface, which will not further improve the refining efficiency and will lead to the erosion of the snorkel. In this case, the limited flow rate is 900 NL/h. Furthermore, the fluctuation of the free surface and the different structural parameters have significant effects on the flow field in single-snorkel vacuum refining furnace (SSF).

Base-Vented Hydrofoils of Finite Span Under a Free Surface: An Experimental Investigation

1984 ◽  
Vol 28 (02) ◽  
pp. 90-106
Author(s):  
Jacques Verron ◽  
Jean-Marie Michel
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Free Surface ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Cavity Length ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Pulsation Frequency ◽  
Cavity Pressure ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Cavity Configuration

Experimental results are given concerning the behavior of the flow around three-dimensional base-vented hydrofoils with wetted upper side. The influence of planform is given particular consideration so that the sections of the foils are simple wedges with rounded noses. Results concern cavity configuration, the relation between the air flow rate and cavity pressure, leading-edge cavitation, cavity length, pulsation frequency, and force coefficients.

Effect of shielding gas flow rate on arc behaviors in GMAW with single cable-typed wire

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (01n03) ◽  
pp. 2040059
Author(s):  
Qingxian Hu ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Juan Pu ◽  
Caichen Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Gas Metal Arc Welding ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Arc Plasma ◽  
Shielding Gas ◽  
Gas Flow Rate

A three-dimensional numerical model of arc in gas metal arc welding (GMAW) with single cable-typed wire was established based on the theory of arc physics. The influences of different shielding gas flow rates on the features of temperature field, velocity field and pressure field were investigated. The results showed that the maximum velocity of arc plasma along radial direction and the arc pressure on the surface of workpieces were increased obviously with the increase of the shielding gas flow rate, while the arc temperature was changed little. This phenomenon was mainly attributed to the increasing collisions between arc plasmas and the self-rotation action of cable-typed wires. The arc temperature at the tip of the cable-typed wire reached the maximum. The maximum flow velocity of arc plasma was located at the tip of wire (2–8 mm). The arc pressures in the central axis reached the maximum pressure. The simulation results were in agreement with the experimental results.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Critical Gas Flow Rate for the Entrapment of Slag Using a Water Model.

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manabu Iguchi ◽  
Yutaka Sumida ◽  
Ryusuke Okada ◽  
Zen-ichiro Morita
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Water Model ◽  
Gas Flow Rate

scholarly journals Influence of Submerged Entry Nozzle Port Blockage on the Meniscus Fluctuation Considering Various Operational Parameters

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Kumar ◽  
Praveen Mishra ◽  
Apurba Kumar Roy
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Wave Amplitude ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Submerged Entry Nozzle ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Water Model ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
The Right

The continuous casting process (CCP) is the most vital part of steelmaking. The flow pattern near the submerged entry nozzle (SEN) and mould greatly influence the quality of the slab produced. The present investigation was carried out to gain knowledge regarding the meniscus fluctuation under different nozzle port blockage conditions by water model experiments. The experiments were carried out to study the effect of no blockage, 25% blockage, 50% blockage, and 75% blockage of the nozzle port on mould-level fluctuations. The result shows that when the liquid flow rate increases, the wave amplitude increases. In these experiments, the average and maximum meniscus fluctuations were measured while changing different variables such as the water flow rate, gas flow rate, and one-side percentage blockage of the SEN port while the other side was fully open. The observation shows that when the port size decreases, the fluid steel mixed from the obstructing side to the open side results in asymmetry. The average and maximum wave amplitude increases with decreasing submergence depth. It was observed that the maximum height of the standing waves in the mould continued rising on the non-blocked side of the SEN. Blockage increases from 25% to 75%, and with 75% blockage of the right side of the SEN port, the mould-level fluctuation at the left side of the mould was extreme, while that of the right side was relatively quiet.

