scholarly journals Technological and Quality Aspects of the Use of Innovative Inorganic Binders in the Production of Castings

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1779
Author(s):  
Tomáš Obzina ◽  
Václav Merta ◽  
Martin Folta ◽  
Josef Bradáč ◽  
Jaroslav Beňo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Shelf Life ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Inorganic Binder ◽  
Quality Aspects ◽  
New Generation

The production of cores for the pre-casting of holes in castings places high demands on the quality of the molding mixtures used. For this reason, organic binders are still used to a large extent, which, although they meet the technological requirements, are a source of pollutant emissions during the production of castings. The current trend towards greening production is therefore looking for a suitable alternative in ‘green’ inorganic binders. Although for many decades standard inorganic binders could not be compared with organic resins in terms of technological properties, new inorganic binder systems are currently being developed that can largely eliminate these disadvantages, which include, in particular, significantly lower collapsibility and reclaimability, and lower mechanical strength values. Last but not least, the use of these binder systems may be limited by the technological parameter of shelf-life, which is the main focus of this study. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the influence of technological parameters of core production using a new generation of inorganic binder systems on their shelf-life. Shelf-life, defined as the change in mechanical strength and wear resistance as a function of exposure time in a given environment, is evaluated under different climatic conditions.

scholarly journals An integrated chemical and technological approach for assessing Portuguese wheat flours quality and lengthening bread shelf-life

2019 ◽  
pp. 884
Author(s):  
Fernando Cebola Lidon ◽  
Diana Daccak ◽  
Paula Scotti-Campos ◽  
Maria Manuela Silva ◽  
Ana Sofia Bagulho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Bread Making ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Full Characterization ◽  
Technological Approach ◽  
Industrial Level

The current trend of large-scale bread production is to facilitate processing at an industrial level, considering the use of flour mixtures with different chemical and technological parameters and incorporating food additives. Accordingly, costs can be minimized, whereas the quality and the shelf-life of the final product might increase, but a full characterization of the flours that must be used and the selection of the food additives to be incorporated into the dough is required. In this context, three Portuguese wheat flour varieties were evaluated (FariRamos, Nacional and AJMiranda), as well as two types of food additives with the aim to increase bread shelf-life. In these flours, the levels of K, S, P, Ca and Cl prevailed, but the moisture and ash contents of FariRamos were the highest and lowest, respectively. The colour of all flours was generally within the desired standard values. Nacional flour contained a higher fat content, but all the flours showed a higher relative abundance of linoleic acid (C18:2), followed by palmitic acid (C16:0) and oleic acid (C18:1). AJMiranda flour revealed a higher content of wet gluten and protein, but the SDS sedimentation index showed a higher value in the FariRamos flour. The fall index, which directly monitors the activity of the α-amylase enzyme, showed a lower value in AJMiranda and Nacional. Through farinograph and alveographyc analysis it was found that FariRamos has a tenacious gluten, but AJMiranda and Nacional had a balanced gluten, yet all of them can be classified as medium flours. Bread making with a mix of FariRamos, AJMiranda and Nacional flours and incorporating preservative food additives revealed the highest shelf-life (11-days) with methyl p-hydroxybenzoate [0.05 %] and benzoic acid [0.1 %], but the colour of the breads showed a relationship of intensity of white colour that depended on the additive used. At the end of the shelf-life, molds of the Eurotium, Trichoderma and Cladosporium genera developed in the bread. It was concluded that the chemical and technological approach applied in the characterization of the flour varieties, can be directly used to define the quality and shelf-life in the bakery industry, allowing the establishment of minimum commercialization prices.

