scholarly journals Determination of the Li Distribution in Synthetic Recycling Slag with SIMS

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 825
Author(s):  
Thomas Schirmer ◽  
Michael Wahl ◽  
Wolfgang Bock ◽  
Michael Kopnarski
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Fluorescence Yield ◽  
Spinel Solid Solution ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Analytical Assessment ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Electro Mobility

The recovery of technically important elements like lithium from slag of pyrometallurgical recycling of lithium traction batteries will be very important in future due to the expected increasing demand of this element with the upcoming world-wide implementation of electro mobility. Therefore, the investigation of possibilities to recover lithium from pyrometallurgical slag from the recycling of lithium traction batteries is mandatory. In this context, the EnAM (engineered artificial mineral) approach is very promising. Solidified melt of synthetic recycling slag with the compounds Li2O-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-CaO-MnO contains various Li-bearing phases including spinel solid solution, Li-aluminate and eucryptite-like Li-alumosilicate. Most probably, the Ca-alumosilicate matrix (melilite-like solid solution) incorporates lithium as well. These compounds can be determined and calculated to an acceptable approximation with electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). Nevertheless, an adequate precise measurement of lithium is virtually impossible due to the extremely low fluorescence yield and long wavelength of Li Kα. Secondary mass spectrometry (SIMS) can be used to fill this gap in the analytical assessment of the slag. Therefore, the combination of these two analytical methods can distinctively improve the mineralogical and chemical characterization of lithium-containing solidified (slag) melt.

scholarly journals Physical, Chemical-physical and chemical characterization of must and integral juice in grape cultivars

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. T. S. Viana ◽  
G. V. A. Fonseca ◽  
G. H. Bueno ◽  
J. O. F. Melo
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Grape Juice ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Flame Emission ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Grape Cultivars

In recent years there has been an important increase in the production of grape derivatives such as integral grape juice. Thus, it was intended with the accomplishment of this study to evaluate the composition of the grape juice of the grape cultivars: Bordô, Concord e Isabel in the composition of integral grape juice from the Bento Gonçalves-RS. The samples were evaluated for classical analysis:°Brix, pH, titratable acidity, ratio Brix / titratable acidity made through methods, physics, physical chemistry and chemistry. The mineral elements sodium and potassium analyzed by flame emission and color intensity by colorimetry. For the statistical analysis of the data, the Tukey test was applied at the 5% level of significance. The contents of integral grape juice evaluated, SS, A Tand minerals presented according to the legislation, the pH was within the comparative average with other works. The determination of the color demonstrated the need to make cuts.

Production and Characterization of Exopolysaccharides from Loss Cooked Sweet Potatoes (Ipomoea batatas) by Lactobacillus Plantarum

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 01-11
Author(s):  
Robert Germain Beka ◽  
Emmanuel Akdowa Panyoo ◽  
Germaine Yadang ◽  
Pamela Homsi ◽  
Laurette Blandine Mezajoug Kenfack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Titrable Acidity ◽  
Lactic Acid Content

The aim of the work was to produce and characterize the exopolysaccharides from loss cooked sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) using fermentation with Lactobacillus. The cooked sweet potato was fermented according to the factorial design with the following factors: the time (21.51h-38.48h) and the amount of Lactobacillus (1.58*106-5*106UFC). Responses were represented by production yield, pH, and titrable acidity. Characterization of the exopolysaccharides was then done by determination of total sugars, solubility index and viscosity. The results show that the pH of unfermented cooked potatoes was between 6.23 to 6.63. The pH of fermented potatoes varies from 3.96 to 4.06. The lactic acid content was found from 7.75 to 9.9% for the fermented samples. The production yields are 1.90% for the samples fermented for 21.5 hours with 3.5*106UFC of bacteria and 5.62% for those fermented for 30 hours with the same volume of inoculum. The average viscosity of the products was 4mPas regardless of the fermentation time. Chemical characterization indicates glucose contents of 68.21 and 94.01% in fermented potato for 24h and 21h respectively. The solubility index gives values of 70.3 ± 0.16 and 88.11 ± 0.23 for fermentation times of 21h and 24h respectively. Results of this work indicated that cooked sweet potatoes ferment for 21h was a promising substrate for production of exopolysaccharides.

scholarly journals Partial chemical characterization of antigenic preparations of chromoblastomycosis agents

1999 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Fraga BARROS ◽  
Maria Aparecida de RESENDE
Keyword(s):  
Total Lipid ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Lipid Contents ◽  
Carbohydrate Levels ◽  
Carbohydrate Contents ◽  
Partial Chemical

