scholarly journals Bromoperoxidase Producing Bacillus spp. Isolated from the Hypobranchial Glands of A Muricid Mollusc Are Capable of Tyrian Purple Precursor Biogenesis

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 264
Author(s):  
Ajit Kumar Ngangbam ◽  
Peter Mouatt ◽  
Joshua Smith ◽  
Daniel L. E. Waters ◽  
Kirsten Benkendorff
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Bacterial Symbionts ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Marine Agar ◽  
Tyrian Purple ◽  
Historical Importance ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Vibrio Spp

The secondary metabolite Tyrian purple, also known as shellfish purple and royal purple, is a dye with historical importance for humans. The biosynthetic origin of Tyrian purple in Muricidae molluscs is not currently known. A possible role for symbiotic bacteria in the production of tyrindoxyl sulphate, the precursor to Tyrian purple stored in the Australian species, Dicathais orbita, has been proposed. This study aimed to culture bacterial symbionts from the purple producing hypobranchial gland, and screen the isolates for bromoperoxidase genes using molecular methods. The ability of bromoperoxidase positive isolates to produce the brominated indole precursor to Tyrian purple was then established by extraction of the culture, and analysis by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). In total, 32 bacterial isolates were cultured from D. orbita hypobranchial glands, using marine agar, marine agar with hypobranchial gland aqueous extracts, blood agar, thiosulphate citrate bile salts sucrose agar, and cetrimide agar at pH 7.2. These included 26 Vibrio spp., two Bacillus spp., one Phaeobacter sp., one Shewanella sp., one Halobacillus sp. and one Pseudoalteromonas sp. The two Bacillus species were the only isolates found to have coding sequences for bromoperoxidase enzymes. LC–MS analysis of the supernatant and cell pellets from the bromoperoxidase producing Bacillus spp. cultured in tryptone broth, supplemented with KBr, confirmed their ability to produce the brominated precursor to Tyrian purple, tyrindoxyl sulphate. This study supports a potential role for symbiotic Bacillus spp. in the biosynthesis of Tyrian purple.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Effects of Potential Probiotics of Bacillus spp. Isolated from Human Microbiota: In Vitro and In Silico Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1615
Author(s):  
Alfonso Torres-Sánchez ◽  
Jesús Pardo-Cacho ◽  
Ana López-Moreno ◽  
Ángel Ruiz-Moreno ◽  
Klara Cerk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Contaminant Exposure ◽  
Antimicrobial Effects ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
In Silico Methods

The variable taxa components of human gut microbiota seem to have an enormous biotechnological potential that is not yet well explored. To investigate the usefulness and applications of its biocompounds and/or bioactive substances would have a dual impact, allowing us to better understand the ecology of these microbiota consortia and to obtain resources for extended uses. Our research team has obtained a catalogue of isolated and typified strains from microbiota showing resistance to dietary contaminants and obesogens. Special attention was paid to cultivable Bacillus species as potential next-generation probiotics (NGP) together with their antimicrobial production and ecological impacts. The objective of the present work focused on bioinformatic genome data mining and phenotypic analyses for antimicrobial production. In silico methods were applied over the phylogenetically closest type strain genomes of the microbiota Bacillus spp. isolates and standardized antimicrobial production procedures were used. The main results showed partial and complete gene identification and presence of polyketide (PK) clusters on the whole genome sequences (WGS) analysed. Moreover, specific antimicrobial effects against B. cereus, B. circulans, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Salmonella spp. confirmed their capacity of antimicrobial production. In conclusion, Bacillus strains isolated from human gut microbiota and taxonomic group, resistant to Bisphenols as xenobiotics type endocrine disruptors, showed parallel PKS biosynthesis and a phenotypic antimicrobial effect. This could modulate the composition of human gut microbiota and therefore its functionalities, becoming a predominant group when high contaminant exposure conditions are present.

Three Clusters of Bacillus Pseudobacteremia Related to a Radiometric Blood Culture Analyzer

1984 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inge Gurevich ◽  
Patricia Tafuro ◽  
Sharon P. Krystofiak ◽  
Robert D. Kalter ◽  
Burke A. Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Multiple Blood ◽  
Bacillus Spores

AbstractDuring a ten-month period from September 1981 to July 1982 three episodes of pseudobacteremia due to Bacillus species occurred at this 550-bed institution. The first involved eight isolates, the second 11, and the third seven isolates of the organism, all with the same antibiogram.The patients involved did not exhibit clinical signs of septicemia, and in only one case was more than one specimen per patient positive when multiple blood samples were obtained. Occasional blood cultures of Bacillus species identified in between clusters revealed a different antibiogram.Extensive epidemiologic investigation of patient locations, phlebotomists, and time of cultures yielded no common source. Components involved in the transport and processing of blood cultures, including the radiometric blood culture processor, were also sampled but without recovery of the organism. After the last episode, a layer of dust was noted inside the machine, and culture of this dust grew Bacillus spp. with the same antibiogram as those found in the blood cultures. The filter from an air conditioning unit in close proximity to the machine grew several species of Bacillus.It is presumed that Bacillus spores in the dust were introduced into the blood culture bottles following the heat sterilization of the gas sampling (inoculation/removal) needles.Modification of the cover of the machine was undertaken to prevent access of dust bearing microbes to the inside of the machine. In addition, maintenance now includes regular disinfection/cleaning of the “floor” of the machine, and more frequent changes of the air conditioner filter.

