scholarly journals Thermomechanical Grain Refinement in AA6082-T6 Thin Plates under Bobbin Friction Stir Welding

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Tamadon ◽  
Dirk Pons ◽  
Kamil Sued ◽  
Don Clucas
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Thin Plates ◽  
Friction Stir

scholarly journals Friction Stir Welding of very thin plates

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 02-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Galvão ◽  
Carlos Leitão ◽  
Altino Loureiro ◽  
Dulce Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Thin Plates ◽  
Zinc Alloys ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Aluminium Copper ◽  
Copper Zinc

The results obtained in present research, relative to friction stir welding of 1 mm thick plates of aluminium, copper, copper-zinc and zinc alloys, prove that the application of the process in the joining of very thin plates is feasible and desirable. In fact, independently of the base material, the welds produced presented very good morphological characteristics and significant grain refinement in the nugget. Tensile and hardness tests proved that all the welds were at least in even-match relative to the base material properties. Based on the AA 5182 aluminium alloy results it was also possible to conclude that augmenting the welding speed, which improves process productivity, increases grain refinement in the nugget, improving the mechanical properties of the welds.

scholarly journals Microstructural Evolutions of 2N Grade Pure Al and 4N Grade High-Purity Al during Friction Stir Welding

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3606
Author(s):  
Tomoya Nagira ◽  
Xiaochao Liu ◽  
Kohasaku Ushioda ◽  
Hidetoshi Fujii
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Dynamic Recrystallization ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Cube Texture ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Welding Temperature ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Continuous Dynamic Recrystallization ◽  
Dislocation Annihilation

The grain refinement mechanisms along the material flow path in pure and high-purity Al were examined, using the marker insert and tool stop action methods, during the rapid cooling friction stir welding using liquid CO2. In pure Al subjected to a low welding temperature of 0.56Tm (Tm: melting point), the resultant microstructure consisted of a mixture of equiaxed and elongated grains, including the subgrains. Discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX), continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX), and geometric dynamic recrystallization are the potential mechanisms of grain refinement. Increasing the welding temperature and Al purity encouraged dynamic recovery, including dislocation annihilation and rearrangement into subgrains, leading to the acceleration of CDRX and inhibition of DDRX. Both C- and B/-type shear textures were developed in microstructures consisting of equiaxed and elongated grains. In addition, DDRX via high-angle boundary bulging resulted in the development of the 45° rotated cube texture. The B/ shear texture was strengthened for the fine microstructure, where equiaxed recrystallized grains were fully developed through CDRX. In these cases, the texture is closely related to grain structure development.

A Friction Stir Welding Platform of Thin Plates

2012 ◽  
Vol 628 ◽  
pp. 206-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Liang Zhang ◽  
Bei Zhi Li ◽  
Xin Chao Zhang ◽  
Qing Xia Wang
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Virtual Instrument ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Thin Plates ◽  
Increase Production Efficiency ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Welding Processes

Friction stir welding processes involve many variables. Engineers and operators often find it difficult to effectively design or control it. The objective of this work is to develop a friction stir welding platform of thin plates to improve welding quality and to increase production efficiency. The study is conducted by using finite element modeling and temperature field analysis technology to obtain optimization parameters, and using virtual instrument, multi-sensor data fusion to monitor the force of the stirring spindle. Experiment results show that the developed platform can reach the requirements of processing quality and is cost-effective.

Processing, Superplastic Properties and Friction Stir Welding of Fine-Grained AZ31, AZ91, AE42 and QE22 Magnesium Alloys

2016 ◽  
Vol 838-839 ◽  
pp. 220-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talant Ryspaev ◽  
M. Janecek ◽  
Robert Kral ◽  
Volker Wesling ◽  
Lothar Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Mechanical Treatment ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Rate Sensitivity ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Thermo Mechanical Treatment ◽  
Superplastic Properties

The grain refinement after thermo-mechanical treatment (TMT) was investigated in AZ91, AE42, und QE22 magnesium alloys. The optimal over-aging temperature was determined to be 300 °C in the case of AZ91 and AE42 alloys and 350 °C for QE22 alloy. After optimized TMT, the average grain sizes were 13.5 µm (AE42), 11.1 µm (AZ91) and 1.9 µm (QE22). The QE22 alloy exhibited the superior superplastic properties, with maximum elongation to failure 750 % and strain rate sensitivity parameter m=0.73. The Friction Stir Welding showed that the original base material grain structure of the alloys AZ31 and AZ91 replaced by ultrafine grains in the stir zone. The purpose of the present paper is to present the results of the grain refinement in magnesium alloys by thermo mechanical treatment and stir welding.

scholarly journals Friction Stir Welding of a Commercial 7075-T6 Aluminum Alloy: Grain Refinement, Thermal Stability and Tensile Properties

2004 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 2503-2508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Goloborodko ◽  
Tsutomu Ito ◽  
Xiaoyong Yun ◽  
Yoshinobu Motohashi ◽  
Goroh Itoh
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Friction Stir

