scholarly journals Efficient and Secure Strategy for Energy Systems of Interconnected Farmers′ Associations to Meet Variable Energy Demand

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2182
Author(s):  
Maria Simona Raboaca ◽  
Nicu Bizon ◽  
Catalin Trufin ◽  
Florentina Magda Enescu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
National Level ◽  
National Development ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Auxiliary Equipment ◽  
Strategic Objective ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Variable Energy

Since ancient times, agriculture has been one of the most important resources of national development. At a national level, clean energy is a strategic objective of Romania, in accordance with the EC directive 2016/30.11.2016 (“Clean Energy for All”). At a European level, the European Commission published in January 2019 the “Towards a Sustainable Europe by 2030” strategy, highlighting the strategic importance of the Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technologies. In this context, the synergy between the energy management of a hybrid energy system and blockchain technology, applied to farmers’ associations, represents a priority research direction in the field of information and communication technology, blockchain, and security. This paper presents the integration of the management of the energy produced by photovoltaic panels owned by farmers’ association, to support the variable energy demand (necessary for water pumps, charging stations of the electric agricultural machines, the animal farms, and the auxiliary equipment) based on the IoT, DLT, blockchain technologies and smart contracts applied to farmers associations registered as users of the SmartFarm platform.

scholarly journals Environmental benefits of modern power system and clean energy

2019 ◽  
Vol 107 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Vedaste Ndayishimiye ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Deborah Nibagwire ◽  
Patrobers Simiyu ◽  
Giovanni Dushimimana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transport System ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Electric Transport ◽  
Coal Consumption ◽  
Sustainable Energy System

Nowadays, the world is at a critical moment of facing serious environmental and economic problems. A very large number of people in developing countries is exposed to dangers associated with flammability and toxicity of traditional source of energy while others in industrialized countries are facing the effects of atmospheric air pollution and green house (GHG) gas emission .Despite the global reforestation policies, despite latest remarkable increase in renewable energy and natural gas production, there is still a problem of domination fuel and coal consumption. This paper explored the effects of rapid economic growth, industrial development on climate. Additionally the effects of continuous exponential population growth, a fast increase of energy global energy demand, conventional transport system on carbon and GHG emission have discussed. Finally the paper revealed how modern smart electricity system with sustainable energy system and electric transport system contribute to the reduction of hazardous emission.

Optimal Sizing of Hybrid Wind and Solar Renewable Energy System

2021 ◽  
pp. 539-577
Author(s):  
Diriba Kajela Geleta ◽  
Mukhdeep Singh Manshahia
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Total Annual Cost ◽  
Matlab Code ◽  
Load Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy System ◽  
The World ◽  
The Village

If properly designed and utilized, earth has rich potential of clean energy in satisfying the energy demand of the world. In this chapter, nature-inspired methodology was employed to optimize hybrids of renewable energy system in the case of Jeldu district of Ethiopia. The main goal of the researchers here is to minimize the total annual cost of the system, which can be designed by using appropriate numbers of components based on the pre-designed constraints to satisfy the load demand. MATLAB code was designed for the proposed methodology, and the results were discussed. It was seen from the result that the proposed approach has solved the optimum sizing of defined problem with high convergence. The results show that energy demand of the village can be optimally satisfied by the use of wind and solar hybrid system. Moreover, the application of this chapter is important for countries like Ethiopia to increase access to electricity.

scholarly journals Are We on the Right Track? Collective Self-Consumption and Energy Communities in the European Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12494
Author(s):  
Dorian Frieden ◽  
Andreas Tuerk ◽  
Ana Rita Antunes ◽  
Vasilakis Athanasios ◽  
Alexandros-Georgios Chronis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
National Level ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
The European Union ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Eu

To accelerate the energy transition, the EU “Clean Energy for all Europeans” package aims to strengthen the involvement of end consumers in the energy market. To this end, together with so-called “active consumers” and provisions for individual and collective renewable energy self-consumption, two types of energy communities were introduced. The EU framework, however, leaves many details of the transposition process to the national level. The corresponding directives were supposed to be transposed by the end of December 2020 (recast Electricity Market Directive, defining active consumers and citizen energy communities) and by the end of June 2021 (Renewable Energy Directive, defining renewables self-consumption and renewable energy communities). In this paper, we critically discuss major developments of the transposition, including questions of the general distinction of the different concepts, governance and ownership, physical expansion, administrative barriers and the overall integration of energy communities into the energy system. The analysis builds on country case studies as well as on previous work by the authors on the status of the transposition process throughout the EU. The paper shows that the national approaches differ greatly and are at very different stages. While basic provisions are in place in most Member States to meet the fundamental EU requirements, the overall integration into the energy system and market is only partly addressed. This concerns, for instance, the analysis of system impacts of energy communities and measures that would allow and support energy system-friendly behaviour. In addition, several practical hurdles need to be overcome. These often relate to administrative requirements such as complex registration and licensing procedures, the need for the involvement of several institutions, or difficult procedures for access to relevant data. The paper concludes that discussed barriers will need to be carefully addressed if the high expectations for the role of energy communities are to be met.

