scholarly journals Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of M50 Steel by Combining Cold Rolling with Austempering

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 381
Author(s):  
Dongsheng Qian ◽  
Yuangeng He ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Yun Chen ◽  
Xiaohui Lu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Cold Rolling ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Impact ◽  
M50 Steel

The microstructure and mechanical properties of M50 steel subjected to combining cold rolling (CR) with austempering are investigated. The microstructure is characterized using X-ray diffraction and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The mechanical properties are measured using the uniaxial tensile and Charpy impact tests. It is observed that an excellent combination of ultimate tensile strength (2536 MPa) and impact toughness (128 J) was achieved by combining austempering with CR; of which the ultimate tensile strength increased by 10% compared with traditional martensite quenching-tempering (Q-T) specimen and the impact absorbed energy exhibited 2.3 times of that in Q-T specimen. The observation of the microstructure indicates that CR obviously refines the thickness of bainite sheaves, which is favorable for the formation of ultrafine equiaxed ferrite during tempering.

scholarly journals Effects of Gd, Y Content on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-Gd-Y-Nd-Zr Alloy

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changping Tang ◽  
Kai Wu ◽  
Wenhui Liu ◽  
Di Feng ◽  
Xuezhao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shaped Particle ◽  
Zr Alloy ◽  
Non Equilibrium

The effects of Gd, Y content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Gd-Y-Nd-Zr alloy were investigated using hardness measurements, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and uniaxial tensile testing. The results indicate that the alloys in as-cast condition mainly consist of α-Mg matrix and non-equilibrium eutectic Mg5.05RE (RE = Gd, Y, Nd). After solution treatment, the non-equilibrium eutectics dissolved into the matrix but some block shaped RE-rich particles were left at the grain boundaries and within grains. These particles are especially Y-rich and deteriorate the mechanical properties of the alloys. Both the compositions of the eutectic and the block shaped particle were independent of the total Gd, Y content of the alloys, but the number of the particles increases as the total Gd, Y content increases. The ultimate tensile strength increases as the total Gd, Y content decreases. A Mg-5.56Gd-3.38Y-1.11Nd-0.48Zr alloy with the highest ultimate tensile strength of 280 MPa and an elongation of 1.3% was fabricated. The high strength is attributed to the age hardening behavior and the decrease in block shaped particles.

scholarly journals Preparation and Mechanical Properties of ZK61-Y Magnesium Alloy Wheel Hub via Liquid Forging—Isothermal Forging Process

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 385
Author(s):  
Yushi Qi ◽  
Heng Wang ◽  
Lili Chen ◽  
Hongming Zhang ◽  
Gang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Phase Hardening ◽  
Isothermal Forging ◽  
Forging Process ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Alloy Wheel

A ZK61-Y magnesium (Mg) alloy wheel hub was prepared via liquid forging—isothermal forging process. The effects of Y-element contents on the microstructure and mechanical properties of liquid forging blanks were investigated. The formation order of the second phase was I-phase (Mg3Zn6Y) → W-phase (Mg3Zn3Y2) → Z-phase (Mg12ZnY) with the increase of the Y-element content. Meanwhile, the I-phase and Z-phase formed in the liquid forging process were beneficial to the grain refinement. The numerical simulation of the isothermal forging process was carried out to analyze the effects of forming temperature on the temperature and stress field in the forming parts using the software Deform-3D. Isothermal forging experiments and post heat treatments were conducted. The influence of isothermal forging temperature, heat treatment temperature and preservation time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the forming parts were also studied. The dynamic recrystallization (DRX), second-phase hardening, and work hardening account for the improvement of properties after the isothermal forging process. The forming part forged at 380 °C displayed the outstanding properties. The elongation, yield strength, and ultimate tensile strength were 18.5%, 150 MPa and 315 MPa, respectively. The samples displayed an increased elongation and decreased strength after heat treatments. The 520 °C—1 h sample possessed the best mechanical properties, the elongation was 25.5%, the yield stress was 125 MPa and the ultimate tensile strength was 282 MPa. This can be ascribed to the recrystallization and the elimination of working hardening. Meanwhile, the second phase transformation (I-phase → W-phase → Mg2Y + MgZn2), dissolution, and decomposition can be observed, as well.

scholarly journals The Impact of Slicing Softwares on the Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Parts

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 487-494
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Stl File ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Intersection Curves ◽  
The Impact

“Slicing tool” or “Slicing Software” computes the intersection curves of models and slicing planes. They improve the quality of the model being printed when given in the form of STL file. Upon analyzing a specimen that has been printed using two different slicing tools, there was a drastic variation on account of the mechanical properties of the specimen. The ultimate tensile strength and the surface roughness of the material vary from one tool to another. This paper reports an investigation and analysis of the variation in the ultimate tensile strength and the surface roughness of the specimen, given that the 3D printer and the model being printed is the same, with a variation of usage of slicing software. This analysis includes ReplicatorG, Flashprint as the two different slicing tools that are used for slicing of the model. The variation in the ultimate tensile strength and the surface roughness are measured and represented statistically through graphs. An appropriate decisive conclusion was drawn on the basis of the observations and analysis of the experiment on relevance to the behavior and mechanical properties of the specimen.

