scholarly journals Mechanism of Melt Separation in Preparation of Low-Oxygen High Titanium Ferroalloy Prepared by Multistage and Deep Reduction

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chu Cheng ◽  
Zhihe Dou ◽  
Tingan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Iron Concentrate ◽  
Metal Separation ◽  
High Basicity ◽  
Slag Treatment ◽  
Melt Separation ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Heat Preservation

A novel method to prepare low-oxygen and high-titanium ferroalloy by multistage and deep reduction was proposed in this study. Specifically, the raw materials, high titanium slag and iron concentrate are firstly reduced by insufficient Al powder to obtain high temperature melt. Secondly, CaO and CaF2 are added into the melt to adjust the basicity of the molten slag. Then, a melt separation under the heat preservation is carried out to intensify the slag-metal separation. Finally, calcium or magnesium is added into the metal melt for a deep reduction. Thereafter, high titanium ferroalloy with an extra-low oxygen content can be obtained. Effects of slag basicity and melt separation time on the slag-metal separation removal were systematically studied. The results indicate that the high titanium ferroalloy, produced by the thermite method, contains a lot of Al2O3 inclusions. This leads to a high oxygen and aluminum content in the alloy. With a melt separation with high basicity slag treatment, the Al2O3 inclusions can be effectively removed from the alloy melt, and the slag-metal separation efficiency is greatly improved. With the addition of high basicity slag during melt separation, Ti content in the alloy is improved from 51.04% to 68.24%. Furthermore, and the Al and O contents are reduced from 10.38% and 9.36% to 4.24% and 1.56%, respectively. However, suboxides, such as Ti2O and Fe0.9536O, still exist after a melt separation. This indicates that a deep reduction is needed to obtain extra-low oxygen high titanium ferroalloy.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Ti3AlC2/Al2O3 nanocomposite by a novel method

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Zhu ◽  
L. Ye ◽  
F. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Reaction Path ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Good Combination ◽  
High Energy Milling ◽  
Al2o3 Composite ◽  
Novel Method

A Ti3AlC2/Al2O3 nanocomposite was synthesized using Ti, Al, C and TiO2 as raw materials by a novel combination of high-energy milling and hot pressing. The reaction path of the 3Ti-8C-16Al-9TiO2 mixture of powders was investigated, and the results show that the transitional phases TiC, TixAly and Al2O3 are formed in high-energy milling first, and then TixAly is transformed to the TiAl phase during the hot pressing. Finally, a reaction between TiC and TiAl occurs to produce Ti3AlC2 and the nanosized Ti3AlC2/Al2O3 composite is synthesized. The Ti3AlC2/Al2O3 composite possessed a good combination of mechanical properties with a hardness of 6.0 GPa, a flexural strength of 600 MPa, and a fracture toughness (K1C) of 5.8 MPa?m1/2. The strengthening and toughening mechanisms were also discussed.

scholarly journals Solvent- and Catalyst-free Synthesis, Hybridization and Characterization of Biobased Nonisocyanate Polyurethane (NIPU)

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin He ◽  
Xiaoling Xu ◽  
Qian Wan ◽  
Guangxu Bo ◽  
Yunjun Yan
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ethylene Carbonate ◽  
Synthetic Method ◽  
Dimer Acid ◽  
Catalyst Free ◽  
Program Temperature ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Nonisocyanate Polyurethane ◽  
High Degree

Nonisocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) is a research hotspot in polyurethane applications because it does not use phosgene. Herein, a novel method of solvent- and catalyst-free synthesis of a hybrid nonisocyanate polyurethane (HNIPU) is proposed. First, four diamines were used to react with ethylene carbonate to obtain four bis(hydroxyethyloxycarbonylamino)alkane (BHA). Then, BHA reacted with dimer acid under condensation in the melt to prepare four nonisocynate polyurethane prepolymers. Further, the HNIPUs were obtained by crosslinking prepolymers and resin epoxy and cured with the program temperature rise. In addition, four amines and two resin epoxies were employed to study the effects and regularity of HNIPUs. According to the results from thermal and dynamic mechanical analyses, those HNIPUs showed a high degree of thermal stability, and the highest 5% weight loss reached about 350 °C. More importantly, the utilization of these green raw materials accords with the concept of sustainable development. Further, the synthetic method and HNIPUs don’t need isocyanates, catalysts, or solvents.

