scholarly journals Environmentally Friendly Valorization of Solieria filiformis (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) from IMTA Using a Biorefinery Concept

Marine Drugs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Peñuela ◽  
Daniel Robledo ◽  
Nathalie Bourgougnon ◽  
Gilles Bedoux ◽  
Emanuel Hernández-Núñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Marine Macroalgae ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Solieria Filiformis

Marine macroalgae (seaweed) are an excellent source of novel bioactive metabolites. The biorefinery concept applied to seaweed facilitates the extraction of many chemical constituents from the same biomass ensuring that the resource is used fully, generating few residues through a succession of extraction steps. In the present study, the biomass of the carragenophyte Solieria filiformis (Rhodophyta, Gigartinales) cultured in an integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) system was evaluated to obtain valuable products by a biorefinery approach. Enzymatic-assisted extraction (EAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) were the eco-friendly technologies used to ensure an environmentally friendly valorization of the biomass. Three valuable products were successfully recovered: a water-soluble extract rich in proteins and sulfated polysaccharides suitable as a food supplement; a lipid fraction rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) with potential to be used in the nutraceutical industry; and a pure ι-carrageenan with a powerful antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus (EC50 = 6.3 µg mL−1) comparable to the commercial antiviral acyclovir (EC50 = 3.2–5.4 µg mL−1).

HPLC analysis and activity to determine the effect of drying and extraction on Ficus benghalensis leaves

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Nithyakalyani K
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Chemical Constituent ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Critical Stage ◽  
Ficus Benghalensis ◽  
Assisted Extraction

Ficus benghalensis is one of those taboo plants in India, which was claimed to be possessed and have weird effects on human health. Apart from this ficus species has a great variety of chemical constituents and an abundant amount of antioxidants. Drying is the most critical stage of improving the activity or preventing the loss of chemical components from a drug. There is another stage of ensuring high chemical constituent content in the plant and that is the extraction procedure. So the point of focus in the current research is to find the effect of extraction method and drying on the anti-inflammatory potential of the plant. The result of the extraction method and drying method of the plant was investigated and found that the ultrasound-assisted extraction of the shade dried leaves was found to give the highest yield of flavonoids and activity.

Discovery of an Environmentally Friendly Water-Soluble Luminous Material with Interstitial Site Occupancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2717-2726
Author(s):  
Jinyu Wang ◽  
Tianchun Lang ◽  
Shuangqiang Fang ◽  
Tao Han ◽  
Mingsheng Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Site Occupancy ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Interstitial Site ◽  
Water Soluble

scholarly journals Microwave Assisted Extraction and Pressurized Liquid Extraction of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Fucus virsoides and Cystoseira barbata

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1481
Author(s):  
Ana Dobrinčić ◽  
Sandra Pedisić ◽  
Zoran Zorić ◽  
Mladenka Jurin ◽  
Marin Roje ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Pressurized Liquid Extraction ◽  
Sulfate Group ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Cystoseira Barbata

Sulfated polysaccharide fucoidan isolated from brown algae shows a wide range of biological activities that are significantly dependent on its chemical composition, which is closely related to the applied technique and extraction parameters. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of microwave assisted extraction (MAE) and pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) parameters (solvent, temperature, time, and number of cycles) on the Fucus virsoides and Cystoseira barbata polysaccharide yield (%PS) and chemical composition (total sugar, fucose, and sulfate group). The optimal MAE parameters that resulted in the highest polysaccharide extraction from F. virsoides and C. barbata were 0.1 M H2SO4 for 10 min at 80 °C, while the optimal PLE parameters were 0.1 M H2SO4, for two cycles of 15 min at 140 °C. Furthermore, the %PS, chemical structure, molecular properties, and antioxidant activity of the F. virsoides and C. barbata polysaccharide extracts obtained with MAE, PLE, and conventional extraction (CE) performed under previously determinate optimal conditions were compared. PLE resulted in a significantly higher %PS from F. virsoides, while for C. barbata, a similar yield was achieved with CE and PLE, as well as CE and MAE, for both algae. Furthermore, the polysaccharides obtained using PLE had the highest polydispersity index, fucose, and sulfate group content, and the lowest uronic acid content; however their antioxidant activity was lower.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characterization, Antioxidant and Immunostimulatory Activities of Sulfated Polysaccharides Extracted from Ascophyllum nodosum