The ability of rhizosphere bacteria isolated from nematode host and non-host plants to influence the hatch in vitro of the two potato cyst nematode species, Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida

Nematology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Aileen Ryan ◽  
Peter Jones
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Potato Cyst Nematode ◽  
Globodera Pallida ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacillus Spp

AbstractSeventy bacteria, isolated from the rhizosphere of the potato cyst nematode (PCN) host plant, potato, were cultured in the presence and absence of potato root leachate (PRL) and the resultant culture filtrates were analysed for their ability to affect the hatch in vitro of the two PCN species. Of the isolates tested, nine had a significant effect on PCN hatch. Six affected Globodera pallida hatch and three affected G. rostochiensis hatch. Five of the isolates significantly increased hatch only when cultured in the presence of PRL. Three of the isolates decreased PCN hatch significantly in PRL. Only one isolate increased hatch significantly in the absence of PRL. No isolate affected the hatch of both species. Six of the nine isolates that significantly affected PCN hatch had been pre-selected by culturing on PRL. Bacterial isolates from PCN non-hosts (14 from wheat, 17 from sugar beet) were also tested for hatching activity. The principal effect of the hatch-active isolates from the PCN non-host plants was to increase PCN hatch in the presence of PRL. In contrast to the host bacteria results, the isolates from non-host plants affected only G. rostochiensis hatch (three wheat isolates and four sugar beet isolates significantly increased G. rostochiensis hatch); no such isolate affected G. pallida hatch significantly in the presence of PRL. Ten isolates (32%) from non-host plants had the ability to increase significantly the hatch of PCN in the absence of PRL (eight of these affected G. rostochiensis hatch and four affected G. pallida hatch), compared to only one bacterial isolate (1%) from a host plant. The majority of the isolates from non-hosts produced PCN species-specific effects, as with the bacteria isolated from potatoes, although two wheat isolates increased the hatch of both species significantly in the absence of PRL. Of 20 hatch-active bacterial isolates (from all three plants) identified, 70% were Bacillus spp. Other genera identified were Arthrobacter , Acinetobacter and Staphylococcus .

scholarly journals The use of Principle Component Analysis and MALDI-TOF MS for the differentiation of mineral forming Virgibacillus and Bacillus species isolated from Sabkhas

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rim Abdel Samad ◽  
Zulfa Al Disi ◽  
Mohammad Ashfaq ◽  
Nabil Zouari
Keyword(s):  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Protein Profiling ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Pca Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Protein Biomarkers ◽  
Maldi Tof Ms ◽  
Maldi Tof ◽  
Tof Ms

Occurrence of mineral forming and other bacteria in mats is well demonstrated. However, their high diversity shown by ribotyping was not explained, although it could explain the diversity of formed minerals. Common biomarkers as well as phylogenic relationships are useful tools to clustering the isolates and predict their potential role in the natural niche. In this study, combination of MALDI-TOF MS with PCA was shown a powerful tool to categorize 35 mineral forming bacterial strains isolated from Dohat Fshaikh sabkha, at northwest of Qatar (23 from decaying mats and 12 from living ones). 23 strains from decaying mats belong to Virgibacillus genus as identified by ribotyping and are shown highly involved in formation of protodolomite and a diversity of minerals. They were used as internal references in categorization of sabkha bacteria. Combination of isolation of bacteria on selective mineral forming media, their MALDI TOF MS protein profiling and PCA analysis established their relationship in a phyloproteomic based on protein biomarkers including m/z 4905, 3265, 5240, 6430, 7765, and 9815. PCA analysis clustered the studied strains into 3 major clusters, showing strong correspondence to the 3 phyloproteiomic groups that were established by the dendrogram. Both clustering analysis means have evidently demonstrated a relationship between known Virgibacillus strains and other related bacteria based on profiling of their synthesized proteins. Thus, larger populations of bacteria in mats can be easily screened for their potential to exhibit certain activities, which is of ecological, environmental and biotechnological significance.

scholarly journals Mutagenic Effect of Crucifers Lepidium sativum and Eruca sativa in Comparison to Carrot Daucus carota