Evaluation of castorbean samples by economically - valuable traits

2018 ◽  
pp. 39-48
Keyword(s):  
Ricinoleic Acid ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Ricinolic Acid

Castor oil (Ricinus communus L.) is an important commercial product. The climatic conditions of Ukraine determine the possibility of growing the castor as an annual crop. At the Institute of Oilseeds NAAS studied castor collection. The aim of the work was the selection of the most promising samples of castor oil, combining a large yield potential in a narrow range of vertical distribution for optimal technological parameters of mechanical harvesting with a high content of oil in seeds and ricinolic acid in oil. In the experience of 2015-2016, the manifestation of morphological features of 17 castor bean samples was studied. The height of plants, individual samples among themselves differed more than twice. Long-brush samples of ЕР118, К374, М203, К159 are distinguished on the basis of the length of the brush. The shortest brush was observed in sample K1008. The length of the productive brush in the studied samples is from 10.7 to 32.9 cm. Most castor bean samples under favorable conditions form brushes of the second and higher orders. According to this parameter, samples of Ep118 and selection No. 38 with four inflorescences of the second order are of the greatest interest. The largest brushes of the second order are similar in size to the brushes of the first order were observed in the samples: К1127, К810, К153. The adaptability of harvesting castor beads requires that the brushes of the first and second order coincide in height with each other, since the harvester can take a maximum of 60 cm. For the sum of the productive brushes of the first and second orders, the greatest potential yield will be provided by samples K159 and K1127. Among the studied collection stands out the small seed sample K159 and the large seed samples - PRL41 and K80. The average oil content in the seeds of the collection was from 52 to 61.4%. Sample38 had the highest oil content. The content of ricinolic acid in the collection was from 70.9 to 82.9%. Samples were isolated: К134, К1008, PRL41, К430 with the content of ricinoleic acid more than 80%. The results of the study of all parameters make it possible to isolate valuable technological samples. Sample K1064 with a high technological potential of productivity, with a seed oil content of 57.2%, has a not very high content of ricinoleic acid of 74.3%. Sample K1127 with an oil content of 58.6%, a mass of 1000 seeds of 265 g, a high potential of productive brushes has a wide variation in the arrangement of brushes. Sample K134 with a oil content of 57.1%, ricinoleic acid content of 80.7% has small second-order brushes and can be used as a single-cysts in a thicker seeding.

scholarly journals Oxidization resistance and sorption properties of oleogels as new-generation fatty systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
P.О. Nekrasov ◽  
◽  
N.A. Tkachenko ◽  
О.P. Nekrasov ◽  
О.M. Gudz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Tocopherol Content ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Dispersed Phase ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
High Oleic Sunflower Oil ◽  
New Generation

Fats as complex mixtures of acylglycerols with lipid and non-lipid substances are an integral part of human nutrition. The presence of acylglycerols of trans-isomers of fatty acids causes many cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. A promising approach to solving the problem of minimizing the content of these undesirable compounds in food recipes is to create a new generation of fat systems, oleogels, which are the subject of this study. High-oleic sunflower oil was used as a dispersion medium of oleogels, which allows obtaining systems with increased resistance to oxidation, as opposed to the oils of traditional kinds. Sunflower seed wax and tocopherols are chosen as a dispersed phase of these fatty systems. The choice of these components was based on their properties to create a three-dimensional structure in oleogels with specified thermomechanical characteristics. Currently, there is a lack of information on the influence of the content of the dispersed phase on the technological parameters of oleogels, namely oxidative resistance and sorption properties. The purpose of the presented work was to study these features of oleogels and establish their dependences on their composition. To solve this problem, the yield surface method is used in the work. The unknown values of the parameter vector were determined by using regression analysis algorithms. Deviation functionality was minimized by finding the appropriate combinations of the experimental series of predictors. A mathematical model was developed which allows predicting oxidative stability and sorption properties of oleogels based on the data on their composition. The suitable mass fractions of the components of the dispersed phase of oleogels have been determined as follows: tocopherol content is 0.10–0.14 wt.% and the sunflower seed wax content is 1.8–4.0 wt.%. The results obtained can serve as a scientific basis for the development of technology for the industrial production of oleogels as new generation fatty systems.

scholarly journals PMU’s Behavior with Flicker-Generating Voltage Fluctuations: An Experimental Analysis

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 3355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Castello ◽  
Carlo Muscas ◽  
Paolo Pegoraro ◽  
Sara Sulis
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Voltage Fluctuations ◽  
Wide Area Monitoring ◽  
Accuracy Measurement ◽  
New Generation