scholarly journals Linking Dynamic Building Simulation with Long-Term Energy System Planning to Improve Buildings Urban Energy Planning Strategies

Smart Cities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1242-1265
Author(s):  
Lidia Stermieri ◽  
Chiara Delmastro ◽  
Cristina Becchio ◽  
Stefano Paolo Corgnati
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Building Simulation ◽  
Energy Planning ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Urban Energy ◽  
The Impact

The building sector is currently responsible of 40% of global final energy consumption, influencing the broader energy system in terms of new electricity and heat capacity additions, as well as distribution infrastructure reinforcement. Current building energy efficiency potential is largely untapped, especially at the local level where retrofit interventions are typically enforced, neglecting their potential synergies with the entire energy system. To improve the understanding of these potential interactions, this paper proposes a methodology that links dynamic building simulation and energy planning tools at the urban scale. At first, a detailed bottom-up analysis was conducted to estimate the current and post-retrofit energy demand of the building stock. The stock analysis is further linked to a broader energy system simulation model to understand the impact of building renovation on the whole urban energy system in terms of cost, greenhouse gas emission, and primary energy consumption up to 2050. The methodology is suited to analyze the relationship between building energy demand reduction potential and clean energy sources’ deployment to shift buildings away from fossil fuels, the key priority for decarbonizing buildings. The methodology was applied to the case study city of Torino, Italy, highlighting the critical role of coupling proper building retrofit intervention with district-level heat generation strategies, such as modern district heating able to exploit low-grade heat. Being able to simulate both demand and supply future alternatives, the methodology provides a robust reference for municipalities and energy suppliers aiming at promoting efficient energy policies and targeted investments.

scholarly journals A Grid-Tied Fuel Cell Multilevel Inverter with Low Harmonic Distortions

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 688
Author(s):  
Khlid Ben Hamad ◽  
Doudou N. Luta ◽  
Atanda K. Raji
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Fuel Cell System ◽  
Harmonic Distortions

As a result of global energy demand increase, concerns over global warming, and rapid exhaustion of fossil fuels, there is a growing interest in energy system dependence on clean and sustainable energy resources. Attractive power technologies include photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, and biomass power. Fuel cells are also clean energy units that substitute power generators based on fossil fuels. They are employed in various applications, including transportation, stationary power, and small portable power. Fuel cell connections to utility grids require that the power conditioning units, interfacing the fuel cells and the grids, operate accordingly (by complying with the grid requirements). This study aims to model a centralised, single-stage grid-tied three-level diode clamped inverter interfacing a multi-stack fuel cell system. The inverter is expected to produce harmonic distortions of less than 0.5% and achieve an efficiency of 85%. Besides the grid, the system consists of a 1.54 MW/1400 V DC proton exchange membrane fuel cell, a 1.3 MW three-level diode clamped inverter with a nominal voltage of 600 V, and an inductance-capacitance-inductance (LCL) filter. Two case studies based on the load conditions are considered to assess the developed system’s performance further. In case 1, the fuel cell system generates enough power to fully meet this load and exports the excess to the grid. In the other case, a load of 2.5 MW was connected at the grid-tied fuel cell inverter’s output terminals. The system imports the grid’s power to meet the 2.5 MW load since the fuel cell can only produce 1.54 MW. It is demonstrated that the system can supply and also receive power from the grid. The results show the developed system’s good performance with a low total harmonic distortion of about 0.12% for the voltage and 0.07% for the current. The results also reveal that the fuel cell inverter voltage and the frequency at the point of common coupling comply with the grid requirements.

scholarly journals Research on compound comprehensive energy evaluation and intelligent control optimization

2021 ◽  
Vol 336 ◽  
pp. 05026
Author(s):  
Tiecheng Li ◽  
Siming Zeng ◽  
Zhengfu Yang ◽  
Zhibin Liu ◽  
Yajing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Improved Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Index Model

