scholarly journals Molecular Mechanism of Anti-Inflammatory Activities of a Novel Sulfated Galactofucan from Saccharina japonica

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 430
Author(s):  
Xiaodan Chen ◽  
Liying Ni ◽  
Xiaoting Fu ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Delin Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Saccharina Japonica ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Death Rate ◽  
The World ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Seaweed of Saccharina japonica is the most abundantly cultured brown seaweed in the world, and has been consumed in the food industry due to its nutrition and the unique properties of its polysaccharides. In this study, fucoidan (LJNF3), purified from S. japonica, was found to be a novel sulfated galactofucan, with the monosaccharide of only fucose and galactose in a ratio of 79.22:20.78, and with an 11.36% content of sulfate groups. NMR spectroscopy showed that LJNF3 consists of (1→3)-α-l-fucopyranosyl-4-SO3 residues and (1→6)-β-d-galactopyranose units. The molecular mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect in RAW264.7 demonstrated that LJNF3 reduced the production of nitric oxide (NO), and down-regulated the expression of MAPK (including p38, ENK and JNK) and NF-κB (including p65 and IKKα/IKKβ) signaling pathways. In a zebrafish experiment assay, LJNF3 showed a significantly protective effect, by reducing the cell death rate, inhibiting NO to 59.43%, and decreasing about 40% of reactive oxygen species. This study indicated that LJNF3, which only consisted of fucose and galactose, had the potential to be developed in the biomedical, food and cosmetic industries.

scholarly journals The Effect of 630 nm Photobiomodulation on the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Human Gingival Fibroblasts

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Zeqing Chen ◽  
Xuwen Liu ◽  
Haokuan Qin ◽  
Zhicheng Lu ◽  
Shijie Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Light ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Human Gingival Fibroblasts ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Gingival Fibroblasts ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Periodontal disease is the most common oral chronic inflammatory disease in humans. Recent studies have indicated that red light Photobiomodulation (PBM) could inhibit cell inflammation effectively, but the effect of different doses of PBM on the treatment of inflammation has to be improved. Thus, this study was aimed to investigate the effects of various doses of PBM (630 ± 30 nm, (1) 5 mW/cm2, 1 J/cm2, 200 s; (2) 5 mW/cm2, 3 J/cm2, 600 s; (3) 5 mW/cm2, 9 J/cm2, 1800 s; (4) 5 mW/cm2, 18 J/cm2, 3600 s; (5) 5 mW/cm2,36 J/cm2, 7200 s) on the anti-inflammatory response of human gingival fibroblasts. Our results suggested that PBM (630 ± 30 nm) with doses of 18 J/cm2 and 36 J/cm2 could significantly inhibit the production of inflammatory cytokines such as Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and IL-8, presumably due to the fact that a high dose of PBM treatment could reduce intracellular Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human gingival fibroblasts, thus reducing the expression of COX-2 enzyme. In addition, it was found that treatment with different doses of PBM (630 ± 30 nm) did not result in reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial dysfunction in human gingival fibroblasts. Our study provides a theoretical reference for the selection of PBM parameters and the application of PBM in the clinical treatment of periodontitis.

scholarly journals An Overview of Golden Spice’s (Turmeric) Medicinal Properties for Future Development Potential

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zarini Ismail ◽  
Nur Ain Nabila Mazuki
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Traditional medicines that are derived mainly from herbaceous plants are widely used for years in many regions of the world. Currently, the world is facing the emergence of resistant microorganisms due to the overuse and misuse of antibiotics and the lack of new drug development. In consequence, the discovery of natural phytochemicals that are safe, cheap, non-toxic, and readily available would be an acceptable alternative source. Turmeric, scientifically known as Curcuma longa, in the family of Zingiberaceae (ginger) is well known for its diverse therapeutic properties. The medicinal properties of turmeric include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-carcinogenic, cardioprotective, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, and many more. Numerous studies have shown that curcumin (1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione), which is the most active compound of turmeric, plays a significant role as a therapeutic agent. The present article provides a brief overview of the plethora of research regarding the medicinal properties of golden spice (turmeric), specifically of curcumin's role in the treatment of various illnesses. Interestingly, turmeric might play a role in protecting COVID-19 patients against the development of lung injury caused by cytokine storms. Hence, this warrants further scientific research to monitor the anti-inflammatory effect of turmeric on SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals A3Adenosine Receptor Allosteric Modulator Induces an Anti-Inflammatory Effect:In VivoStudies and Molecular Mechanism of Action

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shira Cohen ◽  
Faina Barer ◽  
Sara Bar-Yehuda ◽  
Adriaan P. IJzerman ◽  
Kenneth A. Jacobson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Allosteric Modulator ◽  
Allosteric Modulators ◽  
Molecular Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