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-333
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Mutagenic Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Eruca Sativa ◽  
Survival Fraction ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Resistant Mutants ◽  
Different Levels

The mutagenic effect of some crucifers widely consumed Lepiduim sativum (Garden cress) and Arugula (Eruca sativa) was studied in comparison to carrot (Daucus carota), using bacterial mutagenic system composed of three bacterial isolates; (Bacillus spp)G3 (Arthrobacter spp)G12, and (Brevibacterium spp)G27 ,. Treatment of isolates with plant extracts led to reduction in survival fraction (Sx)at different levels except that Aurgula extract did not show any inhibitory effect in isolates G12 and G27. Crucifers extracts induced streptomycin resistant mutants in G12 at higher level than G3 , but not in G27. No resistance to rifimpacin was detected in all isolates.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Tolerance Bacillus spp Isolated From Crude Oil Polluted Soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muibat Fashola
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Metal Tolerance ◽  
Heavy Metal Tolerance ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Bacillus Spp

Introduction: Indiscriminate dumping of spent oils enriched with heavy metals has led to increase in heavy metals load in the soil. Heavy metals exert toxic effects on biodegradation of organic pollutant in cocontaminated soil and there is need to find suitable strategies for their removal. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the heavy metals resistance capability of indigenous Bacillus species in hydrocarbon polluted soil to nickel (Ni), Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb) and Chromium (Cr). Materials and Methods: Heavy metal tolerant bacteria were isolated from hydrocarbon polluted soil using Luria-Berthani agar supplemented with the respective metals and spread plate techniques. The isolates were putatively identified on the basis of their colonial morphology and biochemical characteristics and their antibiotics susceptibility pattern were evaluated using disc diffusion method. Results: The maximum tolerable concentration (MTC) of the four heavy metals to the selected isolates was 2 mM. Four bacteria isolates able to withstand the MTC were putatively identified as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus laterosporus and Bacillus polymyxa. Out of the four Bacillus species, only B. laterosporus did not show multiple tolerance to the tested antibiotics which show that there is correlation between heavy metal tolerance and antibiotics resistance by the isolates. Conclusion: Multiple heavy metal tolerance Bacillus spp. were isolated from crude oil polluted soil. These bacteria could be suitable agents for bioaugmentation of hydrocarbon polluted soil co-contaminated with heavy metals.

Characteristics and Identification of Pasteurella and Vibrio Species Pathogenic to Fishes using API-20E (Analytab Products) Multitube Test Strips

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 1725-1729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L. Kent
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Anguillarum ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Blood Agar ◽  
Marine Agar ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
Test Strips ◽  
Fish Pathology ◽  
Fish Bacteria ◽  
Vibrio Spp

Morphological, cultural, and biochemical characteristics of Pasteurella spp. and Vibrio spp. pathogenic to fishes are investigated. Vibrio anguillarum, V. ordalii, V. alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus, an unidentified Vibrio sp. (AN1K), Pasteurella piscicida, and P. multocida were cultured on API-20E multitube test strips (Analytab Products) and in Baumann's marine media with similar results. The API-20E Profile Index was not useful for classification of fish bacteria studied and, using the index. Vibrio sp. AN1K was misidentified as P. multocida. Bacteria studied were also grown on Marine Agar (Difco) and on blood agar at 25 and 37 °C. On blood agar at 37 °C some vibrios resembled pasteurellas as a result of pleomorphism and lack of motility. Simple diagnostic procedures for identifying Pasteurella spp. and Vibrio spp. associated with fishes using the API-20E with modifications are presented.Key words: Pasteurella, Vibrio, characteristics, Analytical Profile Index, fish pathology

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of indigenous Bacillus spp. isolated from soil

2017 ◽  
pp. 261-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragana Bjelic ◽  
Maja Ignjatov ◽  
Jelena Marinkovic ◽  
Nemanja Spremo ◽  
Maja Karaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Bacillus Spp

Biocontrol using plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) represents an alternative approach to disease management, since PGPR are known to promote growth and reduce diseases in various crops. Among the different PGPR, members of the genus Bacillus are prefered for most biotechnological uses due to their capability to form extremely resistant spores and produce a wide variety of metabolites with antimicrobial activity. The objective of this research was to identify antagonistic bacteria for management of the plant diseases. Eleven isolates of Bacillus spp. were obtained from the soil samples collected from different localities in the Province of Vojvodina. The antifungal activity of bacterial isolates against five fungal species was examined using a dual plate assay. Bacillus isolates exhibited the highest antifungal activity against Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae and Alternaria padwickii, while they had the least antagonistic effect on Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium graminearum. Molecular identification showed that effective bacterial isolates were identified as Bacillus safensis (B2), Bacillus pumilus (B3, B11), Bacillus subtilis (B5, B7) and Bacillus megaterium (B8, B9). The highest antagonistic activity was exhibited by isolates B5 (from 39% to 62% reduction in fungal growth) and B7 (from 40% to 71% reduction in fungal growth). These isolates of B. subtilis could be used as potential biocontrol agents of plant diseases.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Honey on Some Bacterial Isolates from Selected Brands of Sachet Water Sold within Port Harcourt, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
V. N. Agi ◽  
C. P. Aleru ◽  
C. A. Azike ◽  
O. A. Ollor ◽  
D. U. Alonyenu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
Sachet Water

