scholarly journals Experimental and Numerical Study of Mechanical Behavior of Welded Steel Plate Joints

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1293
Author(s):  
Hongwei Ma ◽  
Hao Zheng ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Zhanzhan Tang ◽  
Eric M. Lui
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Damage Model ◽  
Hysteretic Behavior ◽  
Cyclic Loads ◽  
Welded Steel ◽  
Damage Process ◽  
Monotonic Loads

This paper describes a study of welded steel plate joints using experimental and numerical methods. The objectives of this study are to observe the mechanical behavior of welded plate joints under monotonic and cyclic loads, identify their damage degradation processes, and provide useful test data for future damage analysis of beam-column connections in steel frame structures. Six specimens were designed, of which three were tested under monotonic loads, and the other three were tested under cyclic loads. The test setup consisted of three plates arranged in a cruciform and connected by two groove welds. The monotonic and cyclic loads were applied to the free end of the two outstanding plates, inducing a pulling force on the welded joint. Because the only element studied in the present work is the weld, the sizes of the three plates were kept constant. The responses of these welded plate joints are discussed in terms of their experimentally and numerically obtained mechanical parameters, hysteretic behavior, strain variations, stiffness degradation, damage process, and failure modes. The results show that the energy damage model outperforms the displacement damage model in terms of indicating the degree of damage. Furthermore, if designed according to code, all these welded plate joints perform satisfactorily.

scholarly journals An Experimental and Numerical Study on the Flexural Performance of Over-Reinforced Concrete Beam Strengthening with Bolted-Compression Steel Plates: Part II

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shatha Alasadi ◽  
Zainah Ibrahim ◽  
Payam Shafigh ◽  
Ahad Javanmardi ◽  
Karim Nouri
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Failure Characteristics ◽  
Control Beam ◽  
Concrete Failure

This study presents an experimental investigation and finite element modelling (FEM) of the behavior of over-reinforced simply-supported beams developed under compression with a bolt-compression steel plate (BCSP) system. This study aims to avoid brittle failure in the compression zone by improving the strength, strain, and energy absorption (EA) of the over-reinforced beam. The experimental program consists of a control beam (CB) and three BCSP beams. With a fixed steel plate length of 1100 mm, the thicknesses of the steel plates vary at the top section. The adopted plate thicknesses were 6 mm, 10 mm, and 15 mm, denoted as BCSP-6, BCSP-10, and BCSP-15, respectively. The bolt arrangement was used to implement the bonding behavior between the concrete and the steel plate when casting. These plates were tested under flexural-static loading (four-point bending). The load-deflection and EA of the beams were determined experimentally. It was observed that the load capacity of the BCSP beams was improved by an increase in plate thickness. The increase in load capacity ranged from 73.7% to 149% of the load capacity of the control beam. The EA was improved up to about 247.5% in comparison with the control beam. There was also an improvement in the crack patterns and failure modes. It was concluded that the developed system has a great effect on the parameters studied. Moreover, the prediction of the concrete failure characteristics by the FE models, using the ABAQUS software package, was comparable with the values determined via the experimental procedures. Hence, the FE models were proven to accurately predict the concrete failure characteristics.

Prediction of Impact Damage of Composite Laminates Using a Mixed Damage Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 513-517 ◽  
pp. 235-237
Author(s):  
Shi Yang Zhao ◽  
Pu Xue
Keyword(s):  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Damage Mechanics ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Impact Damage ◽  
Damage Model ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Fiber Damage ◽  
Damage Process ◽  
Matrix Damage

In order to effectively describe the damage process of composite laminates and reduce the complexity of material model, a mixed damage model based on Linde Criteria and Hashin Criteria is proposed for prediction of impact damage in the study. The mixed damage model can predict baisc failure modes, including fiber fracture, matrix tensile damage, matrix compressive damage. Fiber damage and matrix damage in compression are described based on the progressive damage mechanics; and matrix damage in tension is described based on Continuous Damage Mechanics (CDM). Meanwhile, for interlaminar delamination, damage is described by cohesive model. A finite element model is established to analyze the damage process of composite laminate. A good agreement is got between damage predictions and experimental results.

Analytical Model for the Hysteretic Behavior of SRC Columns

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 1881-1884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Suo Zheng ◽  
Long Li ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Qing Lin Tao ◽  
Zhi Qiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Concrete Structure ◽  
Hysteretic Behavior ◽  
Confined Concrete ◽  
Cyclic Loads ◽  
Longitudinal Reinforcement ◽  
Steel Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Simulation Results

To simulate the hysteretic behavior and propose the analytical model of steel reinforced concrete (SRC) columns under low cyclic loads, different fiber models which can reflect the mechanical behavior of materials are used in this paper. The unconfined concrete, partially confined concrete, highly confined concrete, structure steel and longitudinal reinforcement bars of the complex cross section can be established by OpenSees program which can define the different fibers for kinds of materials with their own stress-strain relations, respectively. Based on fiber models, the analytical model for simulating the hysteretic behavior of SRC columns is proposed. By comparing with the conventional simulation results, the results which are obtained from the proposed analytical model in this paper agree with the experimental results better.