Phasor measurement units (PMUs), which are the key components of a synchrophasor-based wide area monitoring system (WAMS), were historically conceived for transmission networks. The current trend to extend the benefits of the synchrophasor technology to distribution networks requires the PMU to also provide trustworthy information in the presence of signals that can occur in a typical distribution grid, including the presence of severe power quality (PQ) issues. In this framework, this paper experimentally investigates the performance of PMUs in the presence of one of the most important PQ phenomena, namely the presence of voltage fluctuations that generate the disturbance commonly known as flicker. The experimental tests are based on an ad-hoc high-accuracy measurement setup, where the devices under test are considered as “black boxes” to be characterized in the presence of the relevant signals. Two simple indices are introduced for the comparison among the different tested PMUs. The results of the investigation highlight possible critical situations in the interpretation of the measured values and provide a support for both the design of a new generation of PMUs and the possible development of an updated synchrophasor standard targeted to distribution systems.

New generation bulk-fill resin composites: Effects on mechanical strength and fracture reliability

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 214-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Rosa de Lacerda ◽  
Mayara Bossardi ◽  
Werônica Jaernevay Silveira Mitterhofer ◽  
Fabíola Galbiatti de Carvalho ◽  
Hugo Lemes Carlo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
New Generation

Aluminide coatings on Inconel 617 obtained by slurry method with inorganic binder

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (85) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.E. Kochmańska
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Oxidation ◽  
Protective Coatings ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Zone Structure ◽  
Inorganic Binder ◽  
Aluminide Coatings ◽  
Inconel 617 ◽  
Slurry Method ◽  
Slurry Composition

Purpose: The aim of this study was to manufacture and examine the structure of aluminide coatings formed on Ni-based super alloy Inconel 617 in an argon atmosphere. Design/methodology/approach: The coatings were produced by the slurry method at temperatures from 900 to 1100°C and times from 2 to 6 hours. The newly-developed slurry composition was: powders of aluminium and silicon; NaCl, KCl, NaF halide salts as an activator and a water solution of a soluble glass as an inorganic binder. The microstructure (SEM), chemical composition (EDS) and phase composition (XRD) of the coatings were determined. Additionally the correlation between the technological parameters and the coating thickness was analysed. Findings: Slurry aluminide coatings with newly-developed composition have been successfully produced. The obtained coatings had a multi-zone structure depending on manufacturing parameters. Research limitations/implications: The next stage of this research will be to determine the performance of the coatings under high temperature cyclic oxidation. Optimization of the production parameters will therefore be possible after oxidation and cyclic oxidation tests. Practical implications: The slurry method is economical due to low consumption of powder material. Another advantage of the applied slurry composition is the possibility of forming protective coatings on other substrates. Originality/value: The use of the inorganic binder in the slurry allowed to produce the coatings in one single step without additional annealing at an intermediate temperature as it is when applied organic binder. The grain size of aluminium and silicon powders was less than usually used. The applied activator dissolved the passive layers present on the surface both of the aluminum powder and of the nickel alloy and accelerated the reactions that occur during coating formation.

scholarly journals On the probability of habitable planets

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Forget
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Water ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Habitable Zone ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Surface Liquid ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Global Mean

AbstractIn the past 15 years, astronomers have revealed that a significant fraction of the stars should harbour planets and that it is likely that terrestrial planets are abundant in our galaxy. Among these planets, how many are habitable, i.e. suitable for life and its evolution? These questions have been discussed for years and we are slowly making progress. Liquid water remains the key criterion for habitability. It can exist in the interior of a variety of planetary bodies, but it is usually assumed that liquid water at the surface interacting with rocks and light is necessary for emergence of a life able to modify its environment and evolve. The first key issue is thus to understand the climatic conditions allowing surface liquid water assuming a suitable atmosphere. These have been studied with global mean one-dimensional (1D) models which have defined the ‘classical habitable zone’, the range of orbital distances within which worlds can maintain liquid water on their surfaces (Kasting et al. 1993). A new generation of 3D climate models based on universal equations and tested on bodies in the solar system are now available to explore with accuracy climate regimes that could locally allow liquid water. The second key issue is now to better understand the processes which control the composition and the evolution of the atmospheres of exoplanets, and in particular the geophysical feedbacks that seem to be necessary to maintain a continuously habitable climate. From that point of view, it is not impossible that the Earth's case may be special and uncommon.