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ligen Chen ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
Han Li ◽  
Wei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Physicochemical Characterization ◽  
Ascophyllum Nodosum ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Fast Flow

Polysaccharides from Ascophyllum nodosum (AnPS) were extracted and purified via an optimized protocol. The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: extraction time of 4.3 h, extraction temperature of 84 °C and ratio (v/w, mL/g) of extraction solvent (water) to raw material of 27. The resulting yield was 9.15 ± 0.23% of crude AnPS. Two fractions, named AnP1-1 and AnP2-1 with molecular weights of 165.92 KDa and 370.68 KDa, were separated from the crude AnPS by chromatography in DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-300, respectively. AnP1-1 was composed of mannose, ribose, glucuronic acid, glucose and fucose, and AnP2-1 was composed of mannose, glucuronic acid, galactose and fucose. AnPS, AnP1-1 and AnP2-1 exhibited high scavenging activities against ABTS radical and superoxide radical, and showed protective effect on H2O2-induced oxidative injury in RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, the immunostimulatory activities of AnP1-1 and AnP2-1 were evaluated by Caco-2 cells, the results showed both AnP1-1 and AnP2-1 could significantly promote the production of immune reactive molecules such as interleukin (IL)-8, IL-1β, interferon (IFN)-γ, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Therefore, the results suggest that AnPS and its two fractions may be explored as a potential functional food supplement.

A biochemical study of BAS 517 using excised corn and soybean root systems

Weed Science ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Hwei-Yiing Li ◽  
Chester L. Foy
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Biochemical Study ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Soybean Root ◽  
Corn Roots ◽  
Tracer Techniques ◽  
High Degree

The mode of action of BAS 517 in a susceptible plant species, corn, was investigated using an excised root system and14C-tracer techniques. The root system of a tolerant species, soybean, was used for comparison. When UL-14C- glucose was used as a precursor,14C incorporation into lipids was reduced in BAS 517-treated corn roots, although14C incorporation from UL-14C-glucose into lipids was relatively low. Inhibition of14C incorporation into water-soluble compounds was not definite because of a high degree of variability. Using14C-acetate as a precursor, 49, 43, and 34% of the recovered radioactivity was found in the lipid fractions of root tips treated with 0, 1.0, and 10 μM BAS 517, respectively. In nontreated soybean root tips, 47% of the recovered radioactivity was found in the lipid fraction compared to 49% in root tips treated with 10 μM BAS 517. Further analysis of lipids showed that BAS 517 inhibited the incorporation of14C from14C-acetate into phosphatidylethanolamine, a phospholipid, whereas the labeling of sterols in treated corn roots was not adversely affected. Acetyl CoA carboxylase extracted from root systems of corn and soybean showed different sensitivity to BAS 517, suggesting its role as the herbicide target site and as a basis for the selectivity.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Potential of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Padina boryana; Protective Effect against Oxidative Stress in In Vitro and In Vivo Zebrafish Model

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thilina U. Jayawardena ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
K. K. Asanka Sanjeewa ◽  
Sang In Kang ◽  
Jung-Suck Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Damage ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Internal Cell

Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage the internal cell components. Padina boryana, a brown alga from the Maldives, was subjected to polysaccharide extraction. The Celluclast enzyme assisted extract (PBE) and ethanol precipitation (PBP) of P. boryana were assessed against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced cell damage and zebra fish models. PBP which contains the majority of sulfated polysaccharides based on fucoidan, showed outstanding extracellular ROS scavenging potential against H2O2. PBP significantly declined the intracellular ROS levels, and exhibited protection against apoptosis. The study revealed PBPs’ ability to activate the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway, consequently initiating downstream elements such that catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Further, ROS levels, lipid peroxidation values in zebrafish studies were declined with the pre-treatment of PBP. Collectively, the results obtained in the study suggest the polysaccharides from P. boryana might be a potent source of water soluble natural antioxidants that could be sustainably utilized in the industrial applications.

