scholarly journals A Proposed Model for Candidate Selection Process in Political Parties Based on Fuzzy Logic Methodology

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-163
Author(s):  
Yılmaz Gökşen ◽  
Onur Doğan ◽  
Mete Eminağaoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Candidate Selection ◽  
Proposed Model

The Supply and Demand Model of Candidate Selection: Some Reflections

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joni Lovenduski
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Candidate Selection ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Race And Class ◽  
The Core ◽  
Look Back ◽  
Political Recruitment ◽  
Supply And Demand Model

This contribution takes a look back at the supply and demand model of selection and recruitment, developed by Joni Lovenduski and Pippa Norris in Political Recruitment: Gender, Race and Class in the British Parliament (1995). The core understanding of this model was that candidate selection was an interactive process in which both selectors and aspirants affected outcomes that were organized in several sets of institutions. The model illuminates power in particular institutions – British political parties – and was designed to examine the various effects of the selection process. This contribution reflects on the model and puts forward ideas and arguments about what might be done differently, taking into account the theoretical and methodological innovations of the succeeding generation of scholars who have used the model. It also identifies remaining challenges for research on candidate selection and suggests that the supply and demand model is sufficiently flexible that it can still travel across national, system and party boundaries.

scholarly journals Comparing Candidate Selection: A Feminist Institutionalist Approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elin Bjarnegård ◽  
Meryl Kenny
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Institutional Context ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Candidate Selection ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Political Dominance ◽  
Key Aspects

This contribution evaluates the theoretical and methodological challenges of researching the gendered dynamics of candidate selection in comparative perspective. It argues that comparative studies should take into account not only the gendered nature of political parties and their wider institutional context, but must also investigate the informal aspects of the selection process and their gendered consequences. The article explores these dynamics by revisiting original in-depth research on the candidate selection process in two different settings – Thailand and Scotland. Using a common analytical framework, the article reflects on this work and points to two key aspects of the interaction between formal and informal rules – the gendered consequences of informal party recruitment and of local influence over candidate selection – which are critically important for understanding the continuity of male political dominance and female under-representation. The article concludes by outlining a research agenda for comparative work on gender, institutions and candidate selection and pointing to future directions for work in this area.

scholarly journals Combining Clientelism and Incumbency Advantage: Political Strategy in Candidate Selection for the 2017 Local Head Election in Bekasi Regency

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-42
Author(s):  
Caroline Paskarina ◽  
Rina Hermawati ◽  
Desi Yunita
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Candidate Selection ◽  
Political Strategy ◽  
Incumbency Advantage ◽  
Party Elites ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Selection Of

This article discusses the post-clientelist initiatives used by political parties in the selection of candidates within the party to determine the regent and vice regents nominated for the local election. Candidate selection is the political domain of political parties, but in the context of figure-based politics, parties tend to play more as political vehicle in the candidacy of local head. Through this role, resource exchanges take place between parties and candidates within the internal party candidacy arena. Using qualitative methods through in-depth interviews and observations of candidate selection in the Bekasi Regent 2017 election, this article seeks to reveal how post-clientelist initiatives are used by party elites to optimize the incumbency advantage as main political resource in the candidate selection to determine who will pair the incumbent. The results show that the dominance of party elites in candidate selection process determines how financial resources and political support are optimized to win the incumbent. Decision to choose the vice-regent from the same party while still forming coalitions with other parties indicates that post-clientelistic strategy is operated both internally and externally. This practice confirms the tendency of the candidate selection model to be more inclusive because it involves other parties, but remains pragmatic.

Taiwan's Party Primaries in Comparative Perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-li Wu ◽  
Dafydd Fell
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Candidate Selection ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
European Parties ◽  
Party Institutionalization ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Developed World ◽  
Direct Primary

There has been a lack of research into candidate selection outside the developed world. In this paper we attempt to fill this gap, with a detailed examination of the factors leading to the introduction of party primaries, their operations and their future prospects, in a third wave democracy, Taiwan. Although Taiwan is a late democratizer, the high degree of party institutionalization makes it more appropriate to compare its nomination system with those of older political parties, we particularly contrast it with the leading German and British political parties. Our discussion also finds many similar trends with developments of intra-party democracy in European parties, particularly in terms of a decentralization of candidate selection and reduced mediation between party centre and members. In addition, despite technical changes in electoral campaigning, parties in Taiwan have not abandoned the mass membership model. In Taiwan, direct primary elections have been a controversial subject. By analyzing relevant data, we argue that the core problem of the party primary was its lack of fairness, because party cadres tried to monopolize the candidate selection and thus failed to remain neutral. We find signs that leaders in all parties are wary of allowing inner party democracy to go too far and losing their control over nomination. When the party centre fears the wrong candidates will be selected, they are prepared to manipulate the rules in their favour or re-centralize the selection process.

