scholarly journals Phagocytosis of Astaxanthin-Loaded Microparticles Modulates TGFβ Production and Intracellular ROS Levels in J774A.1 Macrophages

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Eleonora Binatti ◽  
Gianni Zoccatelli ◽  
Francesca Zanoni ◽  
Giulia Donà ◽  
Federica Mainente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Tissue Cell ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Radiation Induced

Radiation-induced fibrosis is a serious long-lasting side effect of radiation therapy. Central to this condition is the role of macrophages that, activated by radiation-induced reactive oxygen species and tissue cell damage, produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ). This, in turn, recruits fibroblasts at the site of the lesion that initiates fibrosis. We investigated whether astaxanthin, an antioxidant molecule extracted from marine and freshwater organisms, could help control macrophage activation. To this purpose, we encapsulated food-grade astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis into micrometer-sized whey protein particles to specifically target macrophages that can uptake material within this size range by phagocytosis. The data show that astaxanthin-loaded microparticles are resistant to radiation, are well-tolerated by J774A.1 macrophages, induce in these cells a significant reduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species and inhibit the release of active TGFβ as evaluated in a bioassay with transformed MFB-F11 fibroblasts. Micro-encapsulation of bioactive molecules is a promising strategy to specifically target phagocytic cells and modulate their own functions.

Radiation-induced red cell damage: role of reactive oxygen species

Transfusion ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
AJ Anand ◽  
WH Dzik ◽  
A Imam ◽  
SM Sadrzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Radiation Induced

scholarly journals Transforming growth factor beta mediates hepatocyte apoptosis through Smad3 generation of reactive oxygen species

Biochimie ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 89 (12) ◽  
pp. 1464-1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalliah Black ◽  
Suzanne Lyman ◽  
Ting Qian ◽  
John J. Lemasters ◽  
Richard A. Rippe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Hepatocyte Apoptosis ◽  
Growth Factor Beta

scholarly journals Fibroblast-to-myofibroblast switch is mediated by NAD(P)H oxidase generated reactive oxygen species

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lirija Alili ◽  
Maren Sack ◽  
Katharina Puschmann ◽  
Peter Brenneisen
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Oxidase Activity ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Tumour Progression ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin

Tumour–stroma interaction is a prerequisite for tumour progression in skin cancer. Hereby, a critical step in stromal function is the transition of tumour-associated fibroblasts to MFs (myofibroblasts) by growth factors, for example TGFβ (transforming growth factor beta(). In this study, the question was addressed of whether fibroblast-associated NAD(P)H oxidase (NADH/NADPH oxidase), known to be activated by TGFβ1, is involved in the fibroblast-to-MF switch. The up-regulation of αSMA (alpha smooth muscle actin), a biomarker for MFs, is mediated by a TGFβ1-dependent increase in the intracellular level of ROS (reactive oxygen species). This report demonstrates two novel aspects of the TGFβ1 signalling cascade, namely the generation of ROS due to a biphasic NAD(P)H oxidase activity and a ROS-dependent downstream activation of p38 leading to a transition of dermal fibroblasts to MFs that can be inhibited by the selective NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor apocynin. These data suggest that inhibition of NAD(P)H oxidase activity prevents the fibroblast-to-MF switch and may be important for chemoprevention in context of a ‘stromal therapy’ which was described earlier.

Flavonoids, the Family of Plant-derived Antioxidants making inroads into Novel Therapeutic Design against IR-induced Oxidative Stress in Parkinson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapan Behl ◽  
Gagandeep Kaur ◽  
Aayush Sehgal ◽  
Gokhan Zengin ◽  
Sukhbir Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Novel Therapeutic

Background: Ionizing radiation from telluric sources is unceasingly an unprotected pitfall to humans. Thus, the foremost contributors to human exposure are global and medical radiations. Various pieces of evidences assembled during preceding years reveal the pertinent role of ionizing radiation-induced oxidative stress in the progression of neurodegenerative insults such as Parkinson’s disease, which have been contributing to increased proliferation and generation of reactive oxygen species. Objective: This review delineates the role of ionizing radiation-induced oxidative stress in Parkinson’s disease and proposes novel therapeutic interventions of flavonoid family offering effective management and slowing down the progression of Parkinson’s disease. Method: Published papers were searched via MEDLINE, PubMed, etc. published to date for in-depth database collection. Results: The potential of oxidative damage may harm the non-targeted cells. It can also modulate the functions of central nervous system, such as protein misfolding, mitochondria dysfunction, increased levels of oxidized lipids, and dopaminergic cell death, which accelerates the progression of Parkinson’s disease at the molecular, cellular, or tissue levels. In Parkinson’s disease, reactive oxygen species exacerbate the production of nitric oxides and superoxides by activated microglia, rendering death of dopaminergic neuronal cell through different mechanisms. Conclusion: Rising interest has extensively engrossed on the clinical trial designs based on the plant derived family of antioxidants. They are known to exert multifarious impact either way in neuroprotection via directly suppressing ionizing radiation-induced oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species production or indirectly increasing the dopamine levels and activating the glial cells.

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