scholarly journals Quantitative Evaluation of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction of 1,3-β-glucans from Dictyophora indusiata Using an Improved Fluorometric Assay

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Fu ◽  
Shang Lin ◽  
Min Lu ◽  
Si-Yu Wei ◽  
Jia Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fluorometric Assay ◽  
Edible Mushrooms ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted

In the present study, an improved fluorometric assay based on aniline blue dye for the specific, accurate, and rapid quantification of 1,3-β-glucans in edible mushrooms was developed and fully validated. Furthermore, the improved method was successfully applied for the quantitative evaluation of water soluble 1,3-β-glucans extracted from Dictyophora indusiata by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) with response surface methodology. Results showed that the improved method exhibited high specificity, accuracy, precision, repeatability, and stability, as well as a wide calibration range of 10–600 µg/mL (R2 > 99.9%). The maximum extraction yields of water soluble 1,3-β-glucans (1.20%) and total polysaccharides (5.41%) were achieved at the optimized extraction parameters as follows: ultrasound amplitude (56%), ultrasound extraction time (15 min), and ratio of liquid to raw material (22 mL/g). The results suggest that the improved fluorometric assay has great potential to be used as a routine method for the quantitative evaluation of 1,3-β-glucans in edible mushrooms and that the UAE method is effective for the extraction of 1,3-β-glucans from edible mushrooms.

CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS IN WILD OAT (Avenu fatua) HULLS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON SEED GERMINATION

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANK S. CHEN ◽  
JOHN M. MacTAGGART ◽  
RICHARD M. ELOFSON
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Nonanoic Acid ◽  
Lettuce Seed ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Phenolic Inhibitor ◽  
Lettuce Seed Germination

Aqueous extracts of dormant wild oat (Avena fatua L.) hulls had a weak inhibitory effect on lettuce seed germination. Both paper and thin layer chromatographic analyses of the ether-soluble acidic fraction showed the presence of phenolics and short-chain fatty acids. No abscisic acid was detected. Vanillin, protochatechualdehyde, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid and caffeic acid were isolated from hull extracts. Vanillin was shown to be the main water-soluble phenolic inhibitor of lettuce seed germination. At a concentration higher than 6.6 × 10−3M, vanillin was found to be more inhibitory than nonanoic acid to both lettuce and wild oat germination. The concentration of phenolics in the hulls does not account for suppression of wild oat seed germination.

Uptake and Conversion of Selenium by a Marine Bacterium

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (S2) ◽  
pp. s215-s220 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Foda ◽  
J. H. Vandermeulen ◽  
J. J. Wrench
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Marine Bacterium ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Marine Broth ◽  
Simultaneous Measurements ◽  
Uptake Studies ◽  
Bacterial Lipid

Bio-conversion of Se was examined by incubating Pseudomonas marina in seawater containing either selenite (Na2SeIVO3) or selenate (Na2SeVIO4). At the concentrations of selenite and selenate used (10−4–10−7 mol/L), the growth of P. marina was not inhibited. Under these conditions, selenite was taken up by P. marina, but selenate was not found to enter the cells. Pseudomonas marina incorporated selenite from filtered seawater into sub-cellular fractions, primarily protein (30–50%) and amino acids (44–70%). When incubated in marine broth, P. marina incorporated 75selenite primarily into protein (up to 75%), with a lesser amount into the amino acid fraction (approximately 25%). Insignificant amounts were associated with the bacterial lipid fraction. SeIV was found in the protein and amino acid fractions within 10 min of incubation in medium containing selenite. In uptake studies the level of SeIV in the incubating medium decreased markedly, corresponding presumably to SeIV entering the bacterial cells from the medium. However, simultaneous measurements of total Se in the medium (gas–liquid chromatography following photooxidation) revealed an increasing amount of non-SeIV species of Se in the medium throughout the same period. These results were interpreted as due to the bioconversion of selenite by P. marina into water-soluble non-SeIV metabolite(s) and their subsequent release back into the medium. Up to 35% of the total Se found in the medium after 24 h can be accounted for by this conversion of SeIV into another oxidation state. Pseudomonas marina is also capable of reducing SeIV to elemental Se; this pathway becomes increasingly evident at higher concentrations of Na2SeO3.

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