scholarly journals Dietary Supplementation of Brown Seaweed and/or Nucleotides Improved Shrimp Performance, Health Status and Cold-Tolerant Gene Expression of Juvenile Whiteleg Shrimp during the Winter Season

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abdel-Rahim ◽  
Omar Bahattab ◽  
Fatma Nossir ◽  
Yahya Al-Awthan ◽  
Riad H. Khalil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Super Oxide Dismutase ◽  
Cold Tolerant

This study was aimed to evaluate the efficiency of Sargassumpolycystum and nucleotides- supplemented diets to improve immune response and cold-tolerance of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei. Four treatments were evaluated: T1, the control, shrimp received only a basal diet; T2, a basal diet with 500 ppm nucleotides; T3, a basal diet with 500 ppm S.polycystum powdered; T4, a basal diet with 500 ppm nucleotides and 500 ppm S.polycystum powdered. Shrimp were fed experimental diets for 56 days. Results revealed shrimp fed T4 diet exhibited the best significant improvement in water quality, survival, growth, and feed utilization indices followed by T2, and T3, while T1 showed the worst values. Additionally, nonspecific immune responses (phagocytosis (%), lysozyme, phenoloxidase, super oxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total nitric oxide) were improved with 1.7–3.2-fold in T4 higher than T1. Histomorphology of hepatopancreas in T4 showed the most increased activation of the hepatic glandular duct system compared with the other treatments. Moreover, nucleotides/seaweed-supplemented diets upregulated relative expression of cMnSOD, Penaeidin4, and heat shock protein70 (HSP70) genes, while translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) was downregulated. In conclusion, the synergistic effects of both S. polycystum and nucleotides have many advantages as a growth promoter, immunostimulant, antimicrobial, and cold-tolerant stimulant to L. vannamei.

scholarly journals 14. Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Garlic (Allium Sativum) and Turmeric (Curcuma Longa) on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, Blood Profile and Oxidative Status in Growing Rabbits

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 489-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Alagawany ◽  
Elwy Ali Ashour ◽  
Fayez Mohamed Reda
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Rabbit Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Blood Profile

Abstract This study was performed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with garlic and turmeric powder as growth promoter agents on performance, carcass traits, serum biochemistry, and antioxidant enzyme activities of growing rabbits. A total of 112 New Zealand White rabbits (NZW) at 5 weeks of age were randomly assigned to seven treatments with four replicates. The dietary treatments consisted of 7 groups as follows; the basal diet as control, phytogenic additives groups were supplemented with 2, 4, and 6 g/kg garlic or turmeric powder added to the basal diet. There were no linear and quadratic differences (P<0.05) in growth performance after garlic or turmeric supplementation at all studied ages. Compared with the control group, supplementation of diets with garlic or turmeric linearly and quadratically elevated immunity biomarkers such as total protein (TP), albumin (AL) and immunoglobulin (IgG) levels and decreased (linearly and quadratically, P<0.05) aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT ), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) levels in rabbit serum. However, TP, AL, globulin (GL), IgG and IgM levels were linearly and quadratically enhanced with increasing turmeric levels versus the control diet. Hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT ) and glutathione peroxidase GSH-Px activities as well as reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations were linearly and quadratically (P<0.05) improved in garlic or turmeric additives fed groups. While MDA concentration was statistically (linearly, P= 0.022) reduced in comparison with the control group. It could be concluded that garlic or turmeric supplementation (2, 4 and 6 g/kg) did not linearly and quadratically affect growth performance but improved the immunity responses and lowered the lipid profile in blood and lipid peroxidation in liver and increased hepatic antioxidant activity in treated rabbits.

Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Manganese, Chromium and Cobalt on Semen Qualities in Sahiwal Bulls

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anupama Tarun ◽  
Veena Mani ◽  
Mukesh Bhakat ◽  
Tushar Kumar Mohanty ◽  
Goutam Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Osmotic Swelling ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Semen Volume ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Manganese Chromium

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplemental manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr) and cobalt (Co) on semen qualities in Sahiwal bulls. Twelve Sahiwal bulls divided into three groups T1, T2 and T3 based on their similar semen volume and concentration and were fed with 0, 1.5 and 2.0 times higher Mn, Cr and Co over and above the basal diet (ICAR, 2013) in T1, T2 and T3, respectively, for a period of 120 days. Semen was collected in all the groups twice a week and evaluated for quantitative and qualitative attributes. It was found that additional supplementation of Mn, Cr and Co had no influence on body weight gain, intake and digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF)]. Seminal mass motility, initial progressive motility, live spermatozoa, normal spermatozoa, intact acrosome and hypo-osmotic swelling test (HOST) positive sperm count was higher (P less than 0.05) in T3 group in comparison to T1 and T2 groups of fresh as well as frozen semen. Blood superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was higher (P greator than 0.05) in both T2 and T3 than T1. A reduction (P less than 0.05) in lipid peroxidation activity (LPO) in fresh and frozen semen in T3 group was observed. It may be concluded that dietary supplementation of Mn @ 30 ppm, Co @ 0.22 ppm and Cr @ 2 ppm, respectively per day per Sahiwal bull can improve the qualitative and quantitative attributes of semen.

