scholarly journals XCM: An Explainable Convolutional Neural Network for Multivariate Time Series Classification

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (23) ◽  
pp. 3137
Author(s):  
Kevin Fauvel ◽  
Tao Lin ◽  
Véronique Masson ◽  
Élisa Fromont ◽  
Alexandre Termier
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Input Data ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Multivariate Time Series ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Multiple Domains ◽  
Post Hoc

Multivariate Time Series (MTS) classification has gained importance over the past decade with the increase in the number of temporal datasets in multiple domains. The current state-of-the-art MTS classifier is a heavyweight deep learning approach, which outperforms the second-best MTS classifier only on large datasets. Moreover, this deep learning approach cannot provide faithful explanations as it relies on post hoc model-agnostic explainability methods, which could prevent its use in numerous applications. In this paper, we present XCM, an eXplainable Convolutional neural network for MTS classification. XCM is a new compact convolutional neural network which extracts information relative to the observed variables and time directly from the input data. Thus, XCM architecture enables a good generalization ability on both large and small datasets, while allowing the full exploitation of a faithful post hoc model-specific explainability method (Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping) by precisely identifying the observed variables and timestamps of the input data that are important for predictions. We first show that XCM outperforms the state-of-the-art MTS classifiers on both the large and small public UEA datasets. Then, we illustrate how XCM reconciles performance and explainability on a synthetic dataset and show that XCM enables a more precise identification of the regions of the input data that are important for predictions compared to the current deep learning MTS classifier also providing faithful explainability. Finally, we present how XCM can outperform the current most accurate state-of-the-art algorithm on a real-world application while enhancing explainability by providing faithful and more informative explanations.

scholarly journals Method for Mapping Rice Fields in Complex Landscape Areas Based on Pre-Trained Convolutional Neural Network from HJ-1 A/B Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Jiang ◽  
Xiangnan Liu ◽  
Ling Wu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Complex Landscape

Accurate and timely information about rice planting areas is essential for crop yield estimation, global climate change and agricultural resource management. In this study, we present a novel pixel-level classification approach that uses convolutional neural network (CNN) model to extract the features of enhanced vegetation index (EVI) time series curve for classification. The goal is to explore the practicability of deep learning techniques for rice recognition in complex landscape regions, where rice is easily confused with the surroundings, by using mid-resolution remote sensing images. A transfer learning strategy is utilized to fine tune a pre-trained CNN model and obtain the temporal features of the EVI curve. Support vector machine (SVM), a traditional machine learning approach, is also implemented in the experiment. Finally, we evaluate the accuracy of the two models. Results show that our model performs better than SVM, with the overall accuracies being 93.60% and 91.05%, respectively. Therefore, this technique is appropriate for estimating rice planting areas in southern China on the basis of a pre-trained CNN model by using time series data. And more opportunity and potential can be found for crop classification by remote sensing and deep learning technique in the future study.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI DEEP LEARNING BERBASIS TENSORFLOW UNTUK PENGENALAN SIDIK JARI

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Royani Darma Nurfita ◽  
Gunawan Ariyanto
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Data Preprocessing ◽  
Learning Rate

Sistem pengenalan sidik jari banyak digunakan dala bidang biometrik untuk berbagai keperluan pada beberapa tahun terakhir ini. Pengenalan sidik jari digunakan karena memiliki pola yang rumit yang dapat mengenali seseorang dan merupakan identitas setiap manusia. Sidik jari juga banyak digunakan sebagai verifikasi maupun identifikasi. Permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam penelitian ini adalah komputer sulit melakukan klasifikasi objek salah satunya pada sidikjari. Dalam penelitian ini penulismenggunakan deep learning yang menggunakan metode Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. CNN digunakan untuk melakukan proses pembelajaran mesin pada komputer. Tahapan pada CNN adalah input data, preprocessing, proses training. Implementasi CNN yang digunakan library tensorflow dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman python. Dataset yang digunakan bersumber dari sebuah website kompetisi verifikasi sidik jari pada tahun 2004 yang menggunakan sensor bertipe opticalsensor “V300” by crossMatch dan didalamnya terdapat 80 gambar sidik jari. Proses pelatihan menggunakan data yang berukuran 24x24 pixel dan melakukan pengujian dengan membandingkan jumlah epoch dan learning rate sehingga diketahui bahwa jika semakin besar jumlah epoch dan semakin kecil learning rate maka semakin baik tingkat akurasi pelatihan yang didapatkan. Pada penelitian ini tingkat akurasi pelatihan yang dicapai sebesar 100%