The A3adenosine receptor (A3AR) is overexpressed in inflammatory cells and in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of individuals with inflammatory conditions. Agonists to the A3AR are known to induce specific anti-inflammatory effects upon chronic treatment. LUF6000 is an allosteric compound known to modulate the A3AR and render the endogenous ligand adenosine to bind to the receptor with higher affinity. The advantage of allosteric modulators is their capability to target specifically areas where adenosine levels are increased such as inflammatory and tumor sites, whereas normal body cells and tissues are refractory to the allosteric modulators due to low adenosine levels. LUF6000 administration induced anti-inflammatory effect in 3 experimental animal models of rat adjuvant induced arthritis, monoiodoacetate induced osteoarthritis, and concanavalin A induced liver inflammation in mice. The molecular mechanism of action points to deregulation of signaling proteins including PI3K, IKK, IκB, Jak-2, and STAT-1, resulting in decreased levels of NF-κB, known to mediate inflammatory effects. Moreover, LUF6000 induced a slight stimulatory effect on the number of normal white blood cells and neutrophils. The anti-inflammatory effect of LUF6000, mechanism of action, and the differential effects on inflammatory and normal cells position this allosteric modulator as an attractive and unique drug candidate.

scholarly journals Silver Nanoparticles Affect the Inflammatory Response in a Lung Epithelial Cell Line

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-123
Author(s):  
Alaa Fehaid ◽  
Ryo Fujii ◽  
Takeshi Sato ◽  
Akiyoshi Taniguchi
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Lung Epithelial Cell ◽  
Epithelial Cell Line ◽  
Lung Epithelial ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Background and Objectives: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have a dual effect showing both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects; however, the molecular mechanism of their anti-inflammatory effect is not clearly understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of AgNPs on the inflammatory response. Methods: We induced an inflammatory response in a lung epithelial cell line using tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) as an in vitro inflammatory model. Then the effect of AgNPs on the TNFα-induced inflammatory response was observed. Results: The mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-18) showed upregulation of IL-1β by AgNPs alone. However, AgNPs reduced the TNFα-induced upregulation of IL-1β and IL-18. AgNPs reduced the TNFα-induced NF-KB response, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, Nod Like Receptor Family-Pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) gene expression, and caspase-1 activation, indicating that the anti-inflammatory effect of AgNPs was by inhibition of both NF-KB transcriptional and inflammasome pathways. Conversely, AgNPs alone induced the activation of both NF-KB transcriptional and inflammasome pathways, suggesting their involvement in the molecular mechanism of the inflammatory effect of AgNPs. Conclusion: Altogether, these findings show that two different pathways are involved in the molecular mechanism of both the dose-dependent inflammatory effect of AgNPs alone and the anti-inflammatory effect of AgNPs against the TNFα-induced inflammatory response. Understanding this mechanism will help to improve the medical applications of AgNPs and suggest their potential as a TNFα inhibitor to treat TNFα-induced inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals The difference of anti-inflammatory effect of brown algae extract Padina sp. and sargassum sp that is derived from punaga beach, South Sulawesi

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Asmawati Asmawati ◽  
Rafikah Hasyim ◽  
Andi Isti Ayu Lianingsih ◽  
Dwi Fitrah Ariani
Keyword(s):  
Brown Algae ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Inflammatory Agent ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

<p>Seaweed is one of resourceful plants in Indonesia. Some researchers suggested that brown seaweed has a potential to be an anti-inflammatory agent because it contains polysaccharide sulfate, PUFA, and fuchosantin. Punaga Village that is located in South Sulawesi is an area where most people work as seaweed farmer and cultivation of seaweed. This is why researcher found it interest to use natural sources as an alternative of herbal medicine especially as an anti-inflammatory. The objective of this study was to evaluate the difference of anti-inflammatory effect of brown algae extract <em>Padina sp. </em>and <em>Sargassum sp</em>. that is derived from Punaga Beach, South Sulawesi toward mice. Twenty male mice were used as sample in this study weighing 14-35 g and divided into four groups. Thirty minutes after injection of test material, 0.5 ml pepton 1% is injected into mice leg. The assessment of mice leg use plethysmometer that is taken on the first hour until fourth hour after injection of pepton 1%. Data analysis use T-test to find out the difference of anti-inflamatory effect of brown algae extract <em>Padina sp</em>. and <em>Sargassum sp</em>. The result of this study showed that brown algae extract <em>Padina sp</em> has p&lt;0.05 and brown algae extract <em>Sargassum sp</em>. has p&lt; 0.05 which means that there are anti-inflammatory effect found in both test materials. It is found that brown algae extract <em>Padina sp.</em> has longer anti inflammatory effect half time than in brown algae extract <em>Sargassum sp.</em><strong></strong></p>

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