Water Modeling Study on Removal of Inclusions in RH Degasser

2013 ◽  
Vol 423-426 ◽  
pp. 225-229
Author(s):  
Chun Jie Yang ◽  
Fu Ping Tang ◽  
Tao He
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Influence Factor ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Similarity Theory ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Vacuum Refining ◽  
Optimal Values

A physical model was established according to the similarity theory to simulate the real 175t RH-TB vacuum refining device. Liquid steel is simulated by Nacl solution, the air is approximate argon and polypropylene simulate inclusions. The influence regularity of treatment time ,lift gas flow rate and submersion depth of snorkels on the inclusions removal rate have been discussed, the optimal values for each influence factor have been found and can be used in optimizing the refining technology.

Water Model on Fine Inclusion Removal by Bubble Flotation in RH Refining Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 528 ◽  
pp. 107-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Jie Yang ◽  
Fu Ping Tang ◽  
Tao He ◽  
Qiang Fu
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Influence Factor ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Similarity Theory ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Water Model ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Inclusion Removal ◽  
Vacuum Refining ◽  
Optimal Values

With the development of socio-economic and science and technology, People are more strict to the requirement of steel quality. A physical model was established according to the “similarity theory” to simulate the real 180t RH-TB vacuum refining device. Liquid steel is simulated by Nacl solution, Fine inclusions is simulated by high density polypropylene less than 0.04mm in diameter. The influence regularity of treatment time, lift gas flow rate and method of addition, the amount and time of NaHCO3 addition on the inclusions removal rate have been discussed, the optimal values for each influence factor have been found and can be used in optimizing the refining technology.

Study of Gas Flow Through a Stirling Engine Regenerator

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Rogdakis ◽  
P. Bitsikas ◽  
G. Dogkas
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Small Deviation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stirling Engine ◽  
Gas Temperature

In the present work, a three dimensional (3D) Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis is applied to a designed small compact regenerator with specific porosity and wire diameter. The regenerator was studied as a part of a Stirling Engine designed in a simple way. The gas temperature along the regenerator followed an approximately linear profile, while the metal temperature showed a small deviation during the engine cycle. The heat transfer coefficient between the gas and the matrix of the regenerator, along with the associate heat transferred were also derived. The heat exchanged in the regenerator is significantly higher to the respective heat in the engine’s heater and cooler. Additionally, the pressure drop and the related energy dissipation are studied. Their variation is largely dependent on both mass flow-rate and working gas velocity. The friction factor coefficient for the designed regenerator is correlated with Reynolds number and an equation of two variables is derived. Finally, the results of the CFD simulation are compared to those produced by a one-dimensional numerical model. These results include gas mass, mass flow-rate and Reynolds number, as well as the heat transferred between the gas and the regenerator matrix. Except for the case of the exchanged heat, the deviation between the two approaches is very small.

Inclusion Removal at the Free Surface of Steel Bath by Bubble Flotation

2011 ◽  
Vol 399-401 ◽  
pp. 216-222
Author(s):  
Fang Jiang ◽  
Guo Guang Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Free Surface ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Bubble Size ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Equilibrium Concentration ◽  
Particle Removal ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Inclusion Removal ◽  
Particle Layer ◽  
Polyethylene Particles

In the present work, physical model experiments were carried out to clarify the inclusion removal at the free surface of steel bath. Polyethylene particles were used to simulate the non-wetting inclusions like alumina and silica. The influence of gas flow rate and bubble size on the inclusion removal at the free surface was evaluated. It is demonstrated that not all particles are removed when they arrive at the free surface of liquid bath, and those which are not removed will get back to the bath. It is found an annular particle layer is formed by the removed particles at free surface, which can capture other particles arriving at the free surface. However, the attachment of particles to the annular particle layer is not stable, and re-entrainment of particles occurs at high gas flow rate. It is shown the overall particle removal is determined by a balance of removal and re-entrainment. The particle removal constant increases with the increase in the gas flow rate, but decreases with the increase in bubble size. The equilibrium concentration of particles increases with the increase in gas flow rate and bubble size.

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