scholarly journals Effect of Jet Flow between Electrodes on the Cathode Quality in Copper Electrorefining with High Current Density

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongdan Wang ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Wentang Xia ◽  
Bingzhi Ren
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Current Density ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Jet Flow ◽  
Copper Surface ◽  
Circulation Rate ◽  
Copper Electrorefining ◽  
Cathode Copper ◽  
Electrolyte Circulation

Increasing current density is one of the main methods for improving the productivity of copper electrorefining. However, in the conventional bottom-inlet/top-outlet mode, an increase in current density leads to a deterioration of the surface quality of the cathode copper. This paper describes an experimental study of the influence of the jet flow between electrodes on the cathode quality. The surface roughness and the standard deviation of the cathode copper were used to evaluate the cathode quality. The results showed that in the single-side jet inlet mode, the electrolyte circulation rate has great influence on the surface roughness of the cathode copper, which is inversely correlated. However, when the electrolyte circulation rate is small, the surface roughness of the cathode copper is not uniform. The farther the position at the surface of the cathode copper is to the jet region, the coarser the cathode copper surface, and vice versa.

High current density copper electrorefining and electrowinning in a series cell Part I—Electroretining

JOM ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
W. W. Harvey ◽  
M. R. Randlett ◽  
K. I. Bangerskis
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
High Current ◽  
Copper Electrorefining

scholarly journals Features of Ni-W Plating Film Obtained by the Jet-Flow System

AppliedChem ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Yuka Tsuruta ◽  
Yasushi Umeda ◽  
Hideo Honma ◽  
Osamu Takai ◽  
Katsuhiko Tashiro
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Flow System ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Jet Flow ◽  
High Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Corrosion ◽  
Chromium Plating ◽  
Excellent Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Plating Method

Chromium plating has excellent corrosion resistance and is widely used in industry. However, it also has a high environmental load. As an alternative, electric Ni-W plating is attracting attention. However, it is not widely used because the stress is high and the film is prone to cracks. Furthermore, although it is necessary to thicken the film to improve the corrosion resistance, there are also problems that the current efficiency is low and the plating time is long. Therefore, we investigate a film with high corrosion resistance by using the jet-flow plating method that enables plating at a high current density. Our results show that the jet-flow plating enables plating of 50 µm, and high corrosion resistance is obtained by randomly generating fine cracks in the film at 20 A·dm−2. We also found that the stress changed depending on the current density and shape of the crack also changed.

High Current Density Copper Electrorefining and Electrowinning in a Series Cell Part II: Electrowinning

JOM ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
W. W. Harvey ◽  
M. R. Randlett ◽  
K. I. Bangerskis
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
High Current ◽  
Copper Electrorefining

scholarly journals Microstructure and Pressure Driven Electrodeposition Stability in Solid-State Batteries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankit Verma ◽  
Hiroki Kawkami ◽  
Hiroyuki Wada ◽  
Anna Hirowatari ◽  
Nobuhisa Ikeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Solid Electrolyte ◽  
Current Density ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Solid State Batteries ◽  
The Impact

Interfacial deposition stability at the lithium metal-solid electrolyte interface in all solid-state batteries (ASSB) is governed by the stress-transport-electrochemistry coupling in conjunction with the polycrystalline/amorphous solid electrolyte architecture. In this work, we delineate the optimal solid electrolyte microstructure comprising of grains, grain boundary and voids possessing desirable ionic conductivity and elastic modulus for superior transport and strength. An analytical formalism is provided to discern the impact of external “stack” pressure induced mechanical stress on electrodeposition stability; stress magnitude obtained are in the megapascal range considerably diminishing the stress-kinetics effects. For experimental stack pressures ranging up to 10 MPa, the impact of stress on reaction kinetics is negligibly small and electrolyte transport overpotentials dictate electrodeposition stability. We detail the deposition stability phase map as a function of solid electrolyte to Li metal shear modulus and molar volume ratios under varying operating conditions including external pressure, surface roughness, applied current density and ambient temperature. High current density operation with stable deposition can be ensured with ample external pressure, high temperature and low surface roughness operation for low shear modulus ratio of the solid electrolyte to Li metal. <br>

scholarly journals Effect of Fluid Motion of Electrolyte on the Behaviors of V Group Elements (As,Sb,Bi) in Copper Electrorefining under High Current Density.