Under the background of increasing energy demand, integrated energy system is an important way to promote the development of clean energy, support the efficient use of energy and energy saving and emission reduction. This paper firstly establishes a comprehensive energy system evaluation index model composed of three sub-models of economy, environment and energy. On the basis of this model, a comprehensive energy multi-objective optimization mathematical model with the lowest total cost, excellent environmental benefits and high comprehensive energy utilization efficiency is established, and the energy supply and demand allocation optimization method based on improved genetic algorithm is adopted for solution. The simulation proves the effectiveness of the proposed optimization model.

scholarly journals Design Analysis of PV-Wind Energy System with Pumped Hydro Storage using HOMER Pro

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 502-505
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Wind Energy System ◽  
Major Shift ◽  
Hybrid Optimization Model

Renewable energy in the recent era world-widely has proven to be a major shift for clean energy generation. It is a great opportunity or solutions to address increasing clean energy demand especially in a developing country such as India. As wind energy and solar energy are most commonly used renewable resources, gives their abundance in the region. Focusing aim of the analysis is to present the reliability of pumped hydro storage (PHS) system with respect to battery banks on the basis of operation and maintenance (O&M) cost with minimum loss. Thus, this system will have feasibility and practical capability to provide persistent supply operation to remote areas. The Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER) software also known as HOMER Prois used to conduct simulation of the system.

Optimal Sizing of Hybrid Wind and Solar Renewable Energy System

2021 ◽  
pp. 110-148
Author(s):  
Diriba Kajela Geleta ◽  
Mukhdeep Singh Manshahia
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Total Annual Cost ◽  
Matlab Code ◽  
Load Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy System ◽  
The World ◽  
The Village

If properly designed and utilized, earth has rich potential of clean energy in satisfying the energy demand of the world. In this chapter, nature-inspired methodology was employed to optimize hybrids of renewable energy system in the case of Jeldu district of Ethiopia. The main goal of the researchers here is to minimize the total annual cost of the system, which can be designed by using appropriate numbers of components based on the pre-designed constraints to satisfy the load demand. MATLAB code was designed for the proposed methodology, and the results were discussed. It was seen from the result that the proposed approach has solved the optimum sizing of defined problem with high convergence. The results show that energy demand of the village can be optimally satisfied by the use of wind and solar hybrid system. Moreover, the application of this chapter is important for countries like Ethiopia to increase access to electricity.

scholarly journals Renewable Energy based Green Power Generation for Rural Electrification

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3904-3911
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Matlab Simulink

A major challenge for developing countries is access to electricity in rural area for accelerating its growth. There are significant impediment from the utilities to extend either improved service to the rural user or provide extended hours of supply through conventional grid supply. In developing countries, the most significant challenges are technologies used to upgrade and methods for electrification, which results in poor reliability of supply and high distribution losses, leading to hindering both economic and social development, so energy planners have suggested a hybrid energy system for the electrification of rural areas. This study investigates green energy based integrated generation for rural loads. This proposed system can orchestrate with the grid as well as with the renewable energy-based generator. The wind energy has a natural variance, to satisfy the energy demand during the nocturnal and overcast period a complementary renewable energy generator is critical, or an energy storage mechanism is needed to meet the energy demand. This type of pooled exploitation and interconnection is used to improve the reliability and resilience of the grids. The integration of distributed and clean energy resource like wind generation will reduce fossil fuel emissions and provides electricity in areas which are limitedly served by unified electrical infrastructure. Hence, it is expected to develop/modify technologies available for harnessing renewable energy sources. A MATLAB/Simulink is used to build a model for a grid-wind based integrated generation. Results obtained from MATLAB/Simulink are a close match with a practical system.

Cogeneration of Multi-Modular High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor Based on Cu-Cl Cycle and High Temperature Electrolysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Miao ◽  
Dong Zhe ◽  
Li Bowen ◽  
Jiang Di ◽  
Huang Xiaojin
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Cogeneration Plant ◽  
Load Following ◽  
Energy And Momentum ◽  
High Temperature Gas ◽  
High Temperature Electrolysis

Abstract With the transformation of global energy, the development of hybrid energy system of nuclear energy and other clean energy is a new research direction. As a representative of the generation IV nuclear energy system, modular high temperature gas-cooled reactor (MHTGR) can provide high quality steam for multiple usage. In this paper, the copper-chlorine (Cu-Cl) cycle and high-temperature electrolysis (HTE) hydrogen production are proposed as the backup processes of the multiple MHTGR unit, and the dynamic model of the cogeneration plant is established according to the conservation of mass, energy and momentum. Furthermore, the coordinated control system of cogeneration plant is proposed to realize load following control. It is programmed on MATLAB/Simulink platform and verified by numerical simulation, and the results show that the model and control scheme of cogeneration plant proposed in this paper is feasible to realize the load following function of stable grid frequency.

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