Performance of Unstiffened Welded Steel I-Beam to Hollow Tubular Column Connections Under Seismic Loading

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 1450033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian-Yi Song ◽  
Amin Heidarpour ◽  
Xiao-Ling Zhao ◽  
Lin-Hai Han
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Combined Loading ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Welded Steel ◽  
Damage Level ◽  
Tubular Columns ◽  
Steel Connections ◽  
Static And Cyclic Loading

Earthquake causes wide and severe damage to building structures, due to not just the great ground motion but also secondary actions, such as impact, blast or fire, occurring after earthquake. The extreme combined loading scenario should be considered for safety of buildings and lives. Taking fire for example, the combined load can be considered as an event in which the structures are first partially damaged under an earthquake and then attacked by fire. In order to investigate the post-earthquake loading scenario, it is important to assess the partial damage caused by earthquake on different components of structures. The behavior of welded steel I-beam to hollow square tubular columns is investigated herein. A detailed experimental study is presented in which two groups of unstiffened welded steel connections, with the same configurations, subjected to static and cyclic loading are considered. The flexibility and strength of the connections are measured, while the damage phenomena and failure modes are explored during the tests. The connection damage is found to be a cumulative fracture developing process which leads to significant gradual degradation of the mechanical properties of the connection. The quantificational evaluations of the cyclic loading induced damage are also carried out to investigate the connection damage level according to different loading intensities. A finite element modeling numerical study is also carried out to validate the experimental results and a good agreement is achieved. The test results and FE modeling provide a benchmark data for the unstiffened welded connections and can be used for further investigations of the connections subjected to combined actions such as post-earthquake fire.

scholarly journals Behaviour of Steel Tubular Knee Joint in Aluminium Frames with Tension-Tie Element

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Davor Skejić ◽  
Ivan Čudina ◽  
Ivica Garašić ◽  
Federico M. Mazzolani
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Flexural Behaviour ◽  
Welded Steel ◽  
Reliable Assessment ◽  
Joint Behaviour ◽  
Steel Joints ◽  
Rotation Behaviour

Aluminium portal frames with a tension tie element are a commonly used type of aluminium structure. Due to the significant reduction in aluminium’s mechanical properties caused by welding, typical beam to column joints of such frames are formed using bolts and welded steel knee joints embedded in the structure. Expressions for the reliable assessment of the behaviour of such joints are lacking, thus limiting the use of aluminium portal frames. Although the behaviour of steel joints using hollow sections is well investigated, there are only a small number of studies regarding knee joints, none of which investigate the influence of the tie element on the joint behaviour. Therefore, the first stage of the research is focused on the flexural behaviour of steel knee joints with tension tie elements. Laboratory tests of three identical steel knee joints with a tension tie element were conducted as well as a parametric numerical study with variation of tie element stiffness. It was concluded that different stiffnesses of the tie element have little influence on moment–rotation behaviour of the knee joint, but greatly affect overall frame resistance to vertical loads. It was also concluded that different stiffnesses of the tie element can lead to different failure modes of the knee joint as well.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of the Mechanical Behaviour of Wall–Beam–Strut Joints for Prefabricated Underground Construction

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingjin Liu ◽  
Jiandong Lu ◽  
Di Wang ◽  
Hongyuan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Internal Force ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Welded Steel ◽  
Metro Station ◽  
Skeleton Curve ◽  
Cracking Pattern ◽  
Plate Connection

AbstractPrefabricated construction is becoming increasingly prevalent, however, it is rarely applied in underground constructions, except for tunnel linings, due to the difficulties that arise in jointing various prefabricated components in underground conditions. To solve the vertical location problem of embedded mechanical couplers during the construction of wall–beam–strut joints for a prefabricated metro station, a new connection using welded steel plates is proposed. In this paper, four full-scale specimens of wall–beam–strut joints connected using welded steel plates and mechanical couplers were experimentally tested under monotonic and low-reversed cyclic loading conditions. The testing results were analysed in terms of the ultimate bearing capacity, failure mode, hysteresis, skeleton curve, stiffness degradation, energy dissipation and strain of the reinforcement bars. Notably, the two kinds of joints had similar ultimate bearing capacities and failure modes, but the crack distributions on the tops of the waler beams were different. For the specimens with the welded steel plate connection, tensile horizontal cracks first appeared on the top surface of the beam, where the welded steel plate was located, and then coalesced gradually; however, this cracking pattern was not observed during the experimental test of the specimens connected with the mechanical couplers. Furthermore, it was determined that the energy dissipation and ductility of the welded steel plate connection were better than those of the mechanical coupler connected joint, because the steel plate could redistribute the internal force in the joint and increase the stiffness. It was concluded that the proposed welded steel plate connection could be more favourable than the mechanical coupler connection in the construction of a prefabricated metro station in Guangzhou. Moreover, the results obtained from these experiments could provide guidelines for the corresponding connections employed in underground-prefabricated structures.