Effect of dietary supplementation of herbal growth promoteron performance of commercial broiler chicken

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Mahanta ◽  
B. Borgohain ◽  
Mihir Sharma ◽  
D. Sapcota ◽  
Jakir Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
Similar Body

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a Commercial Herbal Growth Promoter (CHGP) with a combination of selective nine numbers of herbs on the performance of broiler chicken. A total of 120 day-old commercial broiler chicks having similar body weight from a single hatch were procured and chicks were randomly distributed into four groups viz, T0 (standard basal diet as control), T1 (basal diet + 1.0 % CHGP powder), T2 (basal diet + 2.0 % CHGP powder) and T3 (basal diet + 3.0 % CHGP powder) comprising 30 chicks in each groups. All the birds were managed under uniform managemental condition. The final body weight was significantly (P£0.01) highest in T2 (2059.83 g) followed by T3 (1956.67 g), T0 (1845.33 g) and T1 (1825.17 g). In respect of overall Feed Conversion Ratios (FCR), T2 group showed significantly (P£0.05) best FCR value of 1.69 followed by T3 (1.77), T0 (1.85) and T1 (1.87). The study revealed that there was increased body weight, improved FCR, higher BPEI, cent per cent livability and increased gross profit per broiler in birds offered 2% CHGP powder as herbal growth promoter.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary supplementation with essential oils and a Bacillus probiotic on growth performance, diarrhoea and blood metabolites in weaned pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 64 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. F. Tan ◽  
T. Lim ◽  
W. Boontiam
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Blood Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Urea Nitrogen

Context Dietary supplementation of essential oils or in combination with a Bacillus probiotic was investigated as an antibiotic growth promoter for weaned pigs. Aims To evaluate the effect of essential oils (i.e. thymol and carvacrol mixture) or in combination with a probiotic strain (i.e. Bacillus subtilis PB6) on the growth performance, diarrhoea incidence, ammonia emission and serological profiles of weaned pigs. Methods A total of 96 crossbred ([Yorkshire × Landrace] × Duroc) weaned pigs were randomly allotted to one of six treatments based on sex and initial bodyweight. Each group was distributed into four replicates with four pigs each according to a randomised complete block design. The treatments were: (i) positive control, basal diet supplemented with colistin 150 g/tonne and amoxicillin 200 g/tonne; (ii) negative control, basal diet without supplementation; (iii) T3, basal diet supplemented with essential oils 300 g/tonne; (iv) T4, basal diet supplemented with essential oils 600 g/tonne; (v) T5, basal diet supplemented with essential oils 1000 g/tonne; and (vi) T6, basal diet supplemented with essential oils 300 g/tonne diet and Bacillus probiotics 1000 g/tonne. Key results The piglets fed with supplements had a significantly higher average daily gain and lower incidence of diarrhoea than the piglets in the negative control (P = 0.001). Feeding the essential oils alone or in combination with probiotics significantly reduced faecal ammonia emission (P = 0.027) and blood urea nitrogen (P = 0.039), while markedly increasing the serum immunoglobulin G concentration of weaned pigs compared with the negative control treatment (P = 0.014). The difference in time of blood collection had significant effects on blood urea nitrogen and immunoglobulins (P = 0.001). However, no significant differences emerged in average daily feed intake, gain: feed ratio, feed efficiency and antibody against swine fever among the treatments. Conclusions Diet supplementation with essential oils or in combination with probiotics improved growth performance and immunity, and lowered ammonia emissions and diarrhoea incidence of weaned pigs. Implications These findings provide a basis for the application of phytogenic compounds and probiotics as antibiotic growth promoter alternatives in post-weaning diets for pigs.

scholarly journals The Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Intestinal Protective Effects of Baicalin-Copper in Deoxynivalenol-Challenged Piglets

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andong Zha ◽  
Daixiu Yuan ◽  
Zhijuan Cui ◽  
Ming Qi ◽  
Simeng Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Growth Impairment

