scholarly journals Surface Morphology and Histopathological Aspects of Metallic Used Cardiovascular CoCr Stents

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1112
Author(s):  
George-Razvan Pandelea-Dobrovicescu ◽  
Mariana Prodana ◽  
Florentina Golgovici ◽  
Daniela Ionita ◽  
Maria Sajin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Toxic Response ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tem Method

In this study, CoCr cardiovascular metallic stents with the same chemical composition as well as the adjacent tissues were analyzed. Recovered stents and adjacent tissues were characterized by surface morphology techniques like light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The presence of metals in the tissue from around explanted stent was also confirmed by TEM method. The released metal ions were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Histopathological analysis was used to highlight host tissue response to the implanted stents. EDX analysis revealed that 21 stents had the same composition. The quantities of Cr ions detected in the tissues were between 5 and 14 ppb and for Co ions were between 4 and 10 ppb. The tissue sections near the layers that generated large quantities of ions showed restenosis development and the deposits of surface calcifications were highlighted. The heavy metal levels observed in this study due to corrosion are too low to cause a systemic toxic response.

scholarly journals Efflorescent Sulfate Crystallization on Fractured and Polished Colloform Pyrite Surfaces: A Migration Pathway of Trace Elements

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Dimitrina Dimitrova ◽  
Vassilka Mladenova ◽  
Lutz Hecht
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Microprobe Analysis ◽  
Electron Microprobe Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Migration Pathway ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Scanning Electron

The colloform pyrite variety incorporates many trace elements that are released in the environment during rapid oxidation. Colloform pyrite from the Chiprovtsi silver–lead deposit in Bulgaria and its oxidation efflorescent products were studied using X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis, and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Pyrite is enriched with (in ppm): Co (0.1–964), Ni (1.8–3858), Cu (2.9–3188), Zn (3.1–77), Ag (1.2–1771), As (8179–52,787), Se (2.7–21.7), Sb (48–17792), Hg (4–2854), Tl (1.7–2336), Pb (13–7072), and Au (0.07–2.77). Gypsum, anhydrite, szomolnokite, halotrichite, römerite, copiapite, aluminocopiapite, magnesiocopiapite, coquimbite, aluminocoquimbite, voltaite, and ammoniomagnesiovoltaite were identified in the efflorescent sulfate assemblage. Sulfate minerals contain not only inherited elements from pyrite (Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, In, As, Sb, Hg, Tl, and Pb), but also newly introduced elements (Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Mn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Sn, Cs, Ba, REE, U, and Th). Voltaite group minerals, copiapite, magnesiocopiapite, and römerite incorporate most of the trace elements, especially the most hazardous As, Sb, Hg, and Tl. Colloform pyrite occurrence in the Chiprovtsi deposit is limited. Its association with marbles would further restrict the oxidation and release of hazardous elements into the environment.

scholarly journals Metal Threads from the Fourteenth-Century Slabbed Graves at the Plateau of Eski-Kermen

2021 ◽  
pp. 229-245
Author(s):  
Anna V. Antipenko ◽  
Anastasia Yu. Loboda ◽  
Elzara A. Khairedinova ◽  
Artem M. Ismagulov ◽  
Ekaterina S. Vashchenkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
The One ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Thin Band

This paper presents the results of the study of metal threads found in the fourteenth-century burials in slabbed graves located atop of the plateau of Eski-Kermen. The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry determined the metal of the threads in question as high-grade silver. The results of scanning electron microscopy of the surface morphology of the artefacts allowed the one to suggest a variant of reconstruction of the sequence of technological operations in the manufacture of the metal threads in question. The feature of all the metal threads under study is very even outer and inner surface and stable thickness and width of the metal band. In all cases, gold inclusions were stretched in the mass of metal along the long edge of the bands. Cast metal was flattened into a thin band. Parallel scratches along the butt end of the threads suggest that rolled out metal was cut with a tool with a thin, sharp blade leaving scratches along the course of the blade. Semi-finished products were wound onto an organic core. The threads found in the slabbed graves atop of the plateau of Eski-Kermen were spun silver threads wound onto a silk core. Technologically, these threads correspond to the products of Mediterranean workshops. The location of the metal threads in the burial indicates that they were used in the embroidering of the collar and neck.

scholarly journals A Review of Metal Levels in Urban Dust, Their Methods of Determination, and Risk Assessment

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 891
Author(s):  
Chikumbusko Chiziwa Kaonga ◽  
Ishmael Bobby Mphangwe Kosamu ◽  
Wells Robert Utembe
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Urban Dust ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

This review gives insights into the levels of metals in urban dust, their determination methods, and risk assessment. Urban dust harbors a number of pollutants, including heavy metals. There are various methods used for the sampling of urban dust for heavy-metal analysis and source-apportionment purposes, with the predominant one being the use of plastic sampling materials to avoid prior contamination. There are also various methods for the determination of metals, which include: atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), among others. Studies have shown that pollutants in urban dust are mainly derived from industrial activities and coal combustion, whereas traffic emissions are also an important, but not a predominant source of pollution. The varying particle-size distribution of urban dust and its large surface area makes it easier for the deposition and transport of heavy metals. Risk-assessment studies have shown that metals in urban dust could cause such problems as human pulmonary toxicity and reduction of invertebrate populations. The risk levels seem to be higher in children than adults, as some studies have shown. It is therefore important that studies on metals in urban dust should always incorporate risk assessment as one of the main issues.