Antigenic preparations (saline, methylic, metabolic and exoantigens) of four agents of chromoblastomycosis, Fonsecaea pedrosoi, Phialophora verrucosa, Cladophialophora (Cladosporium) carrionii and Rhinocladiella aquaspersa were obtained. Partial chemical characterization of these antigenic preparations was obtained by determination of the levels of total lipids, protein, and carbohydrates, and identification of the main sterols and carbohydrates. Methylic antigens presented the highest lipid contents, whereas metabolic antigens showed the highest carbohydrate content. Total lipid, protein, and carbohydrate levels were in the range of 2.33 to 2.00mg/ml, 0.04 to 0.02 mg/ml and 0.10 to 0.02 mg/ml, respectively, in the methylic antigens and in the range of 0.53 to 0.18mg/ml, 0.44 to 0.26mg/ml, and 1.82 to 1.02 mg/ml, respectively, in saline antigens. Total lipid, protein, and carbohydrate contents were in the range of 0.55 to 0.20mg/ml, 0.69 to 0.57mg/ml and 10.73 to 5.93mg/ml, respectively, in the metabolic antigens, and in the range of 0.55 to 0.15mg/ml, 0.62 to 0.20mg/ml and 3.55 to 0.42mg/ml, respectively, in the exoantigens. Phospholipids were not detected in the preparations. Saline and metabolic antigens and exoantigens presented hexose and the methylic antigen revealed additional pentose units in their composition. The UV light absorption spectra of the sterols revealed squalene and an ergosterol fraction in the antigens. The characterization of these antigenic preparations may be useful for serological evaluation of patients of chromoblastomycosis.

Effects of Chemical Preservatives and Storage on Constituents Used to Characterize Lemon Juice

1968 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Carl E Vandercook ◽  
Henry C Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Lemon Juice ◽  
Potassium Sorbate ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Regression Approach ◽  
And Storage

Abstract The effects of sulfur dioxide, sodium benzoate, and potassium sorbate preservatives on the analytical methods for chemically characterizing lemon juice were studied. None of the preservatives had any effects on the analyses for total acidity as citric acid, the l-malic acid, the UV absorbance at the 330 m/x peak (referred to as the total phenolics), or the formol determination of total amino acids (after expelling the S02 by boiling 1 min). The study was continued over storage periods of up to 17 weeks at room temperature and 6 weeks at 30 °C. The constituents measured remained relatively stable except for some small but statistically significant changes that were apparently a function of both the juice and, in the case of the total phenolics, the preservative used. For practical applications, the changes did not affect the multiple regression approach to the chemical characterization of lemon juice

scholarly journals Integrated Evaluation of Indoor Particulate Exposure: The VIEPI Project

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando Pelliccioni ◽  
Paolo Monti ◽  
Giorgio Cattani ◽  
Fabio Boccuni ◽  
Marco Cacciani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Indoor Airflow ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Particulate Exposure

Despite the progress made in recent years, reliable modeling of indoor air quality is still far from being obtained. This requires better chemical characterization of the pollutants and airflow physics included in forecasting tools, for which field observations conducted simultaneously indoors and outdoors are essential. The project “Integrated Evaluation of Indoor Particulate Exposure” (VIEPI) aimed at evaluating indoor air quality and exposure to particulate matter (PM) of humans in workplaces. VIEPI ran from February 2016 to December 2019 and included both numerical simulations and field campaigns carried out in universities and research environments located in urban and non-urban sites in the metropolitan area of Rome (Italy). VIEPI focused on the role played by micrometeorology and indoor airflow characteristics in determining indoor PM concentration. Short- and long-term study periods captured diurnal, weekly, and seasonal variability of airflow and PM concentration. Chemical characterization of PM10, including the determination of elements, ions, elemental carbon, organic carbon, and bioaerosol, was also carried out. Large differences in the composition of PM10 were detected between inside and outside as well as between different periods of the day and year. Indoor PM composition was related to the presence of people, to the season, and to the ventilation regime.

scholarly journals Microstuctural analysis and determination of PM10 emission sources in an industrial Mediterranean city

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1081-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos Tolis ◽  
Evangelos Gkanas ◽  
Eleni Pavlidou ◽  
Athina Skemperi ◽  
Jorge Pey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
Sea Breezes ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
High Temperature Processes ◽  
Combustion Processes

AbstractScientists are interested in knowing more about the control of sources which contribute to environmental pollution. Air pollution has two main sources: anthropogenic and natural sources. The natural contributions to environmental pollution can be assessed, but cannot be totally controlled. while the emissions from the anthropogenic sources can be controlled. These air pollutants can be dispersed and transferred by winds in the atmosphere. The focus area of this study is the Mediterranean basin. The most important winds in this area are the land and sea breezes. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was applied to characterize the morphology of the PM10 samples in order to identify possible emission sources for the occuring pollution. Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) was performed for the elemental analysis and chemical characterization of the PM10 samples. The analysis showed that the PM10 samples can be divided into three different groups: the samples containing mineral phases, the compounds from combustion processes and the particles emitted from high-temperature processes.

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