The present study was performed to evaluate the antioxidant and intestinal protective effects of baicalin-copper on deoxynivalenol-challenged piglets. Forty weaned piglets were randomly divided into four groups and assigned to different diets: (1) basal diet (Con), (2) 4 mg/kg deoxynivalenol of basal diet (DON), (3) 5 g/kg baicalin-copper of basal diet (BCU); and (4) 4 mg/kg deoxynivalenol+5 g/kg baicalin‐copper of basal diet (DBCU). The results showed that the ADFI and ADG of piglets in the DON group were markedly lower than those in the Con group, but the ADFI and ADG of the DBCU group were not significantly different from those of the Con group. In piglets fed a DON-contaminated diet, dietary supplementation with BCU significantly decreased the mRNA levels of P70S6K, 4E-BP1, and HSP70 in the liver, the protein expression of HO-1 in the jejunum, and the expression of p-Nrf2 and p-NF-κB in the ileum but increased Mn-SOD activity in serum. Dietary supplementation with BCU increased jejunal maltase, ZIP4 and MT mRNA levels, and serum concentrations of Arg, Val, Ile, Leu, Lys, and Tyr in DON-contaminated piglets. In summary, BCU can alleviate the growth impairment induced by DON and enhance antioxidant capacity and nutrition absorption in piglets fed DON-contaminated diets.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF GARLIC AND GINGER IN DIFFERENT COMBINATION ON FEED INTAKE AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE IN COMMERCIAL BROILERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-98
Author(s):  
Saroj Regmi ◽  
Ishwar Chandra Prakash Tiwari ◽  
Naba Raj Devkota ◽  
Ramashish Sah ◽  
Ritesh Kumar Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Garlic Powder ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

A study was conducted at AFU livestock farm, Rampur, Chitwan in 2017-18 to determine the effect of dietary supplementation of garlic and ginger in different combination on feed intake, growth performance and economics by using commercial Cobb 500 broilers. A total of two hundred, 11-day-old chicks were allocated randomly to five different treatments. The experiment was designed in a Completely Randomized Design, each treatment with four replication and each replication had 10 birds. They were fed isoproteinous and isocaloric Basal diet (BD) and BD supplemented with four different levels of garlic and ginger such as T1 (BD only), T2 (BD + 1% garlic); T3 (BD + 1.0% ginger); T4 (BD + 0.5% garlic and 0.5% ginger) and T5 (BD + 1% garlic and 1% ginger). Weekly average body weight, weight gain, feed consumption, and feed efficiency were recorded up to sixth week of age. All data were statistical analyzed using Completely Randomized Design. The results showed that overall feed consumption was significantly (P≤0.05) higher for broiler fed diet supplemented with 0.5% garlic and 0.5% ginger (T4) followed by T5 (basal diet with 1% garlic and 1% ginger). On the other hand significantly higher (P≤0.01) cumulative weekly live body weight and body weight gain (g/bird) was found for the treatment with supplemented 1% garlic powder (T2), followed by broiler fed diet supplemented with 0.5% garlic and 0.5% ginger powder (T4). Similarly, feed conversion ratio was significantly (P≤0.01) better in broiler fed basal diet with supplementation of 1% garlic (T2) followed by basal diet with supplementation of 0.5% garlic and 0.5% ginger (T4). The maximum benefit was obtained from the broiler fed basal diet with supplementation of 1% garlic (T2). The findings revealed that broiler fed basal diet with supplementation of 1% garlic powder had helped as a growth promoter contributing to the better growth performance, feed efficiency and higher benefit: cost ratio. Thus, addition of 1% garlic powder can be safely recommended as a growth promoter in broilers.

scholarly journals 387 Effect of trace minerals (25-hydroxycholecalciferol, Zinc and Manganese) supplementation on the immune responses of livestock

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 169-169
Author(s):  
Ramesh K Selvaraj
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Trace Minerals ◽  
Manganese Sulfate ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
25 Hydroxycholecalciferol

Abstract Micronutrients such as 25-hydroxycholecalciferol, zinc and manganese are included in livestock feed to achieve optimal growth and improved immune function. Vitamin D (cholecalciferol) modulates immune responses. The effect of Vitamin D on immune cells depends on the subtype of immune cells. Monocytes and macrophages constitutively express Vitamin D receptor and hence 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol increases maturation and the microbicidal activity of macrophages by increasing the production of nitric oxide, antimicrobial proteins and inflammatory cytokines and eventually acts to stimulate the innate immune system. On the other hand, 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol suppresses the action of adaptive immune responses by inducing T regulatory cells and increasing the production of IL-10. Superoxide dismutases (SOD) catalyzes conversion of superoxide radicals to oxygen and hydrogen peroxide and is considered a major antioxidant defense system in livestock. SOD is a metalloenzyme with zinc, copper, and manganese as a cofactor. Though trace minerals have traditionally been supplemented in animal diets as inorganic salts such as zinc sulfate and manganese sulfate, other forms of trace minerals have recently been promoted owing to better stability, bioavailability and absorption. Feeding layer diets marginally deficient in zinc and manganese as sulfates decreased the SOD activity, spleen, IL-1 and cathelicidin relative mRNA levels and supplementing zinc and manganese as hydroxychloride (OHCl) reversed the decrease in SOD activity, spleen IL-1 and cathelicidin relative mRNA levels. Feeding broiler diets low in zinc and manganese as sulfates decreased SOD activity, while supplementing the feed with ZnOHCl reversed the decrease in SOD. Increasing the MnOHCl in birds fed higher amounts of ZnOHCl further increased the SOD activity suggesting synergistic effects between ZnOHCl and MnOHCl on SOD activity and IL-1 production. In conclusion, micronutrients act to modify the immune response in livestock, and the form of micronutrients fed can increase the bioavailability of the micronutrients to improve the immune response.