Mechanical Behavior of the Cr3C2 Compound at High Pressure and High Temperature

2015 ◽  
Vol 1120-1121 ◽  
pp. 1187-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Li Jiang ◽  
Zi Li Kou ◽  
De Jiang Ma ◽  
Yong Kun Wang ◽  
Chun Xia Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Relative Density ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Density Measurements ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hardness Tests ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Heat Preservation

In the present study, we present a novel method to sinter Cr3C2 powders under high pressure without any addittives. The sintering Cr3C2 samples were charaterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), relative density measurements, Vicker’s hardness tests and Fracture toughness tests. The reasults show that Cr3C2 powders could be sintered to be bulk under the conditions of 3-5 GPa, 800-1200 °C and the heat preservation for 15 min. Moreover, the sintering body of Cr3C2 compound with the relative density of 99.84% by simultaneously tuning the pressure-temperature conditions exhibited excellent mechanical properties: a Vickers hardness of 20.3 GPa and a fracture toughness of ~8.9 MPam1/2. These properties were much higher than that by using the previous methods. The temperature condition obtained good mechanical properties in the experiment was about 1/3 lower than that using any other methods owing to the high pressure.

scholarly journals Integrated study on obtaining oxide pellets from brown iron ore

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 55-68
Author(s):  
Iurii N. Lopatin ◽  
◽  
Anton A. Mushketov ◽  
Elena G. Dmitrieva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Iron Concentrate ◽  
Oxidized Pellets ◽  
Weakly Magnetic ◽  
Magnetizing Roasting

Introduction. Currently, the main raw materials for the production of cast iron and steel at metallurgical plants are iron concentrates obtained from magnetite (ferrous) quartzites, titanium-magnetite, and skarn ores. The existing technologies for processing these types of ores, which mainly include separation processes based on magnetic properties, size, separating of equally falling grains, and surface wettability allow us to produce both ordinary iron concentrates and high quality ones. The use of such schemes in the processing of brown iron ore does not allow obtaining high rates of mineral concentration. One of the methods for processing this type of ore is a roasting-magnetic scheme, which allows converting weakly magnetic (non-magnetic) forms of iron into strongly magnetic ones. Research objective is to develop the mode of magnetizing roasting of brown iron ore, technology of concentrating of the burn-out product in order to obtain iron concentrate and oxide pellets. Methods of research. The duration of heat treatment of the charge consisting of iron ore from the Abail deposit and coal from the Ekibastuz deposit and the required mass fraction of solid carbon contained in the coal are determined. Technological studies of the roasted product were carried out in order to obtain a concentrate with a mass fraction of iron at least 67%. According to the developed technology, a batch of iron concentrate was developed in order to obtain and study raw and oxide pellets. Results. The modes of magnetizing roasting of brown iron ore from the Abail deposit and cooling of the roasted material have been developed. A scheme for mineral processing of the roasted material has been developed in order to obtain a concentrate with at least 67% of iron mass fraction. The process of obtaining strong raw and roasted pellets from iron concentrate is studied. Conclusions. The developed mode of magnetizing roasting of the charge consisting of coal and ore from the Abail deposit makes it possible to obtain a roasted product with a degree of magnetization of 93%. The using of desliming of the roasted product makes it possible to remove magnetic floccules from the processing that reduce the concentrate quality, and to obtain a concentrate with a mass fraction of iron of at least 67% in the last stage of magnetic separation. From the iron concentrate, it is possible to obtain oxidized pellets with a strength of at least 200 kg/pellet at temperature of pellets firing of 1325 °C.

scholarly journals Natural Advantages of Preparation of Composites from Minerals: Effect of Bauxite Addition on the Microstructures and Properties of Fe-Al2O3 Based Composites

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxin Chen ◽  
Baowei Li ◽  
Yu Shi ◽  
Shunli Ouyang
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Dislocation Density ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Metal Phase ◽  
Alkali Resistance ◽  
Mechanism Analysis ◽  
Iron Concentrate ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Deformation Ability