scholarly journals A damage model of mechanical behavior of porous materials: Application to sandstone

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1325-1351 ◽  
Author(s):  
MY Li ◽  
YJ Cao ◽  
WQ Shen ◽  
JF Shao
Keyword(s):  
Porous Medium ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Porous Materials ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Damage Model ◽  
Multiscale Model ◽  
Elementary Volume ◽  
Elastoplastic Model ◽  
Porous Sandstone ◽  
Damage Process

In this work, a multiscale model based on the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) technique is applied to describe the mechanical behavior of porous materials. The effects of the microstructures (such as pore shape, number, size, distribution and orientation) on the overall strength of the porous medium and its microstress distribution are fully studied. The elastoplastic model is further extended by including a damage process. The influences of microstructure on the damage evolution of the porous medium are discussed and illustrated numerically. Then the proposed multiscale damage model is applied to study the macroscopic behavior of porous sandstone. According to the microstructure of the studied material, a representative elementary volume with randomly distributed spherical pores is considered. The solid phase of the sandstone is assumed to obey the Drucker–Prager criterion. Taking advantage of the FFT-based method, the evolution of generated damage is clearly illustrated during the loading process at the microscopic level. Comparisons between numerical results and experimental data show the efficiency of the proposed numerical model.

Parametric Study of Hysteretic Behaviour of Combined Welded Heavy Steel Plates with Accumulative Damage

2011 ◽  
Vol 194-196 ◽  
pp. 1887-1891
Author(s):  
Na Yang ◽  
Jing Jing Zhang ◽  
Ting Guo
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Plastic Strain ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Damage Model ◽  
Thickness Ratio ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Hysteretic Behavior ◽  
Previous Researcher

The accumulative damage model in which the material’s plastic strain is defined as variable and the energy dissipation is also considered is applied to the combined welded heavy steel plates. And the reliability of the model is confirmed by comparing the computed results in finite element project ABAQUS to tested results from previous researcher. On that basis, a series of steel plate components are computed to analyze their hysteretic curves and ductility factors. The influences of steel plate thickness, web’s height-thickness ratio and flange’s width-thickness ratio on hysteretic behavior are studied.

scholarly journals Numerical Study on Deformation Capacity of Steel Plate Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Zhou ◽  
Jiang Qian ◽  
Wei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Steel Plate ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Shear Walls ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Shear Wall ◽  
Cyclic Loads ◽  
Deformation Capacity ◽  
Flexural Failure ◽  
Lateral Resistance

Steel plate reinforced concrete (SPRC) shear wall consists of steel plate encased in the concrete, in which the material advantages of both concrete and steel are utilized. The lateral resistance and deformation capacity of the shear wall are greatly improved. This paper investigates the deformation capacity of the SPRC shear wall under cyclic loads. A nonlinear 3-D finite element model in ABAQUS was developed and validated against published experimental results. Then, a parametric study was conducted to obtain the yield and ultimate rotation of SPRC shear walls with flexural failure. By statistical analyses, formulas for the yield and ultimate rotation of SPRC shear wall were proposed.

scholarly journals Numerical Study on Anisotropic Influence of Joint Spacing on Mechanical Behavior of Rock Mass Models under Uniaxial Compression

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 6698
Author(s):  
Xin Chen ◽  
Zhongliang Feng ◽  
Cheng Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Uniaxial Compression ◽  
Nonlinear Response ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Joint Spacing ◽  
Rock Bridges ◽  
Deformation Behaviors ◽  
Joint Inclination

Mechanical properties of rock masses are dominated by the nonlinear response of joints and their arrangement. In this paper, combined influences of joint spacing (s) and joint inclination angle (β) on mechanical behavior of rock mass models with large open joints under uniaxial compression were investigated by PFC modeling. With a large amount of local measurement circles placed along the pre-defined measurement lines (ML), stresses and joint response parameters at different scales (the measurement circles, the MLs and the whole specimen) were defined and calculated. It was found that macroscopic behaviors of the jointed specimens, such as four types of deformation behaviors, four failure modes, strength, deformability modulus and ductility index, are dominated by nonlinear response of the joint system, especially the interaction between the joints and rock bridges. The joints may experience three stages, i.e., starting to close, closed and opening again. On the joint plane, the peak stresses of the rock bridges and those of the joints may not be reached at the same time; i.e., joint strength mobilization happens with the loss of the rock bridges’ resistance. The influence of s on specimen behavior is little for β = 90°, obvious for β = 0° or 30° and significant for β = 45° or 60°, and this can be related to their different microscopic damage mechanisms.

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