scholarly journals Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Oxidative Status by β-Carotene in Late Pregnant Sows

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xupeng Yuan ◽  
Jiahao Yan ◽  
Ruizhi Hu ◽  
Yanli Li ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Β Carotene

Recent evidences suggest that gut microbiota plays an important role in regulating physiological and metabolic activities of pregnant sows, and β-carotene has a potentially positive effect on reproduction, but the impact of β-carotene on gut microbiota in pregnant sows remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the effect and mechanisms of β-carotene on the reproductive performance of sows from the aspect of gut microbiota. A total of 48 hybrid pregnant sows (Landrace × Yorkshire) with similar parity were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 16) and fed with a basal diet or a diet containing 30 or 90 mg/kg of β-carotene from day 90 of gestation until parturition. Dietary supplementation of 30 or 90 mg/kg β-carotene increased the number of live birth to 11.82 ± 1.54 and 12.29 ± 2.09, respectively, while the control group was 11.00 ± 1.41 (P = 0.201). Moreover, β-carotene increased significantly the serum nitric oxide (NO) level and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity (P &lt; 0.05). Characterization of fecal microbiota revealed that 90 mg/kg β-carotene increased the diversity of the gut flora (P &lt; 0.05). In particular, β-carotene decreased the relative abundance of Firmicutes including Lachnospiraceae AC2044 group, Lachnospiraceae NK4B4 group and Ruminococcaceae UCG-008, but enriched Proteobacteria including Bilophila and Sutterella, and Actinobacteria including Corynebacterium and Corynebacterium 1 which are related to NO synthesis. These data demonstrated that dietary supplementation of β-carotene may increase antioxidant enzyme activity and NO, an important vasodilator to promote the neonatal blood circulation, through regulating gut microbiota in sows.

scholarly journals PSVI-3 Dietary supplementation with coated omega-3 fatty acids has positive effects on growth performance and nutrients digestibility in weaned pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 196-197
Author(s):  
Woo Jung Seok ◽  
Je min Ahn ◽  
Jing Hu ◽  
Dexin Dang ◽  
Yanjiao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Weaning Pigs

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of coated omega-3 fatty acid (n-3 CFA) by corn cob power silica on performance of weaning pigs. A total of 200 weaned pigs [(Landrace x Yorkshire) x Duroc, average initial body weight at 6.97 ± 1.22 kg] were randomly assigned to four experimental treatments in a 6-week experiment in 3 phases as follows: CON, basal diet; 2) 0.3CFA, CON + phase 1(0.3% n-3CFA), phase 2(0.2% n-3CFA), phase 3(0.1% n-3CFA); 3) 0.6CFA, CON + phase 1(0.6% n-3CFA), phase 2(0.4% n-3CFA), phase 3(0.2% n-3CFA); 4) 0.9CFA, CON + phase 1(0.9% n-3CFA), phase 2(0.6% n-3CFA), phase 3 (0.3% n-3CFA). Each treatment had 10 replicates with 5 pigs (three gilts and two barrows) per replicate. The data were analyzed using the GLM procedure of SAS as a randomized complete block design. Pen served as the experimental unit. Linear, quadratic and cubic polynomial contrasts were used to examine effect of dietary treatment with coated n-3FA in the basal diet. Variability in the data was expressed as the standard error of means and P&lt; 0.05 was considered to statistically significant. Increasing the level of n-3CFA in the diet linearly increased ADG and G/F of pigs (Table 1). Increasing the level of n-3CFA showed a linear increment in the digestibility of DM (83.59, 84.38, 85.13, 85.89 %) whereas nitrogen digestibility (81.79, 82.38, 82.96, 83.64 %) showed a trend (linear effect, p=0.0594) at the end of experiment. The fecal lactobacillus count was increased (7.22, 7.27, 7.33, 7.35 log10cfu/g) with the increase in the supplemental level of n-3CFA (linear effect; p&lt; 0.05). However, there were no differences in the concentration of serum haptoglobin, or fecal E. coli, Clostridium and Salmonella counts despite the increase in n-3CFA levels in the diet. Supplementation of the diet with coated n-3 fatty acids positively affected growth performance and digestibility of dry matter and nitrogen, and enhanced the count of lactobacillus in weaning pigs.

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