Friction Stir Processing (FSP) of Cast Metals: Processing - Microstructure - Property Relationships

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 194-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry R. McNelley ◽  
E. Sarath Menon
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Metals Processing ◽  
Step Over ◽  
External Shape

FSP is an allied technology of friction stir welding (FSW). These processes are reviewed and the additional considerations such as processing pattern and step over distance in FSP are introduced. The application of FSP to cast metals including AA5083, Al-7Si and NiAl bronze is summarized. As-cast microstructures may be converted to a wrought condition in the absence of external shape change and the extent of grain refinement and homogenization of microstructure is documented. The FSP-induced superplastic response of AA5083, enhanced ductility of Al-7Si and surface hardening of NiAl bronze are summarized as examples of properties developed by FSP.

scholarly journals On the Friction Stir Welding of Al 7075 Thin Sheets

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Andreas Dimopoulos ◽  
Achilles Vairis ◽  
Nectarios Vidakis ◽  
Markos Petousis
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Thin Plates ◽  
Tool Geometry ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Thin Sheets ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Al 7075

The aim of this work was to weld thin sheets (2 mm) of Al 7075 in a butt joint configuration using friction stir welding and to identify the appropriate tool geometry and optimum process parameters. Two tools were produced with heat treatable low alloy steel WNr 1.6582/DIN 34CrNiMo6 with a different pin diameter (3 mm and 4 mm). Welding was performed at a range of rotation speeds 1000–2500 rpm and various welding speeds 80–800 mm/min. The tensile strength was measured to evaluate mechanical properties. Results showed that despite the difficulties in friction stir welding thin plates, sound joints can be produced in a repeatable manner, without visible wear on the welding tool. The mechanical strength of the welds showed a decrease (33.75%) over that of the parent material. The mechanical strength was less affected by rotation speed than welding speed and there was a significant decrease in tensile strength compared to the parent material.

The Joining of the Thin Plates by Friction Stir Welding

2015 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-192
Author(s):  
Akihiro SATO ◽  
Satoshi HIRANO ◽  
Kinya AOTA
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Thin Plates ◽  
Friction Stir

A Study on Influence of Underwater Friction Stir Welding on Microstructural, Mechanical Properties and Formability in 5052-O Aluminium Alloys

2019 ◽  
Vol 969 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
K. Tejonadha Babu ◽  
S. Muthukumaran ◽  
C.H. Bharat Kumar ◽  
C. Sathiya Narayanan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Underwater Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
Solid State Joining ◽  
Joining Process

Friction stir welding (FSW), a solid-state joining process is extensively using in the welding of aluminum alloy sheets. In order to save energy and reduce emission, lightweight materials like aluminum alloys were introduced into steel car body, which requires the development of effective joining processes. In the present study, welding was carried out in two different conditions, in the air (CFSW) and underwater (UWFSW) at various welding speeds to weld 5052-O aluminum alloy sheets. The effect of UWFSW on microstructural developments, mechanical properties, and formability was evaluated and compared. Grain refinement is an important opportunity to improve the mechanical properties of FS welds. Considerable grain refinement was obtained in UWFSW joints, which is smaller than that in the CFSW joints. The results indicated an increase in tensile strength, hardness, the percentage of elongation, and formability of UWFSW weld sheets. The results of the tensile test, hardness test, microstructure and fractography as in good correlation with improved properties.

scholarly journals Tool durability maps for friction stir welding of an aluminium alloy

2012 ◽  
Vol 468 (2147) ◽  
pp. 3552-3570 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. DebRoy ◽  
A. De ◽  
H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia ◽  
V. D. Manvatkar ◽  
A. Arora
Keyword(s):  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Maximum Shear Stress ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Thin Plates ◽  
Hard Alloys ◽  
Calculation Algorithm ◽  
Tool Failure ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Tool Pin ◽  
Tool Durability

Friction stir welding is not used for hard alloys because of premature tool failure. A scheme is created that exploits the physical three-dimensional heat and mass flow models, and implements them into a fast calculation algorithm, which, when combined with damage accumulation models, enables the plotting of tool durability maps that define the domains of satisfactory tool life. It is shown that fatigue is an unlikely mechanism for tool failure, particularly for the welding of thin plates. Plate thickness, welding speed, tool rotational speed, shoulder, and pin diameters and pin length all affect the stresses and temperatures experienced by the tool. The large number of these variables makes the experimental determination of their effects on stresses and temperatures intractable and the use of a well-tested, efficient friction stir welding model a realistic undertaking. An artificial neural network that is trained and tested with results from a phenomenological model is used to generate tool durability maps that show the ratio of the shear strength of the tool material to the maximum shear stress on the tool pin for various combinations of welding variables. These maps show how the thicker plates and faster welding speeds adversely affect tool durability and how that can be optimized.

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