scholarly journals Chitosan Oligosaccharide Alleviates Abnormal Glucose Metabolism without Inhibition of Hepatic Lipid Accumulation in a High-Fat Diet/Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Model

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 360
Author(s):  
Shing-Hwa Liu ◽  
Fan-Wen Chen ◽  
Meng-Tsan Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Chitosan Oligosaccharide ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Abnormal Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Diabetic Rat Model

This study investigated the effects of chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) on glucose metabolism and hepatic steatosis in a high-fat (HF) diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. Male Wistar rats were divided into: (1) normal control (NC group), (2) HF diet (HF group), (3) streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes with HF diet (DF group), and DF group supplemented with (4) 0.5% COS (D0.5F group), (5) 1% COS (D1F group), and (6) 5% COS (D5F group) for 4 weeks. COS supplementation significantly decreased the plasma glucose, BUN, creatinine, uric acid, triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) levels, and hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase activity, and significantly increased hepatic hexokinase activity and glycogen content in diabetic rats; but the increased hepatic TG and TC levels could not be significantly decreased by COS supplementation. Supplementation of COS increased superoxide dismutase activity and decreased lipid peroxidation products in the diabetic rat livers. COS supplementation significantly increased phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) protein expression, and attenuated protein expression of hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and phosphorylated p38 and renal sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) in diabetic rats. These results suggest that COS may possess a potential for alleviating abnormal glucose metabolism in diabetic rats through the inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis and lipid peroxidation and renal SGLT2 expression.

scholarly journals Antioxidants Isolated from Elaeagnus umbellata (Thunb.) Protect against Bacterial Infections and Diabetes in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Model

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4464
Author(s):  
Nausheen Nazir ◽  
Muhammad Zahoor ◽  
Mohammad Nisar ◽  
Imran Khan ◽  
Riaz Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Elaeagnus Umbellata ◽  
Diabetic Rat Model

The increase in resistance of microbes against conventional drugs is currently a hot issue, whereas diabetes is another main cause of mortalities encountered throughout the world after cancer and heart attacks. New drug sources in the form of plants are investigated to get effective drugs for the mentioned diseases with minimum side effects. Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb. is a medicinal plant used for the management of stress related disorders like diabetes and other health complications. The active constituents of the chloroform extract derived from E. umbellata berries was isolated by silica gel column chromatography which were identified as morin, phloroglucinol, and 1-hexyl benzene through various spectroscopic techniques (electron ionization mass spectrometry, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopy). The possible protective effects (antioxidant, antibacterial, and antidiabetic activity) of isolated compounds were evaluated using reported methods. Morin exhibited strong in vitro antiradical potential against DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals along with prominent antibacterial activities against selected bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis). Among the isolated compounds the more potent one (morin) was assessed for its in vivo antidiabetic potential in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. The in vivo effects observed were further confirmed in ex vivo experiments where the effect of isolated compound on antioxidant enzyme like glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total content of reduced glutathione (GSH), % DPPH inhibition, and the lipid peroxidation MDA (Malondialdehyde) level in pancreatic tissues homogenates were evaluated. In vivo morin at tested doses (2, 10, 15, 30 and 50 mg/kg body weight) significantly restored the alterations in the levels of fasting blood glucose level and body weight loss along with significant decrease in levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein, HbA1c level, and significantly increased the high-density lipoprotein in diabetic rats. Morin also effectively ameliorated the hepatic enzymes, and renal functions like serum creatinine. Morin significantly increased the antioxidant enzyme like GPx activity, GSH content, and % DPPH inhibition activity, while reduced the lipid peroxidation MDA (malondialdehyde) level in pancreatic tissues homogenates, and modification of histopathological changes in diabetic rats. Morin exhibited high antioxidant, antibacterial, and antidiabetic potentials as compared to phloroglucinol and 1-hexyl benzene, that could, therefore, be considered as a promising therapeutic agent to treat diabetes mellitus and bacterial infections.

scholarly journals Nicotine Exposure Exacerbates Development of Cataracts in a Type 1 Diabetic Rat Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nima Tirgan ◽  
Gabriela A. Kulp ◽  
Praveena Gupta ◽  
Adam Boretsky ◽  
Tomasz A. Wiraszka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Nicotine Treatment ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat Model