Fe-Al2O3 composites were prepared by pressureless sintering, using Bayan Obo iron concentrate and bauxite as the main raw materials, activated carbon was added as the reducing agent. The effects of different bauxite additions on the phase composition, microstructures, mechanical properties, and the corrosion-resistance were investigated. The results show that the average grain size of alumina decreased as the bauxite content increased. In addition, bauxite contains TiO2, CaO, and MgO, that can form a liquid phase at high temperature, causing the heat capacity of the micro-zone around the metal phase to be different, which leads to a change of undercooling and further affects the dislocation density of the metal phase. The plastic deformation ability of the metal phase can be improved with the low dislocation density. Fracture mechanism analysis indicated that the metal phase absorbed energy through plastic deformation. The optimum performance of the sample was as follows: the flexural strength was 310 MPa, the hardness 12.14 GPa, the alkali resistance 98.32%, and the acid resistance 95.44%.

A Novel Method for Chlorine and Sulfur Determination in Gluten-Free and Gluten-Containing Edible Flours from Different Raw Materials and Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1799-1805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia F. Mesko ◽  
Vanize C. Costa ◽  
Jussiane S. Silva ◽  
Priscila T. Scaglioni ◽  
Angelica C. Frohlich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Sulfur Determination ◽  
Novel Method

scholarly journals A Novel Method of Fabricating Al-V Intermetallic Alloy through Electrode Heating

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heli Wan ◽  
Baoqiang Xu ◽  
Lanjie Li ◽  
Bin Yang ◽  
Dongming Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Alloy Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Intermetallic Alloy ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
New Process ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Heating Technology

A novel method was developed to produce AlV55 alloy through reducing impurities content and component segregation with electrode assisted heating technology. This new process synergistically integrates a few low-cost process techniques, including granulation, mixing, and electro-heating to produce AlV55 alloy. During the heating process, the CaO is used as an additive in the raw materials. The uniform of AlV55 alloy composition and low impurities content are effectively controlled by this process. The analysis results show that Si (0.13 wt%), Fe (0.22 wt%), N (0.007 wt%), C (0.078 wt%), and O (0.051 wt%) impurities in the AlV55 products were reduced, which met the commercial standard (TS/T 579-2014), and V content ranged from 57.5 to 58.5 wt% when the Al/V2O5 mass ratio was 0.94:1. This method can realize the controllability of the reaction process and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.

Preparation and Characterization of Melt-Spun Poly( Acrylonitrile-Methylacrylate) Hollow Fiber

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 339-342
Author(s):  
Wei Wei Peng ◽  
Na Han ◽  
Xiao Fen Tang ◽  
Hai Hui Liu ◽  
Xing Xiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Heat Preservation

In this study, a 85/15 AN/MA copolymer (acrylonitrile – methylacrylate copolymer with feed ratio of 85/15 mol%) was synthesized by emulsion polymerization at 60 °C, and then the copolymer was used to produce hollow fiber (abbreviated as PAN hollow fiber )by melt spinning using a single screw extruder machine. The PAN hollow fiber was characterized by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Thermo-gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). The hollow fiber of melt-spinning PAN with high hollow rate of 51.1% has a homogeneous wall and regular section. The hollow fiber is potentially used as raw materials to fabricate heat preservation fabric for comfort clothing.

Research on the Corn Stalk Composite Solvent Liquefaction

2012 ◽  
Vol 260-261 ◽  
pp. 1115-1119
Author(s):  
Xiang Yu Li ◽  
Yi Gang Zou ◽  
Jun Hua Wu ◽  
Jiu Yin Pang ◽  
Jun You Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Product Analysis ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 200 ◽  
Energy Products ◽  
Heat Preservation ◽  
Building Heat

The northeast of China with rich sources of corn straw resources as raw materials, we take use of multi-component solvent as the liquefaction. Ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol (200) and glycerol，the three kinds of solvent mixing for liquefacient. We got the optimum process conditions, which is reaction temperature is 160 °C, reaction time is 60 minutes, catalyst amount to total liquefied agent is 3%. On the product analysis shows that the solvent liquefied corn straw can be effectively degradation. The results indicated that the liquefaction products contains phenols, aldehydes, et al, such as carboxylic acid group material, which can be converted into the corresponding ether, ester etc polymer compound that can be used in plastic, building heat preservation etc partly replace at present, these resources products from petrochemical. Straw liquefaction can reduce dependence on fossil energy, and make up for a single energy products of the shortcomings of the economy, which have great significant strategic.

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