scholarly journals Cyanobacteria as Nanogold Factories: Chemical and Anti-Myocardial Infarction Properties of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized by Lyngbya majuscula

Marine Drugs ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esam Bakir ◽  
Nancy Younis ◽  
Maged Mohamed ◽  
Nermin El Semary
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Lyngbya Majuscula

scholarly journals Cyanobacteria as Nanogold Factories II: Chemical Reactivity and anti-Myocardial Infraction Properties of Customized Gold Nanoparticles Biosynthesized by Cyanothece sp.

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy S. Younis ◽  
Esam M. Bakir ◽  
Maged E. Mohamed ◽  
Nermin A. El Semary
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Chemical Reactivity ◽  
Characteristic Absorption Band ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Myocardial Infraction ◽  
Metal State ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
Successful Production

Cyanothece sp., a coccoid, unicellular, nitrogen-fixing and hydrogen-producing cyanobacterium, has been used in this study to biosynthesize customized gold nanoparticles under certain chemical conditions. The produced gold nanoparticles had a characteristic absorption band at 525–535 nm. Two types of gold nanoparticle, the purple and blue, were formed according to the chemical environment in which the cyanobacterium was grown. Dynamic light scattering was implemented to estimate the size of the purple and blue nanoparticles, which ranged from 80 ± 30 nm and 129 ± 40 nm in diameter, respectively. The highest scattering of laser light was recorded for the blue gold nanoparticles, which was possibly due to their larger size and higher concentration. The appearance of anodic and cathodic peaks in cyclic voltammetric scans of the blue gold nanoparticles reflected the oxidation into gold oxide, followed by the subsequent reduction into the nano metal state. The two produced forms of gold nanoparticles were used to treat isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in experimental rats. Both forms of nanoparticles ameliorated myocardial infarction injury, with a slight difference in their curative activity with the purple being more effective. Mechanisms that might explain the curative effect of these nanoparticles on the myocardial infarction were proposed. The morphological, physiological, and biochemical attributes of the Cyanothece sp. cyanobacterium were fundamental for the successful production of “tailored” nanoparticles, and complemented the chemical conditions for the differential biosynthesis process. The present research represents a novel approach to manipulate cyanobacterial cells towards the production of different-sized gold nanoparticles whose curative impacts vary accordingly. This is the first report on that type of manipulated gold nanoparticles biosynthesis which will hopefully open doors for further investigations and biotechnological applications.

The Effect of Gold Nanoparticles Combined with High-Quality Nursing in Patients with Myocardial Infarction

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-170
Author(s):  
Shasha Lv ◽  
Ling Yang ◽  
Ruifei Wu ◽  
Xiaoxing Feng
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Nano Gold

This study was established to study the effect of gold nanoparticles combined with high-quality nursing in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Under the condition of reflux, a nano gold strip was prepared. One hundred patients with AMI who were treated from April to September 2018 at our Hospital were selected for analysis, divided equally between the observation group and the control group. The associated responses of inflammation factors related to myocardial infarction were determined by molecular analysis. The levels of factors in patients with AMI were significantly higher than those in healthy subjects (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that a nano gold strip can be used for diagnosing early myocardial infarction.

scholarly journals Knockdown of TNF-α by DNAzyme gold nanoparticles as an anti-inflammatory therapy for myocardial infarction

Biomaterials ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 12-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inthirai Somasuntharam ◽  
Kevin Yehl ◽  
Sheridan L. Carroll ◽  
Joshua T. Maxwell ◽  
Mario D. Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Electroactive nanoparticles loaded Silk protein/Chitosan macromolecular injectable hydrogel to improve therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells in functional recovery after ischemic myocardial infarction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Wu ◽  
Shujuan Cheng ◽  
Shaoping Wang ◽  
Wenzheng Li ◽  
Jinghua Liu
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Silk Protein ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
H9c2 Cells ◽  
Myocardial Infraction