Effect of Nd Content and Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-Zn-Nd Alloy

2017 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 124-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Min Xu ◽  
Xin Ying Teng ◽  
Xing Jing Ge ◽  
Jin Yang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Cast Alloy ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Magnesium Matrix ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties

In this paper, the microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-cast and heat treatment of Mg-Zn-Nd alloy was investigated. The alloy was manufactured by a conventional casting method, and then subjected to a heat treatment. The results showed that the microstructure of as-cast alloy was comprised of α-Mg matrix and Mg12Nd phase. With increase of Nd content, the grain size gradually decreased from 25.38 μm to 9.82 μm. The ultimate tensile strength and elongation at room temperature of the Mg94Zn2Nd4 alloy can be reached to 219.63 MPa and 5.31%. After heat treatment, part of the second phase dissolved into the magnesium matrix and the grain size became a little larger than that of the as-cast. The ultimate tensile strength was declined by about 2.5%, and the elongation was increased to 5.47%.

scholarly journals Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Tempered Ausrolled Nanobainite Steel

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 573
Author(s):  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Dezheng Liu ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Yongsheng Yang ◽  
Tiansheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Retained Austenite ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Bainitic Ferrite ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Fracture Appearance ◽  
The Impact

The microstructures and mechanical properties of ausrolled nanobainite steel, after being tempered at temperatures in the range of 200−400 °C, were investigated in this study. After being tempered, bainitic ferrite is coarsened and the volume fraction of retained austenite is reduced. The hardness and ultimate tensile strength decrease sharply. The impact energy, yield strength, and elongation increase with elevated tempered temperature at 200–300 °C but decrease with elevated tempered temperature when the samples are tempered at 350 °C and 400 °C. The fracture appearance of all the samples after impact tests is a brittle fracture. The variation of the mechanical properties may be due to partial recovery and recrystallization.

Influence of Cold Rolling Reduction on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties in 204C2 Austenitic Stainless Steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 944 ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
Tian Yi Wang ◽  
Ren Bo Song ◽  
Heng Jun Cai ◽  
Jian Wen ◽  
Yang Su
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Cold Rolling ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Rolling Reduction ◽  
Cold Rolling Reduction

The present study investigated the effect of cold rolling reduction on microstructure and mechanical properties of a 204C2 Cr–Mn austenitic stainless steel which contained 16%Cr, 2%Ni, 9%Mn and 0.083 %C). The 204C2 austenitic stainless steels were cold rolled at multifarious thickness reductions of 10%, 20%, 30%,40% and 50%, which were compared with the solution-treated one. Microstructure of them was investigated by means of optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction technique and scanning electron microscopy. For mechanical properties investigations, hardness and tensile tests were carried out. Results shows that the cold rolling reduction induced the martensitic transformation (γ→α ́) in the structure of the austenitic stainless steel. With the increase of the rolling reduction, the amount of strain-induced martensite increased gradually. Hardness, ultimate tensile strength and yield strength increased with the incremental rolling reduction in 204C2 stainless steels, while the elongation decreased. At the thickness reduction of 50%, the specimen obtained best strength and hardness. Hardness of 204C2 stain steel reached 679HV. Ultimate tensile strength reached 1721 MPa. Yield strength reached 1496 MPa.

EFFECT OF BORON ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HOT-ROLLED Nb-ADDED HSLA H-SECTION STEEL

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (06n07) ◽  
pp. 1885-1890 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZUOCHENG WANG ◽  
GUOTAO CUI ◽  
TAO SUN ◽  
WEIMIN GUO ◽  
XIULING ZHAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Charpy Impact Test ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Boron Addition ◽  
Low Temperature Impact Toughness ◽  
The Impact

In our research, boron was added into the Nb -added high strength low alloy (HSLA) H -section steels. The contents of boron added were 4ppm, 8ppm and 11ppm, respectively. The mechanical properties of H -section steels with/without boron were examined by using uniaxial tensile test and Charpy impact test ( V -notch). The morphologies of the microstructure and the fracture surfaces of the impact specimens were observed by metalloscope, stereomicroscope and electron probe. The experimental results indicate that boron gives a significant increase in impact toughness, especially in low temperature impact toughness, though it leads to an unremarkable increase in strength and plasticity. For instance, the absorbed energy at -40°C reaches up to 126J from 15J by 8ppm boron addition, and the ductile-brittle transition temperature declines by 20°C. It is shown that boron has a beneficial effect on grain refinement. The fracture mechanism is transited from cleavage fracture to dimple fracture due to boron addition.