Outlier Detection Using Convolutional Neural Network for Wireless Sensor Network

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Detection Accuracy

Over the recent years, the term deep learning has been considered as one of the primary choice for handling huge amount of data. Having deeper hidden layers, it surpasses classical methods for detection of outlier in wireless sensor network. The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is a biologically inspired computational model which is one of the most popular deep learning approaches. It comprises neurons that self-optimize through learning. EEG generally known as Electroencephalography is a tool used for investigation of brain function and EEG signal gives time-series data as output. In this paper, we propose a state-of-the-art technique designed by processing the time-series data generated by the sensor nodes stored in a large dataset into discrete one-second frames and these frames are projected onto a 2D map images. A convolutional neural network (CNN) is then trained to classify these frames. The result improves detection accuracy and encouraging.

scholarly journals Identifying Ethnics of People through Face Recognition: A Deep CNN Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ahmed Jawad A. AlBdairi ◽  
Zhu Xiao ◽  
Mohammed Alghaili
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Face Recognition ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Facial Features ◽  
New Model ◽  
Image Dataset ◽  
Deep Cnn

The interest in face recognition studies has grown rapidly in the last decade. One of the most important problems in face recognition is the identification of ethnics of people. In this study, a new deep learning convolutional neural network is designed to create a new model that can recognize the ethnics of people through their facial features. The new dataset for ethnics of people consists of 3141 images collected from three different nationalities. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first image dataset collected for the ethnics of people and that dataset will be available for the research community. The new model was compared with two state-of-the-art models, VGG and Inception V3, and the validation accuracy was calculated for each convolutional neural network. The generated models have been tested through several images of people, and the results show that the best performance was achieved by our model with a verification accuracy of 96.9%.

Real-time automatic surgical phase recognition in laparoscopic sigmoidectomy using the convolutional neural network-based deep learning approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 4924-4931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daichi Kitaguchi ◽  
Nobuyoshi Takeshita ◽  
Hiroki Matsuzaki ◽  
Hiroaki Takano ◽  
Yohei Owada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Laparoscopic Sigmoidectomy ◽  
Phase Recognition

scholarly journals Conceptual Understanding of Convolutional Neural Network- A Deep Learning Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 679-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakshi Indolia ◽  
Anil Kumar Goswami ◽  
S.P. Mishra ◽  
Pooja Asopa
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Conceptual Understanding ◽  
Learning Approach

scholarly journals Investigation of optimal configurations of a convolutional neural network for the identification of objects in real-time

2019 ◽  
pp. 417-423
Author(s):  
M A Isayev ◽  
D A Savelyev
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Real Time ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Average Precision ◽  
The Core ◽  
Particular Solution ◽  
Optimal Configurations

The comparison of different convolutional neural networks which are the core of the most actual solutions in the computer vision area is considers in hhe paper. The study includes benchmarks of this state-of-the-art solutions by some criteria, such as mAP (mean average precision), FPS (frames per seconds), for the possibility of real-time usability. It is concluded on the best convolutional neural network model and deep learning methods that were used at particular solution.

scholarly journals Crop Rotation Modeling for Deep Learning-Based Parcel Classification from Satellite Time Series

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 4599
Author(s):  
Félix Quinton ◽  
Loic Landrieu
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Learning Approach ◽  
Type Mapping ◽  
Current State ◽  
Crop Type

While annual crop rotations play a crucial role for agricultural optimization, they have been largely ignored for automated crop type mapping. In this paper, we take advantage of the increasing quantity of annotated satellite data to propose to model simultaneously the inter- and intra-annual agricultural dynamics of yearly parcel classification with a deep learning approach. Along with simple training adjustments, our model provides an improvement of over 6.3% mIoU over the current state-of-the-art of crop classification, and a reduction of over 21% of the error rate. Furthermore, we release the first large-scale multi-year agricultural dataset with over 300,000 annotated parcels.

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