Abstract Background Currently, cardiac regeneration by stem cell-based tissue engineering is considered an important strategy for overcoming myocardial infarction. Therefore, this study is designed to explore the potential for differentiation of gold nanoparticles loaded injectable Silk protein/Chitosan hydrogel along with mesenchymal stem cells towards a cardiomyogenic phenotype. Methods The incorporated gold nanoparticles into chitosan-silk fibroin hydrogel (Au@Ch-SF) was validated by various analysis including FT-IR, NMR, XRD and SEM analysis. The major properties of Au@Ch-SF hydrogel such as weight loss, mechanical test and drug releasing activities also investigated. Further, the mesenchymal stem cells (MS) were encapsulated into hydrogel by incubating the MS cells with 100 µg/mL of Au@Ch-SF hydrogel in a humidified incubator at 37°C for 3 days in the presence of 5% CO2. In vitro toxicity effect of MS loaded Au@Ch-SF hydrogel was tested against cardiac myoblast H9C2 cells. Further, the tissue regenerative activities in myocardial infraction rats were examined by histology, apoptosis, and Cx43 cardiac-specific marker analysis. Results The gel formation time of Au@Ch-SF was comparatively lower than Ch and Ch-SF hydrogels which demonstrates the stronger intermolecular interactions between Ch and SF. The toxicity study showed that the prepared MS loaded Au@Ch-SF hydrogels did not possess toxicity against cardiac myoblast H9C2 cells. Further, the myocardial infarction rats were treated with MS loaded Au@Ch-SF hydrogel promotes the cardiac muscle fibers regeneration performance which was confirmed by β-MHC and Cx43 cardiac markers. Conclusions We demonstrate for the first time that encapsulation of MS with Au@Ch-SF hydrogels could promotes tissue regenerative activity in myocardial infraction tissues. The findings of this study suggest that MS encapsulated Au@Ch-SF hydrogels might be useful in the treatment of myocardial infarction.

Polyethylene-glycol-coated gold nanoparticles improve cardiac function after myocardial infarction in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (12) ◽  
pp. 1318-1327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiju Tian ◽  
Chengzhi Yang ◽  
Baoling Zhu ◽  
Wenjing Wang ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Cardiac Fibrosis ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Acute Mi ◽  
Cardioprotective Effects

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are widely used for drug delivery because of their unique biological properties, such as their safety and ability to prolong drug action. Some studies have demonstrated that AuNPs accumulate in the heart, especially during pathological processes. Therefore, it is very important to understand the effect of AuNPs on the heart. Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality; however, the effect of AuNPs on MI remains unclear. In the present study, we carried out a comprehensive evaluation of AuNPs on acute MI. The results showed that AuNPs accumulated in infarcted hearts, decreased infarction size, improved systolic function, and inhibited cardiac fibrosis and TNF-α accumulation. Our work indicated that AuNPs have cardioprotective effects and can be used in drug delivery systems for the treatment of cardiac diseases.

scholarly journals Cyanobacteria as nanogold Factories: The chemical validation and perspective of the association between gold nanoparticles and cyanobacterial glycogen

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esam Bakir ◽  
Nermin ElSemary
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional Theory ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Detection Limit ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Plasmon Band ◽  
Lyngbya Majuscula ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Quantitation Limit ◽  
Homo Level ◽  
Lumo Level