scholarly journals Freeze-Dried Food in the Diet of Temporary Residents of the Far North

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-178
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Titov ◽  
Irina Krasnova ◽  
Vera Ganina ◽  
Elena Semenova
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Far North ◽  
Nutrition And Diet ◽  
Freeze Dried

Introduction. The Russian Arctic, also called the Far North, attracts a lot of people who work on a fly-in fly-out basis. These temporary residents experience the negative impact of the harsh climate and suffer from unvaried diets and poor ration. Freeze-dried products might be the optimal solution to this problem. The research objective was to find a rationale for the use of freeze-dried long-storage products in the diets of temporary residents in regions with harsh climatic conditions. Study objects and methods. The research featured scientific publications on two topics: 1) nutrition and diet of shift workers in the Far North, 2) development of freeze-dried products for long-term storage in extreme conditions. Results and discussion. Shift workers consume a lot of fats and carbohydrates, while their diet lacks complete proteins, vitamins, minerals, dairy products, and fresh fruits and vegetables. Taking into consideration the high content of sugar and confectionery, the diet ruins the health of the temporary residents and causes alimentary chronic non-infectious diseases. A healthy diet for the Russian Arctic should correspond to the metabolic profile typical of people in chronic environment stress and be complete both quantitatively and qualitatively. Important food products are difficult to deliver to the Far North. As a result, they are microbiologically and chemically contaminated. Therefore, the region needs high-quality functional products with prolonged shelf life. Conclusion. Freeze-dried fermented milk products, fruits, and vegetables can help temporary residents of the Far North to maintain their usual food patterns. Freeze-dried foods have a long shelf life in unregulated temperature conditions, which can solve the issue of food supply even to the most remote settlements.

scholarly journals Technological potentialities in ultrasound use for operation properties increase in parts of transport engineering

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (7) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Вячеслав Приходько ◽  
Vyachyeslav Prikhodko ◽  
Равиль Нигметзянов ◽  
Ravil Nigmetzyanov ◽  
Сергей Сундуков ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Ultrasonic Processing ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Technological Environment ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Material Basis ◽  
Ultrasonic Equipment ◽  
Ultrasound Application ◽  
New Generation

The oretical and experimental investigations allowed revealing basic acoustic-technological parameters defining the effectiveness in ultrasonic processing parts, units and assemblies of motor engineering under conditions of production, repair and operation. The analysis carried out of energy peculiarities in ultrasound application in liquid- and solid phase technological environment allowed formulating the organization principles of ultrasonic technological processes, developing a methodology for the formation of ultrasonic equipment for a technological purpose, estimating their working effectiveness. On a single scientific and material basis there is developed ultrasonic equipment of a new generation for manufacturing and processing parts and units of motor engineering with the purpose of their reliability and life increase.

scholarly journals Resource-Saving Methods for Growing Rice in the Krasnodar Territory

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00151
Author(s):  
Igor Prikhodko ◽  
Stanislav Vladimirov ◽  
Daniil Alexandrov
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Rice Cultivation ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
The World ◽  
New Generation

The world practice of rice cultivation has shown that rice cultivation by traditional methods for Russia is labor-intensive, resource-intensive, ineffective with low profitability, and often unprofitable production. As a result, traditional methods of flooding rice paddies in Russia are faced with a shortage and high cost of irrigation water and a reduction in rice irrigation systems, i.e., areas suitable for rice cultivation. For solving the problem of unprofitable rice production, an analysis of the world practice of rice production has been implemented. The analysis showed that the most optimal solution for the natural and climatic conditions of the Krasnodar Territory is the cultivation of rice using sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation. Further analysis showed that drip irrigation is the most promising way of growing rice, which has many undeniable advantages. The main advantages of drip irrigation are the low irrigation rate, labor intensity, and energy intensity of rice production. Therefore, the article proposes a pioneering Russian ridge cultivation method for rice cultivation on the lands of the irrigated rice fund with drip irrigation under plastic and/or biodegradable perforated film. This method will make it possible to radically revise the principles of rice cultivation, form a new generation of rice crop rotations with the inclusion of melons and vegetables in them, and carry out rice production on previously rainfed lands. The implementation of the method has proven the effectiveness and feasibility of our research.

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