Effect of Bi on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Extruded AZ80-2Sn Magnesium Alloy

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hansong Xue ◽  
Xinyu Li ◽  
Weina Zhang ◽  
Zhihui Xing ◽  
Jinsong Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Average Grain Size

AbstractThe effects of Bi on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ80-2Sn alloy were investigated. The results show that the addition of Bi within the as-cast AZ80-2Sn alloy promotes the formation of Mg3Bi2 phase, which can refine the grains and make the eutectic phases discontinuous. The addition of 0.5 % Bi within the as-extruded AZ80-2Sn alloy, the average grain size decreases to 12 μm and the fine granular Mg17Al12 and Mg3Bi2 phases are dispersed in the α-Mg matrix. With an increase in Bi content, the Mg17Al12 and Mg3Bi2 phases become coarsened and the grain size increases. The as-extruded AZ80-2Sn-0.5 %Bi alloy has the optimal properties, and the ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and elongation are 379.6 MPa, 247.1 MPa and 14.8 %, respectively.

scholarly journals Effects of Vehicle-Induced Vibrations on the Tensile Performance of Early Age PVA-ECC

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Zhang ◽  
Shuguang Liu ◽  
Changwang Yan ◽  
Xiaoxiao Wang ◽  
Huiwen Wang
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Grey Correlation ◽  
Tensile Performance ◽  
Grey Correlation Analysis ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study was to conduct laboratory test programs on how much vehicle-induced vibrations during early ages affected the tensile performance of Polyvinyl alcohol-engineering cementitious composites (PVA-ECC). A self-improved device was used to simulate the vehicle-induced vibrations, and after vibrating with the designed variables, both a uniaxial tensile test and a grey correlation analysis were performed. The results indicated that: the effects of vehicle-induced vibrations on the tensile performance of early age PVA-ECC were significant, and they generally tended to be negative in this investigation. In particular, for all of the vibrated PVA-ECC specimens, the most negative age when vibrated occurred during the period between the initial set and the final set. In this period, the effects of the vibration duration on the tensile performance of the PVA-ECC tended to be negative overall, but the impact trend and the degree varied for the corresponding lengths of duration and levels of frequency. The cracking strength was the most sensitive to the variables in this investigation, and then it followed the ultimate tensile strength and strain. The grey correlation analysis was applicable in analyzing the effects of vehicle-induced vibrations on the tensile performance of early age PVA-ECC.

Uncertainty quantification and prediction for mechanical properties of graphene aerogels via gaussian process metamodels

Nano Futures ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bowen Zheng ◽  
Zeyu Zheng ◽  
Grace Gu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Gaussian Process ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Graphene Aerogel ◽  
Graphene Aerogels

Abstract Graphene aerogels, a special class of 3D graphene assemblies, are well known for their exceptional combination of high strength, lightweightness, and high porosity. However, due to microstructural randomness, the mechanical properties of graphene aerogels are also highly stochastic, an issue that has been observed but insufficiently addressed. In this work, we develop Gaussian process metamodels to not only predict important mechanical properties of graphene aerogels but also quantify their uncertainties. Using the molecular dynamics simulation technique, graphene aerogels are assembled from randomly distributed graphene flakes and spherical inclusions, and are subsequently subject to a quasi-static uniaxial tensile load to deduce mechanical properties. Results show that given the same density, mechanical properties such as the Young’s modulus and the ultimate tensile strength can vary substantially. Treating density, Young’s modulus, and ultimate tensile strength as functions of the inclusion size, and using the simulated graphene aerogel results as training data, we build Gaussian process metamodels that can efficiently predict the properties of unseen graphene aerogels. In addition, statistically valid confidence intervals centered around the predictions are established. This metamodel approach is particularly beneficial when the data acquisition requires expensive experiments or computation, which is the case for graphene aerogel simulations. The present research quantifies the uncertain mechanical properties of graphene aerogels, which may shed light on the statistical analysis of novel nanomaterials of a broad variety.

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