scholarly journals Tissue distribution and cellular localization of gold nanocarriers with bound oligonucleotides

Nanomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 709-720
Author(s):  
Nayab Fatima ◽  
Ugur Akcan ◽  
Mehmet Kaya ◽  
Radka Gromnicova ◽  
Jane Loughlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Cellular Localization ◽  
Negative Charge ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Splenic Macrophages ◽  
Gold Glyconanoparticles ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Aim: The aim of the study was to determine how the addition of a DNA oligonucleotide cargo to 3-nm gold glyconanoparticles would affect tissue distribution. Methods: Gold glyconanoparticles with 1–6 covalently bound oligonucleotides (40 nt dsDNA) were injected into rats and allowed to circulate for 10 min. Organs were harvested and gold quantitated by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cellular localization of the nanocarriers was determined by electron microscopy. Results & conclusion: Addition of DNA cargo to the nanocarriers prevented localization in the kidney but increased localization in liver hepatocytes and splenic macrophages. There was no significant change in heart, lung or brain. DNA increases the size and adds a strong negative charge to the nanoparticles, which radically affects tissue distribution.

scholarly journals Hair Lead, Aluminum, and Other Toxic Metals in Normal-Weight and Obese Patients with Coronary Heart Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8195
Author(s):  
Anatoly V. Skalny ◽  
Philippe Yu Kopylov ◽  
Monica M. B. Paoliello ◽  
Jung-Su Chang ◽  
Michael Aschner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Obese Subjects

The objective of the present study was to evaluate hair toxic metal levels in patients with obesity and/or coronary heart disease (CHD). Following a 2 × 2 factorial design, subjects without CHD were grouped into normal weight control (n = 123) and obese groups (n = 140). Patients suffering from CHD were divided into normal weight (n = 180) and obese CHD subjects (n = 240). Hair Al, As, Cd, Hg, Ni, and Pb levels were evaluated using inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometry. The data demonstrate that hair Al and Hg levels were higher in obese subjects as compared to normal weight controls. Normal weight CHD patients were characterized by significantly higher hair Al, As, Cd, and Pb levels when compared to healthy subjects. The highest hair Al, As, and Pb levels were observed in obese CHD patients, significantly exceeding the respective values in other groups. Factorial analysis revealed significant influence of factorial interaction (CHD*obesity) only for hair Pb content. Given the role of obesity as a risk factor for CHD, it is proposed that increased toxic metal accumulation in obesity may promote further development of cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of particle PM10 in Tikveš area and their infuence in the environment

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Ivan Boev ◽  
Trajce Stafilov
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Chemical Content ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
The City

<p>In this work the results of investigation of the geochemical and mineralogical characteristics of particulate matters below 10 μm (PM<sub>10</sub>) collected from Tikveš area, Republic of Macedonia, are presented. For that purpose, PM<sub>10</sub> samples were collected from the city of Kavadarci and from the area close to the ferronickel smelter plant. As well as the concentration of PM<sub>10</sub>, the chemical content and mineral phases of dust samples and their relations to some anthropogenic sources are investigated. Determination of the content of various elements was performed by using inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) was used for the determination of mineralogical phase content. From the obtained results, it can be concluded that the concentration of PM<sub>10</sub> in the vicinity of the ferronickel smelter is much higher than those from the city of Kavadarci. It was found that PM<sub>10</sub> samples collected close to the ferronickel smelter plant have a higher content of some elements present in higher concentrations in the ore processed in the ferronickel smelter plant (Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, Cr) than those from the town of Kavadarci, showing their anthropogenic origin. The investigations performed by applying electron microscopy (SEM-EDS) unequivocally confirmed the results obtained using X-ray diffraction and ICP-MS. Namely, mineral phases present in the particulates were found to be those which are present in the ore used in the process in the metallurgical plant, including chlorite, amphibole, pyroxene, magnetite, chromites, quartz, calcite or plagioklas clay minerals.</p>

Heavy metal accumulation in Lacistorhynchus dollfusi (Trypanorhyncha: Lacistorhynchidae) infecting Citharichthys sordidus (Pleuronectiformes: Bothidae) from Santa Monica Bay, Southern California

Parasitology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 143 (6) ◽  
pp. 794-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. COURTNEY-HOGUE
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Santa Monica Bay ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Santa Monica ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry

SUMMARYThe accumulation of heavy metals in macroparasites of fish has been widely studied in freshwater environments. Less is known about metal uptake in cestodes parasitizing marine fish. Lacistorhynchus dollfusi is a common larval cestode parasite of Pacific sanddab (Citharichthys sordidus), a flatfish species inhabiting Santa Monica Bay. The ability of this cestode to concentrate metals in its tissues was compared with metal levels in its sanddab host. Fish and cestode tissue were analysed for 14 elements using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. The elements analysed were silver (Ag), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), mercury (Hg), potassium (K), lead (Pb), rubidium (Rb), selenium (Se), strontium (Sr), titanium (Ti) and zinc (Zn). Three of the 14 metals (Cu, Hg and Zn) were significantly greater in concentration in L. dollfusi compared with their levels in the liver, intestine and muscle of their fish host. They ranked in concentration from highest to lowest as follows: Zn > Cu > Hg. The ability of the cestode L. dollfusi to uptake metals at higher concentrations than its host warrants its consideration as a candidate for a heavy metal accumulation indicator of pollution exposure in Pacific sanddab.

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