Diabetes and smoking are known risk factors for cataract development. In this study, we evaluated the effect of nicotine on the progression of cataracts in a type 1 diabetic rat model. Diabetes was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by a single injection of 65 mg/kg streptozotocin. Daily nicotine injections were administered subcutaneously. Forty-five rats were divided into groups of diabetics with and without nicotine treatment and controls with and without nicotine treatment. Progression of lens opacity was monitored using a slit lamp biomicroscope and scores were assigned. To assess whether systemic inflammation played a role in mediating cataractogenesis, we studied serum levels of eotaxin, IL-6, and IL-4. The levels of the measured cytokines increased significantly in nicotine-treated and untreated diabetic animals versus controls and demonstrated a positive trend in the nicotine-treated diabetic rats. Our data suggest the presence of a synergistic relationship between nicotine and diabetes that accelerated cataract formation via inflammatory mediators.

Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Effect ofSemecarpus anacardiumLinn. Nut Milk Extract in a High-Fat Diet STZ-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Rat Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haseena Banu Hedayathullah Khan ◽  
Kaladevi Siddhi Vinayagam ◽  
Ashwini Sekar ◽  
Shanthi Palanivelu ◽  
Sachdanandam Panchanadham
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diabetic Rat Model ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Skeletal characters in type 2 diabetic rat model induced by high fat diet and low dose streptozotocin

Bone ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. S66
Author(s):  
Liping Zhang ◽  
Haiqin Rong ◽  
Hong Ji ◽  
Yaping Liu ◽  
Dong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diabetic Rat Model ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Antihyperglycemic effect of rice husk derived xylooligosaccharides in high‐fat diet and low‐dose streptozotocin‐induced type 2 diabetic rat model

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 428-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuntawat Khat‐udomkiri ◽  
Parichart Toejing ◽  
Sasithorn Sirilun ◽  
Chaiyavat Chaiyasut ◽  
Narissara Lailerd
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Antihyperglycemic Effect ◽  
Diabetic Rat Model ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Fushiming Capsule Attenuates Diabetic Rat Retina Damage via Antioxidation and Anti-Inflammation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengshan He ◽  
Pan Long ◽  
Lunfeng Guo ◽  
Mingke Zhang ◽  
Siwang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Outer Nuclear Layer ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Retinal Function ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Rat Retina ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Diabetic Rat Model

Aims. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains one of the leading causes of acquired blindness. Fushiming capsule (FSM), a compound traditional Chinese medicine, is clinically used for DR treatment in China. The present study was to investigate the effect of FSM on retinal alterations, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress triggered by diabetes. Main Methods. Diabetic rat model was induced by 6-week high-fat and high-sugar diet combined with 35 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ). 30 days after successful establishment of diabetic rat model, full field electroretinography (ffERG) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were performed to detect retinal pathological alterations. Then, FSM was administered to diabetic rats at different dosages for 42-day treatment and diabetic rats treated with Calcium dobesilate (CaD) capsule served as the positive group. Retinal function and structure were observed, and retinal vascular endothelial growth factor-α (VEGF-α), glial fibrillary acidic (GFAP), and vascular cell adhesion protein-1 (VCAM-1) expressions were measured both on mRNA and protein levels, and a series of blood metabolic indicators were also assessed. Key Findings. In DR rats, FSM (1.0 g/kg and 0.5 g/kg) treatment significantly restored retinal function (a higher amplitude of b-wave in dark-adaptation 3.0 and OPs2 wave) and prevented the decrease of retinal thickness including inner nuclear layer (INL), outer nuclear layer (ONL), and entire retina. Additionally, FSM dramatically decreased VEGF-α, GFAP, and VCAM-1 expressions in retinal tissues. Moreover, FSM notably improved serum antioxidative enzymes glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities, whereas it reduced serum advanced glycation end products, methane dicarboxylic aldehyde, nitric oxide, and total cholesterol and triglycerides levels. Significance. FSM could ameliorate diabetic rat retina damage possibly via inhibiting inflammation and improving antioxidation.

Anti-diabetic effect of Semecarpus anacardium Linn nut milk extract in a high fat diet STZ-induced type 2 diabetic rat model

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1395-1400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haseena Banu Hedayathullah Khan ◽  
Kaladevi Siddhi Vinayagam ◽  
Shanthi Palanivelu ◽  
Sachdanandam Panchanatham
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Semecarpus Anacardium ◽  
Diabetic Rat Model ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic
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