Background: The present study was carried out to assess the antimicrobial effect of honey on bacterial isolates from sachet water sold within Eligbolo Community in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Methodology: Five brands of sachet water commonly consumed by the people living in Eligbolo Community of Port Harcourt, Nigeria were purchased from different Vendors in the community. Nutrient and MacConkey agar plates were used for culturing of water samples using spread plate method. Ten-fold serial dilution and Most Probable Number (MPN) were among the methods used and the samples analyzed were according to standard procedures. Natural honey purchased from Ogbokolo in Benue State, Nigeria was used for susceptibility testing. Quality control, ant inhibition and water test methods were performed using the honey to confirm its originality before use. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing was done using the agar well diffusion method. Results: Results obtained showed the bacterial isolated from the 5 sachet brands of water. These include Bacillus species 5 (62.5%), Enterococcus faecalis 1 (12.5%), Staphylococcus epidermidis 1 (12.5%), and Escherichia coli 1 (12.5%). All of the 5 sachet water samples analyzed failed to meet the WHO drinking water standard of zero coliform per 100 ml making them unsuitable for human consumption. Faecal coliform was isolated from sample C indicating faecal contamination of the drinking water. The sensitivity of the isolates to the honey sample showed higher zone of inhibition compared to the standard antibiotic used as control. Staphylococcus epidermidis showed the highest zone of inhibition (39 mm), followed by Escherichia coli (37 mm), Bacillus species (35 mm) and Enterococcus faecalis (32 mm) respectively. Conclusion: The results revealed that honey has a broad antimicrobial spectrum against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and could provide alternative agent to overcome the problem of increasingly bacteria resistance to synthetic antimicrobial agents. It is therefore, recommended that further work should be encouraged for the extraction of the crude components of honey and their use for antibiotic production.

scholarly journals Bacterial Community and Anti-Cerebrovascular Disease-Related Bacillus Species Isolated from Traditionally Made Kochujang from Different Provinces of Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2238
Author(s):  
Gwangsu Ha ◽  
Hee-Jong Yang ◽  
Myeong-Seon Ryu ◽  
Su-Ji Jeong ◽  
Do-Youn Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Ace Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Lipopolysaccharide Biosynthesis ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Ace Inhibitory

Traditionally made Kochujang (TMK) is a long-term fermented soybean and rice mixture with red pepper and salts. The ambient bacteria in rice straw and nutrient components of Kochujang influence the bacteria community. We aimed to investigate the bacterial composition and quality of TMK from different provinces of Korea: Chungcheung (CC), Jeolla (JL), Kyungsang (KS), and GeongGee plus Kangwon (GK) provinces, and Jeju island (JJ). Furthermore, Bacillus spp. isolated from TMK were studied to have anti-cerebrovascular disease activity and probiotic properties. Seventy-three TMK samples from different regions were collected to assess the biogenic amine contents, bacteria composition using next-generation methods, and bacterial functions using Picrust2. Bacillus spp. was isolated from the collected TMK, and their antioxidant, fibrinolytic, and angiotensin I conversion enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities and probiotic properties were examined. KS TMK had lower sodium contents than the other TMK. There were no significant differences in histamine and tyramine contents among the TMK samples in different provinces. The predominant bacteria in TMK was Bacillus spp., but KS included much less Bacillus spp. and higher Enterococcus and Staphylococcus than the other TMK. Gene expression related to lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis was higher in KS TMK than the other TMK in Picrust2. The predominant Bacillus spp. isolated from TMK was B. subtilis and B. velezensis. B. subtilis SRCM117233, SRCM117245, and SRCM117253 had antioxidant activity, whereas B. subtilis had higher fibrinolytic activity than other Bacillus spp. Only B. velezensis SRCM117254, SRCM117311, SRCM117314, and SRCM117318 had over 10% ACE inhibitory activity. In conclusion, KS had less Bacillus related to lower sodium contents than the other TMK. The specific strains of B. subtilis and B. velezensis had antioxidant, fibrinolytic, and ACE inhibitory activity, and they can be used as a starter culture to produce better quality controlled Kochujang with anti-cerebrovascular disease activities.

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