Labour and Racism: Trade Unions and the Selection of Parliamentary Candidates

1994 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Les Back ◽  
John Solomos
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Candidate Selection ◽  
British Society ◽  
Black Candidates ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Selection Of

The issue of the representation of minorities in political institutions has become central in recent debates about the political sociology of race in British society. This paper uses a case study of a selection process for a prospective parliamentary candidate for the Labour Party to explore the dynamics of recent developments. It explores the following questions: What impact have minority activists had on processes of candidate selection? How have political parties responded to demands for the selection of more black candidates?

scholarly journals Interactions between Party and Legislative Quotas: Candidate Selection and Quota Compliance in Portugal and Spain

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tània Verge ◽  
Ana Espírito-Santo
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Candidate Selection ◽  
Gender Representation ◽  
Gender Quotas ◽  
Institutional Contexts ◽  
Potential Interactions ◽  
Simultaneous Implementation

About two decades after the introduction of party quotas, in the mid-2000s both Portugal and Spain enacted legislative gender quotas. The simultaneous implementation of party and legislative quotas raises questions about the potential interactions between two types of candidate quotas sharing the same goal – granting gender equality in political representation. Following a feminist institutionalist approach, this article aims at disentangling under what circumstances compliance with legislative quotas is greater. By looking at the different party institutional contexts in which candidates are selected, a double comparative framework is set. Firstly, we examine within country how legislative quotas affect political parties with dissimilar strategies to pursue equal gender representation. Secondly, we analyse across countries how they impact on political parties with differently institutionalized voluntary quotas. The article shows that legislative quotas are nested in political parties’ candidate selection process and that existing gendered practices and norms limit the effective compliance with such measures.

scholarly journals Candidate Selection and the Electoral Prospects of the Peoples' Democratic Party (PDP) In Nigeria: 1999-2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
Alfa Patrick Innocent ◽  
Otaida Eikojonwa
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Democratic Party ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Candidate Selection ◽  
The Other ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Selection Procedures ◽  
Opposition Party ◽  
Secondary Method

Objective: The essence of this article is to examine the centrality of candidate selection in the changes in the electoral fortunes of the Peoples' Democratic Party (PDP) in Nigeria from 1999 to 2015.Methodology: This paper is qualitative and conceptual in nature. The issues were analysed under various related themes. The data were gathered through the secondary method such as textbooks, journal articles, reports of election observer teams, party constitutions, workshop papers, Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) documents, the Electoral Acts and the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria. The analysis of the information gathered helped to manifest the factors that were responsible for the electoral setbacks suffered by the People’s Democratic Party (PDP) which led to the triumph of the hitherto opposition party, the All Progressives Congress (APC) in the 2015 general elections.Results: The paper discovered that interferences and manipulation in the candidate selection procedures in particular and gross disregard for internal party democracy in the Peoples' Democratic Party led to its electoral misfortunes in the 2015 elections.Implication: The paper avers that political parties are fundamental elements in any democratic setting, but for them to retain and boost their electoral chances they must adopt a transparent candidate selection process and adhere to the other tenets of internal party democracy.

Integration of fuzzy logic in the SEIRD compartmental model for the analysis of intervention and transmission heterogeneity on SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakaria Shams Siam ◽  
Rubyat Tasnuva Hasan ◽  
Hossain Ahamed ◽  
Samiya Kabir Youme ◽  
Soumik Sarker Anik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Compartmental Model ◽  
Fuzzy Rule ◽  
Transmission Dynamics ◽  
Intervention Measures ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Total Death ◽  
Linguistic Intervention ◽  
Fuzzy Linguistic ◽  
Death Cases

Different epidemiological compartmental models have been presented to predict the transmission dynamics of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this study, we have proposed a fuzzy rule-based Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered-Death ([Formula: see text]) compartmental model considering a new dynamic transmission possibility variable as a function of time and three different fuzzy linguistic intervention variables to delineate the intervention and transmission heterogeneity on SARS-CoV-2 viral infection. We have analyzed the datasets of active cases and total death cases of China and Bangladesh. Using our model, we have predicted active cases and total death cases for China and Bangladesh. We further presented the correspondence of different intervention measures in relaxing the transmission possibility. The proposed model delineates the correspondence between the intervention measures as fuzzy subsets and the predicted active cases and total death cases. The prediction made by our system fitted the collected dataset very well while considering different fuzzy intervention measures. The integration of fuzzy logic in the classical compartmental model also produces more realistic results as it generates a dynamic transmission possibility variable. The proposed model could be used to control the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 as it deals with the intervention and transmission heterogeneity on SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics.

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