Abstract Background : Glycogen is the cyanobacterial reserve carbohydrate which is currently the focus of many studies. However, quantification of intercellular glycogen needs thorough investigation. The hypothesis is that glycogen can bind to nanogold. This binding can be used as an important tool for the quantification of intracellular glycogen. Methods: Two strains of cyanobacteria were demonstrated to biosynthesise nanogold intracellularly and to bind to cellular glycogen. Then, spherical gold nanoparticles were chemically prepared and tested for binding to the glycogen molecule of cyanobacterial strains; Lyngbya majuscula and Cyanothece sp. via biochemical method. Experimental analyses were conducted to determine the morphological and optical properties of the Au–glycogen hydrocolloids, together with the analysis of the absorption spectra. The luminescence emission of AuNPs that resulted from recombination between electron in excited state HOMO and hole in ground state LUMO of gold nanoparticles according to Mie theory was recorded. The size diameter and shape of AuNPs were measured via scanning electron microscope and dynamic light scattering techniques. The stability of Au-glycogen was studied by the sequential addition of standard solutions of glycogen in the concentration range (10–100 µmol l− 1) into the prepared AuNPs colloidal solution by recording the SPR and luminescence intensity of AuNPs. Results: The color of the cyanobacterial strains turned into purple color that indicated the formation gold nanoparticles inside the cell (intracellularly). To confirm binding between nanogold and glycogen, the absorption spectrum of AuNPs-glycogen showed plasmon band that was centered at 520–540 nm, suggesting that gold nanoparticles were attached to the surface of the glycogen particles. The interaction of the gold nanoparticles with the biopolymer was further confirmed by photoluminescence spectroscopy analysis. The size diameter of the Au-glycogen in both Lyngbya majuscula and Cyanothece sp. were observed to be 41.7 ± 0.2 nm and 80 ± 30 nm, respectively. FTIR analysis showed that the glycogen absorption peak was observed at 1,000 to 1,200 cm− 1 and exhibited an increase corresponding to the increase in glycogen content in both cyanobacteria. In cyclic voltammetry scans, the Au3+/Au0 redox coupling was observed in case of Lyngbya majuscula indicating the formation of AuNPs-glycogen but in Cyanothece sp. the oxidation anodic peak of AuNPs disappeared which indicated that the AuNPs were highly stabilized in Lyngbya majuscula rather than in Cyanothece sp. This may be attributed to the presence of many thiazole peptides in Lyngbya majuscule. The luminescence of AuNPs showed more stability by the addition of gradual concentrations of glycogen and stronger emission of AuNPs as glycogen protected AuNPs agglomeration. The validation method applied to detect the concentration of glycogen was the use of the change in luminescence of AuNPs in correspondence to binding with glycogen. The detection limit (LOD) and quantitation limit (LOQ) were observed to be 0.89 and 2.95 µmol L-1 respectively. Correlation convention (R) was 0.995. The good chemical stability of this colloidal system and the glycogen biomolecules are studied via density functional theory (DFT). The HOMO level of glycogen unit was closed near to LUMO level of Au3+ that supported the bioconversion of Au3+ into AuNPs via glucose units of glycogen. The detection limit (LOD) and quantitation limit (LOQ) were observed to be 0.89 and 2.95 µmol L− 1 respectively, with R (correlation convention) equal to 0.995. Computational calculations such as density functional theory (DFT) was used to confirm the Au-glycogen complex in bio-system. The HOMO level of glycogen unit was closed near to LUMO level of Au3+ that supported the bioconversion of Au3+ into AuNPs via glucose units of glycogen. Conclusion: The associations formed between the gold nanoparticles and glycogen resulted in good chemical stability. The aggregation of the gold nanoparticles is related to the glycogen concentration and has a profound influence on the absorption properties of Au-glycogen systems. The interparticle distance between AuNPs and glycogen molecule induced the shift in the plasmon band.

An electron microscopic study of the intra-myocardial lesions in cases of acute myocardial infarction

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 484-485
Author(s):  
Masahiro Ono ◽  
Kaoru Aihara ◽  
Gompachi Yajima
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Vessels ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Vascular Changes ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Main Trunk ◽  
Mechanical Destruction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Myocardial Lesions

The pathogenesis of the arteriosclerosis in the acute myocardial infarction is the matter of the extensive survey with the transmission electron microscopy in experimental and clinical materials. In the previous communication,the authors have clarified that the two types of the coronary vascular changes could exist. The first category is the case in which we had failed to observe no occlusive changes of the coronary vessels which eventually form the myocardial infarction. The next category is the case in which occlusive -thrombotic changes are observed in which the myocardial infarction will be taken placed as the final event. The authors incline to designate the former category as the non-occlusive-non thrombotic lesions. The most important findings in both cases are the “mechanical destruction of the vascular wall and imbibition of the serous component” which are most frequently observed at the proximal portion of the coronary main trunk.

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