1999 ◽  
Vol 115 (11) ◽  
pp. 841-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomio TAKASU ◽  
Takashi NAKAMURA ◽  
Hideyuki ITOU ◽  
Fumio NOGUCHI ◽  
Junichiro MURABE
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Fluid Motion ◽  
High Current ◽  
Copper Electrorefining

Experimental Study for the Influencing Factors of Electrograining Quality of PS Plate

2012 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 734-738
Author(s):  
Yi Wen Ma
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Electrolysis Time ◽  
Orthogonal Experiments

Aiming at quality control of grain of PS plate，the orthogonal experiments on electrolyte concentration, current density, electrolysis temperature and time in the process of electrograining have done by surface roughometer, metalloscope, etc. Experimental results indicate that the electrolyte concentration has great influence on the amplitude parameters of surface roughness, the other factors influence the amplitude parameters and the spacing parameters significantly; the interactions of current density with electrolyte concentration or electrolysis time have not significance.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Pressure Driven Electrodeposition Stability in Solid-State Batteries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankit Verma ◽  
Hiroki Kawkami ◽  
Hiroyuki Wada ◽  
Anna Hirowatari ◽  
Nobuhisa Ikeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Solid Electrolyte ◽  
Current Density ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Solid State Batteries ◽  
The Impact

Interfacial deposition stability at the lithium metal-solid electrolyte interface in all solid-state batteries (ASSB) is governed by the stress-transport-electrochemistry coupling in conjunction with the polycrystalline/amorphous solid electrolyte architecture. In this work, we delineate the optimal solid electrolyte microstructure comprising of grains, grain boundary and voids possessing desirable ionic conductivity and elastic modulus for superior transport and strength. An analytical formalism is provided to discern the impact of external “stack” pressure induced mechanical stress on electrodeposition stability; stress magnitude obtained are in the megapascal range considerably diminishing the stress-kinetics effects. For experimental stack pressures ranging up to 10 MPa, the impact of stress on reaction kinetics is negligibly small and electrolyte transport overpotentials dictate electrodeposition stability. We detail the deposition stability phase map as a function of solid electrolyte to Li metal shear modulus and molar volume ratios under varying operating conditions including external pressure, surface roughness, applied current density and ambient temperature. High current density operation with stable deposition can be ensured with ample external pressure, high temperature and low surface roughness operation for low shear modulus ratio of the solid electrolyte to Li metal. <br>

Microstructure Development in a High Current Density NbTi Superconducting Composite

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 186-189
Author(s):  
P. J. Lee ◽  
D. C. Larbalestier
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Cold Drawing ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Boundary Film ◽  
Quantitative Basis ◽  
Cold Worked ◽  
Very High

Several features of the metallurgy of superconducting composites of Nb-Ti in a Cu matrix are of interest. The cold drawing strains are generally of order 8-10, producing a very fine grain structure of diameter 30-50 nm. Heat treatments of as little as 3 hours at 300 C (∼ 0.27 TM) produce a thin (1-3 nm) Ti-rich grain boundary film, the precipitate later growing out at triple points to 50-100 nm dia. Further plastic deformation of these larger a-Ti precipitates by strains of 3-4 produces an elongated ribbon morphology (of order 3 x 50 nm in transverse section) and it is the thickness and separation of these precipitates which are believed to control the superconducting properties. The present paper describes initial attempts to put our understanding of the metallurgy of these heavily cold-worked composites on a quantitative basis. The composite studied was fabricated in our own laboratory, using six intermediate heat treatments. This process enabled very high critical current density (Jc) values to be obtained. Samples were cut from the composite at many processing stages and a report of the structure of a number of these samples is made here.

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